Gamengrund

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Relief map of the Gamengrund and the neighboring valleys to the east.
Some of the numerous sinks are highlighted in color
→ the same map in 16.7%, i.e. 629 × 1391 px

The Gamengrund is a striking, 300 to 400 meter wide glacial channel that cuts through the base moraine area of the Barnim . It starts south of Eberswalde and runs to Hirschfelde . Due to its very strong expression, it is an important geotope for Brandenburg and designated as a landscape protection area.

location

The Gamengrund extends through the municipal areas (or on their border) of Strausberg , Altlandsberg , Werneuchen , Höhenland , Heckelberg-Brunow and Falkenberg (Mark) . It cuts through the Barnim in a north-south direction and in it the forest area between Hirschfelde and Sternebeck . The northern part of the channel, located between arable land, is also covered with forest.

Emergence

In contrast to the neighboring Buckower Rinne , the Gamengrund emerged from a tunnel valley in which meltwater from the ice sheet above made its way under the ice. With the collapse of the ice sheet, blocks of dead ice collected in the channel and created depressions in which today's lakes were formed.

landscape

The gutter has several depressions with no above-ground drainage. In some depressions the water forms lakes, but some hollows do not contain a lake. Only the southernmost part of the Gamengrund has surface drainage; this is where the Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ , a tributary of the Spree , begins . In the Gamengrund there are around 14 Rinnenseen , not a few of them elongated and narrow. The middle sea ( 77.9  m above sea  level ) at Tiefensee has the highest water level . The lowest water level has the Fängersee, through which the Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ flows, in the far south, at 61  m above sea level. NHN , and the northern Gamensee in the far north.

Names

In most of today's maps you will find two lakes of the same name, one Langen See south of Leuenberg and one north, a Gamensee (near Tiefensee) near Tiefensee and one in the north of the Rinne near Krummenpfahl . In the 18th century these names were avoided; In the Schmettauschen map series , created between 1767 and 1787, today's southern “Gahmensee” is referred to as “Jamsee”, and the southern “Lange See” is called “Langer Haus-See”. The latter distinction was taken up again in 2016 by the Brandenburg State Office for the Environment , so that the lake south of Leuenberg is now called Langer Haussee .

Hydrology

The superficially drainless area (code 58279521) around (southern) Gamensee, Mittelsee and Langen Haussee belongs to the water supply of the Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ and is therefore located southwest of the watershed between Elbe and Oder . This watershed is located to the south for the precipitation, but in the movement of deeper groundwater layers northeast of the Röthsee: There is a separating layer between near-surface ("1st aquifer", corresponds, where proven, to the water level of the lakes) and deep water-bearing layers. The southern part is monitored by the Stöbber - Erpe water and soil association , the northern part, i.e. facing the Oder, by the Finowfließ water and soil association .

Social history

On August 24, 1941, around 50 anti-fascists met in a conspiratorial manner in the Blumenthaler Forst near the Gamensee to discuss ways of resisting the Nazi regime . Many of them were arrested in 1942 because there was a Gestapo member among them . The four initiators of the meeting, the communists Josef Römer , Willy Sachse , Fritz Riedel and Kurt Ritter were murdered in 1944. In 1974 a memorial stone was set for them in Gamengrund by VdN members.

tourism

The (southern) Gamensee in Gamengrund

Fontane already describes the summer vacation in the romantic Gamengrund in his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg under Werneuchen . He also devotes a separate chapter to the Blumenthal on the eastern bank of the Gamensee (the name comes from the abundance of flowers in this forest landscape) and the town center . The Gamengrund is still a popular route for hikes and bike tours today, as it can be easily reached from nearby Berlin by regional train from Berlin-Lichtenberg station to Werneuchen or via the B 158 . The 66-Lakes Regional Park Route leads with the Tour 7 section through the Gamengrund. The Tiefensee – Sternebeck railway line has been accessible with draisines since 2005 .

literature

  • Kurt Kretschmann : Landscape protection area Gamengrund-Seenrinne , VEB Bibliographisches Institut, 1957.
  • Gerd W. Lutze, Natural Areas and Landscapes in Brandenburg and Berlin: Structure, Genesis and Use , be.bra-verlag, June 2014, ISBN 978-3-95410-030-9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture of the State of Brandenburg: Geoinformation - Water (A large part of the data sets can only be read with a special program.)
  2. ↑ Water and soil association "Stöbber-Erpe"
  3. ↑ Erich Kundel: The monument in the Gamengrund . In: Horst Jäkel (ed.): DDR unforgotten . Schkeuditz 2016, ISBN 978-3-89819-430-3 , p. 64.