Herzberg (Elster)
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ' N , 13 ° 14' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Brandenburg | |
County : | Elbe Elster | |
Height : | 81 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 149 km 2 | |
Residents: | 8917 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 60 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 04916 | |
Area code : | 03535 | |
License plate : | EE, FI, LIB | |
Community key : | 12 0 62 224 | |
City administration address : |
Markt 1 04916 Herzberg (Elster) |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Karsten Eule-Prütz (independent) | |
Location of the district town of Herzberg (Elster) in the Elbe-Elster district | ||
Herzberg (Elster) is the district town in the west of the Elbe-Elster district in Brandenburg . Herzberg (Elster) is a member of the “Cities with Historic Town Centers” working group of the State of Brandenburg. It forms one of the three middle centers of the district.
geography
Herzberg lies in the lowlands formed by the Black Elster , full of streams and rivers. This landscape continues in particular to the west (towards the Elbe ) and south.
Geographical location
The city of Herzberg is located on the Black Elster about 90 km south of Berlin on the border with Saxony-Anhalt and Saxony . The geographical border triangle is located in the district of Züllsdorf . The B 87 and B 101 meet in Herzberg .
Neighboring communities
Herzberg borders the following municipalities (clockwise, starting from the north): Schönewalde , Kremitzaue , Schlieben , Uebigau-Wahrenbrück , Falkenberg / Elster , Beilrode and Annaburg .
City structure
According to the main statute, the urban area includes:
- the core town of Herzberg (Elster) with the inhabited parts of the municipality Bicking , Frauenhorst , Friedrichsluga and Neunaundorf
as well as the districts
- Arnsnesta
- Bark
- Buckau
- Fermerswalde
- Friedersdorf
- Graefendorf
- Löhsten
- Mahdel
- Osteroda with the inhabited part of the municipality Redlin
- Rahnisdorf
- Züllsdorf
In addition, there are the residential areas Alt Herzberg , Grochwitz , Kaxdorf , Kleinesee and Waldmühle .
Incorporations
On July 1, 1950, two former parishes were incorporated. Neunaundorf followed on January 1, 1960. On January 1, 1974 three more places were added. Finally, on December 31, 2001, a total of ten places were incorporated.
Former parish | date | annotation |
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Old Herzberg | 10/01/1938 | |
Arnsnesta | December 31, 2001 | |
Bicking | 01/01/1974 | |
Bark | December 31, 2001 | |
Buckau | December 31, 2001 | |
Fermerswalde | December 31, 2001 | |
Frauenhorst | 01/01/1974 | |
Friedersdorf | December 31, 2001 | |
Friedrichsluga | 01/01/1974 | |
Graefendorf | December 31, 2001 | |
Grochwitz | 07/01/1950 | |
Kaxdorf | 07/01/1950 | |
Löhsten | December 31, 2001 | |
Mahdel | December 31, 2001 | |
Neunaundorf | 01/01/1960 | |
Osteroda | December 31, 2001 | |
Rahnisdorf | December 31, 2001 | |
Redlin | March 22, 1970 | Incorporation to Osteroda |
Züllsdorf | December 31, 2001 |
Surname
The place was first referred to as Hirthsbergh , then Hirzberg . This was derived from * Hirschberg , from the deer . This is still the heraldic animal of the city. Later the name became Herzberg .
history
middle Ages
The oldest mention of the place is from 1239. Archaeological and dendrochronological studies suggest that it was formed around 1215. However, for a long time a document was referred to, according to which the place supposedly already existed in 1184. A review of the information revealed that the document in question does not exist and that Herzberg only played an important role in the region much later.
Count Friedrich II. Von Brehna initially only had the patronage of the area, later he took it as a settled fief in his possession. It was probably Dutch hydraulic engineers who dug ditches and walls around the city in order to expand and fortify the city; it was Lapine, Mühlgraben, north and south promenade.
After the death of Count Otto III. (IV.) Brehna († 1290) transferred King Rudolf on 31 August 1290, the county Brehna with the city of Herzberg as a completed fief to the Wettiner in Wittenberg, the Askanierherzog Rudolf I. The citizenship procured it, the city as a spa town Prince to assume.
In 1361 the city of Herzberg acquired the privilege of running the salt market. The medieval long-distance trade from Leipzig via Torgau led past Herzberg to Frankfurt / Oder . In 1467 the city acquired jurisdiction over neck and hand from the elector. The city had freedom of escort in the entire Electorate of Saxony , but in 1558 leased the “Haupt und Beigeleit” on the Leipzig – Frankfurt / Oder road.
16th to 18th century
As early as 1522, the Protestant service in German was introduced by Johannes Wagner. In 1538, Philipp Melanchthon wrote school regulations for the grammar school located here, which were adopted throughout Germany in the course of the 16th century.
Herzberg is one of the few German cities that could not be conquered during the Thirty Years' War from 1618 to 1648 due to an extensive river and rift system.
A city fire destroyed large parts of the town in 1757.
19th century
With the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Herzberg came to the Kingdom of Prussia in the province of Saxony . In 1816 it became the district town of the newly formed Schweinitz district .
Weimar Republic and the Nazi era
The NSDAP did not run for the election of the Herzberg city parliament in 1929, although there was a local group from 1924 on. Mayor was Walter Sourell of the German National People's Party until 1933. In the election to the Reichstag in 1933, the NSDAP received 57.7 percent of the vote.
Germany transmitter III 1939–1945
Herzberg was the location of the German broadcaster III from 1939 to 1945 . The transmitter spread on long wave 191 kHz, the program of the Germany transmitter . A guyed , self-radiating transmission mast , which was 325 meters high without roof capacity, served as the antenna . At the top it carried a 4 meter high lenticular roof capacity with a diameter of 25 meters, which was accessible from the inside.
Since this mast also stood on an 8 meter high voting house, the entire construction was 337 meters high and at that time was the second tallest structure on earth. It was also noteworthy that this mast had no flight safety lights. Instead, during the night, its top was illuminated by three rotating spotlights mounted on small masts . In an air raid on April 21, 1945, the Deutschlandsender III was badly damaged and thus unusable, although the mast remained undamaged. After the end of the war , the entire technical equipment was dismantled by Red Army troops and civilians who had been called in. Remains of the transmitter are still there today. In addition, the street name "Am Sender" and the housing estate of the employees that has been preserved there is a reminder of the former location of the Deutschlandsender III. It is not known where the mast was rebuilt. Occasionally it is claimed that it was rebuilt in Raszyn , but there is no concrete evidence.
Since 1945
With the reorganization of the districts and districts in the GDR in 1952, Herzberg remained the district town of the newly founded Herzberg district in the Cottbus district .
In 1990 it was incorporated into the new federal state of Brandenburg , although historically it would actually have belonged to Saxony-Anhalt . Since the district reform in 1993 , Herzberg has been the district town of the Elbe-Elster district.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Herzberg consists of 18 city councilors and the full-time mayor.
Party / group of voters | Seats |
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Rural voter group district town of Herzberg | 8th |
Herzberg's voter group counts | 4th |
CDU | 2 |
AfD | 2 |
SPD | 1 |
Individual applicant Mario Lehmann | 1 |
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019)
mayor
- 1994–2018: Michael Oecknigk (CDU)
- since 2018: Karsten Eule-Prütz (independent)
Eule-Prütz was elected in the mayoral election on September 24, 2017 with 63.7 percent of the valid votes for a term of office of eight years. He took office on January 6, 2018.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on January 19, 1993.
Blazon : "In silver on a green three-mountain, a striding red stag (with 12 ends)."
Town twinning
Sister cities of Herzberg are:
- Büdingen in Hesse
- Świebodzin in Poland
- Dixon (Illinois) in the USA
- Soest in North Rhine-Westphalia
Sights and culture
In the list of architectural monuments in Herzberg (Elster) and in the list of ground monuments in Herzberg (Elster) are the cultural monuments entered in the list of monuments of the State of Brandenburg.
Buildings
- St. Mary's Church with valuable ceiling paintings and restored organ
- Catholic Church
- Apostolic Church
- St. Catherine's Church
- Altherzberg village church
- town hall
- Germania, also known as the "Iron Lady"
- Philipp Melanchthon High School
- Water tower with observatory
- Zeiss planetarium
- City park with miracle stone and monument to Bold
- Botanical Garden and Villa Marx
- Park and Grochwitz Castle
- Volunteer firefighter
- Historic city center
Parks
- Botanical Garden
- Animal park
- city Park
- The nearby Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park is of great tourist interest. Herzberg is the starting point and destination of bike tours.
Regular events
Every year on the first weekend in May the "Herzberger Tierparkfest" takes place. Every September, hundreds of astronomy enthusiasts with their telescopes meet not far from the city for the " Herzberger Telescope Meeting ". Since 2011, the Botanical Garden has been the venue for the Pfingstrock Open Air on Whitsunday, where well-known national and international artists perform.
Economy and Infrastructure
Middle center
In the Berlin-Brandenburg state development plan of March 31, 2009, Herzberg and the surrounding area were defined as a separate medium-sized center . The other two centers in the district are Finsterwalde and Elsterwerda / Bad Liebenwerda, with a division of functions.
traffic
Herzberg is the intersection of federal road 87 ( Torgau - Luckau ) and federal road 101 ( Jüterbog - Bad Liebenwerda ).
The Herzberg (Elster) station (formerly Herzberg (Elster) West ) is about two kilometers from the center and is on the Jüterbog – Röderau railway line and is served by the RE 3 Stralsund – Berlin – Falkenberg and RB 43 Cottbus – Falkenberg (- Herzberg) lines .
There was also the Herzberg (Elster) Stadt train station on the Falkenberg – Beeskow railway line . Passenger traffic was stopped in 1998. From 2006 to 2008 the Elbe-Spreewald-Kurier and the Elbe-Elster-Express operated by the private railway company DRE Transport GmbH operated here in the summer half-year .
Sports
- Municipal swimming pool
- Football club (VfB Herzberg 68)
- Handball club (SV Herzberg)
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- 2009, July 16: Horst Gutsche (* 1936), awarded for his publications on regional history, especially in the field of coin science
- 2009, July 16: Helmut Knuppe (1924–2012), awarded for his publications on regional history
- 2009, July 16: Jules August Schröder (* 1934), local politician in Büdingen , awarded for his support in the training of young people from Herzberg in Büdingen after the fall of the Wall
- 2009, July 16: Paul Sellmann (* 1933), politician ( CDU ) from Höxter , awarded for his commitment to rebuilding the administration after the fall of the Wall and his commitment to the construction of the district hospital
sons and daughters of the town
- Johannes Clajus (1535–1592), Protestant theologian, creator of modern German grammar
- Andreas Hartmann (1560–1593), playwright
- Georg Christian Schemelli (1676 / 1680–1762), cantor, author of a hymn book
- Johann Gottlieb Drasdo (1753–1819), Lutheran theologian
- Carl Immanuel Gerhardt (1816–1899), mathematician
- Louise von François (1817-1893), writer
- Karl Gustav Heiland (1817–1868), classical philologist
- Wilhelm von Livonius (1840–1905), Prussian officer
- Richard von Funck (1841–1906), Prussian infantry general
- Anna Glaß (pseudonym Anna Fischer-Löher) (1857–1897), writer
- Karl Michaelis (1868–?), Writer
- Hugo Kaiser (1869–?), Writer
- Werner Janensch (1878–1969), paleontologist and geologist
- Eugen Rahnenführer (1886–1958), doctor and numismatist
- Heinz Plavius (1929–1985), Germanist
- Wolfgang Arendt (* 1950), mathematician
- Siegfried Kasparick (1955–2016), Protestant theologian
- Frank Kutzsch (* 1956), strength athlete
- Iris Schülzke (* 1959), politician (independent)
- Steffen Zesner (* 1967), swimmer
Personalities associated with Herzberg
- Philipp Melanchthon (1497–1560), Protestant reformer, 1538 author of the first school regulations for the Latin High School in Herzberg
- Christoph Schlegel (1613–1678), superintendent 1660 to 1662
- Johann Michael Strauss (1628–1692), superintendent 1663 to 1668
- Adam Herold (1659–1711), superintendent 1689 to 1692
- Traugott August Seyffarth (1762–1831), superintendent 1809 to 1812
- Friedrich August Moschütz (around 1805 – after 1869), organ builder in Herzberg from 1834 to 1869
- Karl Pallas (1860–1933), pastor and local history researcher; worked in Herzberg from 1887 to 1913
- Otto Böhme (1876–1956), took over the official business of the district administrator from 1939 to 1945 in Herzberg
- Norbert Hering (1907–1991), District Administrator 1942 to 1945
literature
- Joh. Christian Schulze, Carl Gottlieb Caspar: Chronicle of the former Chur and current district town of Herzberg ; Herzberg 1842
- Karl Pallas : History of the city of Herzberg in the Schweinitzer district ; Herzberg 1901
- Herzberg. In: Berent Schwineköper (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 11: Province of Saxony Anhalt (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 314). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-520-31402-9 , pp. 209ff.
- Kultur- und Heimatverein Herzberg (Elster) eV (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the district / region Herzberg , new series; Herzberg: BücherKammer, 1991ff
- Sybille Gramlich, Irmelin Küttner: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Brandenburg 7.1 = The city of Herzberg / Elster and the offices of Falkenberg / Uebigau, Herzberg, Schlieben and Schönewalde . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 1998. ISBN 978-3-88462-152-3
- Ulf Lehmann, Sven Gückel: History of the city of Herzberg (Elster) in pictures . Books Chamber, Herzberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-940635-17-4 .
- Herzberg . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 4th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1817, pp. 42-46.
- Stephanie Kammer, Ulf Lehmann: Herzberg under the swastika. Photos. Facts. Documents. Verlag Bücherkammer, Herzberg 2019, ISBN 978-3-940635-62-4
Web links
- Herzberg (Elster), Herzberg / Elster in the genealogical directory
- www.herzberg-elster.de
- Link catalog on the topic of Herzberg (Elster) at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ City of Herzberg (Elster): Main statute of the city of Herzberg (Elster) . February 18, 2009, § 1 Name and area of the municipality, p. 1 ( verwaltungsportal.de [PDF; 182 kB ; accessed on June 15, 2018]).
- ↑ City of Herzberg (Elster) - districts according to § 45 municipal constitution - inhabited districts - living spaces. In: service.brandenburg.de. Ministry of the Interior and Local Affairs of the State of Brandenburg, January 8, 2018, accessed on June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states ; Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995; ISBN 3-8246-0321-7
- ^ Sven Gückel: Museum director corrects the founding date of the city of Herzberg. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. July 16, 2009, accessed June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ Stephanie Kammer, Ulf Lehmann: Herzberg under the swastika. Photos. Facts. Documents. Verlag Bücherkammer, Herzberg 2019, ISBN 978-3-940635-62-4 .
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Elbe-Elster district. Pp. 18-21.
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical Report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December).
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019.
- ↑ a b Michael Oecknigk is not running for mayoral election. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . April 29, 2017.
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 24, 2017.
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ↑ a b c d honorary citizen on herzberg-elster.de
- ^ Andreas Hartmann, First Part of the Curriculi Vitae Lutheri (1600). In: Detlef Metz: The Protestant Drama. Evangelical spiritual theater in the Reformation and in the confessional age. Böhlau, Cologne 2013, p. 673.
- ↑ Anna Glaß on literaturport.de
- ^ Karl Michaelis on literaturport.de
- ^ Hugo Kaiser on literaturport.de