Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park
| Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park | |||
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| Location: | Brandenburg , Germany | ||
| Next city: | Bad Liebenwerda | ||
| Surface: | 484 km² | ||
| Founding: | May 24, 1996 | ||
| Address: | Nature park administration Am Markt 20 |
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In the south, where Brandenburg's oldest landscape can be found, the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park extends over an area of around 484 km². Formed by the Saale Ice Age, which ended around 180,000 years ago , in addition to ground moraines and terminal moraines , the glacial valley and sand areas still shape the landscape today. The natural lakes left behind by the Ice Age have long since silted up, so that the water bodies that exist today were all created by human hands. In the south of the nature park, the Schwarze Elster flows through the Lower Lusatian glacial valley. Large contiguous forest areas extend on sandy plateaus in the north.
Thick layers of brown coal can be found under the ice age deposits, some of which reached the surface. By “digging for the black gold”, “cultural landscapes” with a sometimes bizarre appearance have been created over the past hundred years. In many places, valuable habitats for specialized animal and plant species were created. In the areas where the opencast mine has been rehabilitated, visitors will find attractive recreational areas today, but also second-hand natural paradises.
General
| Overall size: | 484.3 km² |
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| Forest | 42.4% |
| Agricultural area: | 41.8% |
| Settlement area: | 6.2% |
| Lakes, rivers and moors: | 2.2% |
| Post-mining landscape : | 2.9% |
| Others: | 4.5% |
- 13 nature reserves: 93.78 km²
- 7 protected landscape areas: 212.65 km²
- 11 area natural monuments
- Highest point: Güterbank near Elsterwerda (153 m)
- Urban centers in and around the nature park: Bad Liebenwerda , Elsterwerda , Wahrenbrück , Doberlug-Kirchhain , Finsterwalde , Lauchhammer
- Distance to Dresden and Cottbus: approx. 70 km
- Distance to Berlin and Leipzig: approx. 100 km
Since December 2008, information boards have been pointing to the nature park on the A 13 .
natural reserve
Nature reserves
So far, 13 nature reserves have been designated in the nature park.
The core of the nature park is the Forsthaus Prösa nature reserve . Among other things, there are large contiguous sessile oak forests here . In the middle of this forest complex there are two large open areas with calluna heather and silver grass corridors that have arisen from about 30 years of military use of the area. To the east there is a fen area . In the past, small areas of clay were mined here for the local pottery trade. Today it is the mining of peat for the rheumatism clinic in Bad Liebenwerda that influences the area through the extraction of raw materials and the creation of further open water bodies.
With an area of 21 ha, the nature reserve Kleine Wiesen - An den Horsten bei Kahla is the first protected area designated by the Elbe-Elster district itself. The area is located in the south of the nature park and includes, among other things, a wet meadow complex with springs and orchids, which has become rare in this form . In addition to 29 proven breeding bird species, such as the 16-18 cm large red- backed shrimp , which is on the Red List of Endangered Animal and Plant Species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) , there is a species-rich grasshopper - , Beetle and butterfly fauna . The basis of the protected area is formed by the occurrence of typical character species of the biotopes of moist, nutrient-poor grassland locations. Occurrences include the trembling grass , the small rattlespot , the devil's bite , the cuckoo's light carnation , the swamp yarrow , the lung gentian , spotted orchid and the caraway-leaved silge .
In the south-east of the nature park, between the nature park communities of Gorden , Hohenleipisch , Döllingen and Grünewalde, there is the legendary Loben moorland , whose peat has been used for medical treatments in the Bad Liebenwerda spa clinic since 1904. In addition, to the north of Hohenleipisch you can find the NSG Hohenleipisch , which is adjacent to the praising , which was built on the site of a former ammunition factory, which was still used militarily by the Soviet Red Army after the Second World War until the political change in the GDR .
Other nature reserves are the Seewald , the Welkteich , the south , the old Roeder at Prieschka , the NSG Schadewitz , the NSG Hohewarte northwest of Doberlug-Kirchhain, the NSG Buchenwald and located in the former open pit Kleinleipisch located NSG green house , which from the NABU - Foundation "National Natural Heritage" is looked after.
tourism
Permanent exhibition erlebnisREICH nature park in Doberlug Castle
In 2018, the new visitor information center and the interactive permanent exhibition "erlebnisREICH Naturpark" opened in Doberlug Castle in Doberlug-Kirchhain .
Here visitors can find out more about the history and changes in the landscape in the nature park in a multimedia exhibition.
The exhibition by the Berlin architecture firm "Stories within Architecture" received the Red Dot Award: Communication Design in 2018 and the German Design Award in 2019 .
Info point nature park house
The nature park visitor information center is located in the nature park house in Bad Liebenwerda. It used to be a residential building, and from the 19th century it was a royal forest ranger's office. Today the house is open to everyone and represents the beauties and peculiarities of the landscape of the nature park on about 80 m 2 . A model of the Rothstein rock is also intended for climbing. A memory with eight different apple varieties gives a little insight into the variety of varieties. Stories from the north or south of the nature park can be told in the appropriate dialects on the chat benches. Even today, a language border runs through the middle of the nature park. In this middle, a large forest complex, today's nature reserve "Forsthaus Prösa" was once home to the capercaillie (logo of the nature park). An impression of this large bird can be obtained from the preparations of the rooster, hen and chick. There are also the rooster mating calls and information about this endangered species.
Pomological show and teaching garden
The “Pomological Show and Teaching Garden” in Döllingen - a living fruit-growing museum, has become the center of the former and present-day orchards region . The term pomology comes from Latin and means something like the "science of fruit growing".
Over 150 old and newer main types of fruit, such as apples, pears, cherries and plums and also so-called additional fruits, such as nuts and peaches grow here on an area of three hectares. Here you can follow the development of the fruit trees from their wild form to the latest cultivars and also look at different growth and crown forms. Not every type of fruit tree blooms at the same time, so you can experience a special kind of blooming calendar. Fruit fields and orchards demonstrate different traditional cultivation methods. Visitors can get advice here and find out about the characteristics of the variety.
This project was initiated and supervised by the "Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park" and the " Naturschutzbund Deutschland - Fachgruppe Streuobst". The sponsor is the "Landscape Management Association of Schradengemeinden eV"
Nature park community of the year
The title "Nature Park Community of the Year" has been advertised by the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park since 1999. All municipalities and districts of the settlement area can take part in this competition.
The selection is based on the following criteria:
- practical implementation of nature-friendly tourism
- Preservation of the cultural and natural heritage
- planned village renewal according to ecological principles
- Integration of the place into the landscape
- Support of ecological forms of economy and regional marketing
- Activities of the local people.
The winner of the competition is announced at the nature park festival, which takes place annually in the previous year's winning community. Previous winning communities are Grünewalde (1999), Oppelhain (2000), Döllingen (2001), Maasdorf (2002), Theisa (2003), Werenzhain (2004), Grünewalde (2005), Lugau (2006), Maasdorf (2007), Buchhain ( 2008), Rückersdorf (2009), Hohenleipisch (2010), Domsdorf (2011), Grünewalde (2012), Gorden-Staupitz (2013), Prestewitz (2014), Werenzhain (2015), Dobra (2016), Sorno (2017) and Kraupa .
Footnotes and individual references
- ↑ New exhibition - multimedia to discover nature. Förderverein Naturpark Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft eV, April 5, 2018, accessed on February 7, 2019 .
- ↑ Design prizes for the Doberluger nature park adventure exhibition. Förderverein Naturpark Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft eV, November 5, 2018, accessed on February 7, 2019 .
- ↑ Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park in the Brandenburg State Environment Agency in cooperation with the town of Grünewalde (publisher): "Naturparkgemeinde Grünewalde" . 2006.
- ↑ Nature Park Community of the year 2016. Förderverein Naturpark Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft eV, accessed on October 20, 2016 .
- ^ Lieutenant for Sorno. Lausitzer Rundschau, December 22, 2017, accessed on February 7, 2019 .
- ↑ "I have never seen an application like this before". Lausitzer Rundschau, June 12, 2018, accessed on February 7, 2019 .
See also
Web links
- Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park at the Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Consumer Protection of the State of Brandenburg
- Nature park homepage of the association “Naturpark Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft” eV
- Homepage Pomological Garden
See also: Tourism in Brandenburg