Bad Liebenwerda
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Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ' N , 13 ° 24' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Elbe Elster | |
| Association municipality: | Liebenwerda | |
| Height : | 86 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 138.88 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 9140 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 66 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 04924, 04895 (Burxdorf) , 04931 (Kosilenzien, Langenrieth, Möglenz, Neuburxdorf) |
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| Area code : | 035341 | |
| License plate : | EE, FI, LIB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 62 024 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BQB | |
| City structure: | 15 districts | |
City administration address : |
Markt 1 04924 Bad Liebenwerda |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Johannes Berger (Free Voters) | |
| Location of the city of Bad Liebenwerda in the Elbe-Elster district | ||
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Bad Liebenwerda is a spa town in the Elbe-Elster district in the state of Brandenburg . It has a spa clinic for rheumatology and orthopedics, a psychotherapeutic clinic and a spa center ("Lausitztherme Wonnemar"). The city is striving for further development as a spa and relaxation center.
geography
Bad Liebenwerda is about 60 kilometers northwest of Dresden and about 75 km east of Leipzig on the Black Elster .
Neighboring communities
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Neighboring towns of Bad Liebenwerda are the towns of Elsterwerda , Mühlberg and Uebigau-Wahrenbrück as well as the communities of Röderland and Elsterland . Along the state border with the Free State of Saxony , Bad Liebenwerda borders the territory of the city of Gröditz and the municipality of Zeithain .
climate
Bad Liebenwerda, with its humid climate, lies in the cool, temperate climate zone , but a transition to the continental climate is noticeable. The next weather station is about 20 km northeast in Doberlug-Kirchhain .
City structure
In addition to the original city area, the urban area includes the districts Burxdorf , Dobra , Kosilenzien , Kröbeln , Langenrieth , Lausitz , Maasdorf , Möglenz , Neuburxdorf , Oschätze , Prieschka , Thalberg , Theisa , Zeischa and Zobersdorf .
In addition, there are the residential areas at Am Holzplan, Heideschlößchen, Knissen , Obermühle, Schumpe, Siedlung, Teichgut Mittelhausen , Teichhäuser , Untermühle, vineyards and brick houses .
history
Place name
Liebenwerda consists of two sub-words. Lib or Liv means as much as love or life. The word -werda is derived from werder , which means an island or an elevation.
The place name had different spellings over time: 1231 Lievenwerde (in the first documentary mention), 1243 Liuenwerde , 1253 Livenwerde , 1301 Liebenwerde , 1304 Liuenwerde , 1347 Lybenwerde , 1375 Liebenwerde , 1505 Liebenwerd and 1550 Libenwerda .
On 9 January 1925, the city was by the Prussian State Ministry in Bad Liebenwerda renamed. The Deutsche Reichsbahn followed suit with the renaming of Liebenwerda station in Bad Liebenwerda on July 1, 1925.
History of the city
Early history, city founding and the Middle Ages
Little is known about the origins of the city of Liebenwerda. There are assumptions about a Slavic pre-settlement of the urban area, for which there is no clear archaeological evidence so far. A document made in Liebenwerda in 1231 is the first historical proof of the existence of the place. The incumbent bailiff of the Margrave of Meißen , Otto von Ileburg , had the document drawn up in which stipulations were made to settle a dispute with the Dobrilugk monastery, which was founded between 1165 and 1184 . Otto von Ileburg was mentioned as advocatus in Lievenwerde . Since a Walterus plebanus in lievenverde (translated from Latin : people priest Walter in Liebenwerda) was listed as one of the witnesses, this suggests a settlement with a church. It was established under the protection of a dating from the 12th or 13th century castle , which was located on the island Elster, whose oldest evidence in order erected in 1207 still preserved keep that Lubwartturm Tower is.
Nothing specific is known about the granting of city rights . However, in 1304 Liebenwerda was first referred to as a city in a document with in nostre civitate Lievenwerde . In a document from Duke and Elector Rudolf II from 1367, the existence of craft guilds , the Nikolaikirche , three chapels at the gates of the city, a Latin school and a stone dam were reported. The elector had ruled Liebenwerda since 1360. At that time, Liebenwerda was a regionally important place of pilgrimage on Niederstrasse , and the city's religious places of worship were furnished with altars by foundations of wealthy nobles. Towards the end of the 15th century, the town church had seven other altars in addition to the Beatae Virginis Mariae altar . A miraculous image of Mary in the chapel of the Holy Cross at Luckauer Tor attracted pilgrims from everywhere, and numerous shrines and relics from the holy land , which the Elector Rudolf III. and Frederick the Wise donated, ensured a growing number of pilgrims who came to the city on the pilgrimage route leading north into the city, among other things . In addition, there were over 60 relics in the castle chapel. Other chapels were St. Barbara , which was presumably located at the Hayn Gate , and Our Lady . The location of this chapel, mentioned several times in documents and official accounts, is assumed to be near the former Torgauer Tor . These chapels fell into disrepair after the Reformation and were later demolished.
Towards the end of the 14th century, the city passed into the possession of the Saxon dukes , and it became the administrative center of the newly formed Saxon Liebenwerda office , which included the former Ileburg dominions of Liebenwerda, Wahrenbrück and Uebigau . At this time, a lively market activity had already developed in Liebenwerda, which brought the city considerable income. The market days, which existed up into the first decades of the 20th century, arose primarily from the days of pilgrimage and indulgence and promoted the economic life of the city. After the death of Albrecht III. In 1422 his widow Ephigenia Offigka (Offka) received Liebenwerda Castle as a personal property .
Early modern age
After the beginning of the Reformation , Martin Luther met in Liebenwerda in 1519 with the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz for a dispute, which, like a previous meeting in Altenburg , remained fruitless. After the Reformation had been implemented, Martinus Gilbert de Spaignart was appointed parish priest in 1545 and then Liebenwerda's first superintendent in 1555 on the recommendation of Luther and Melanchthon . From 1567 to 1573 Georg Lysthenius was superintendent in Liebenwerda, who later had a decisive influence as court preacher on the Elector of Saxony and the development of the Reformation. The three suburbs also emerged during this period. The Luckauische Vorstadt extended from the Luckauer Tor to the Elsterbrücke. The location of the now demolished gate can still be recognized today by an indented row of houses. The Hainsche suburb began at the confluence of the Südring in the Hainsche Straße and ran over some buildings in the direction of Zobersdorf. The location of this former gate can also be seen from the course of the house front. The Torgauer Vorstadt stretched from the intersection of Nordring / Südring and Torgauer Straße to Fischergasse. In 1558 the council acquired the jurisdiction. The sentences were passed in the market square, while the executions were carried out in front of the city. A stone wreath embedded in the pavement between the town hall and the church is a reminder of this place.
In August and September 1621 the city had a kipper mint (lease coin), in which interim coins (kipper coins) were struck under mint master Jobst Wenighausen. The short duration of its existence is probably due in no small part to the poor quality of the coins struck there. Known are 12 Kreuzer pieces with the mint master mark L and LW.
The city suffered severe devastation during the Thirty Years' War . On May 26, 1634 soldiers passing through plundered the city. After setting fire to the church, castle, town hall and houses, they demanded that Mayor Elias Borßdorff hand over the city treasury and a contribution of 25,000 thalers . After the latter refused any demands, they tied him up and, according to unconfirmed traditions, dragged him to death at Zeischa tied to horses. His grave has been preserved there to the present day, and the town hall bell rings in his memory every evening at 9:50 p.m.
The city was hit particularly hard in 1637, when the Swedish troops of General Banér settled in not far away Torgau in January, roamed, plundered and set fire to the adjacent Elbe-Elster area. On January 31, 1637, Liebenwerda fell victim to a conflagration caused by a sutler boy . The city was almost completely cremated, and only a few huts in the corner of the city were spared. Traces of the war were still visible until the 18th century. In addition, there were plague epidemics during this time, which claimed their victims in the city after 1584 and 1599, especially 1633, 1652 and 1663. During this time the legend of the shepherd girl Barbara was born . She tells of the daughter of the former town shepherd, who was able to cure those suffering from the plague with the water of the Black Elster during this time . In 1733 a fire destroyed the castle. The citizens then only rebuilt individual buildings. In the Seven Years' War , Prussian troops demanded a contribution of 6,000 thalers.
Around 1800 the Superintendent Seiffarth set up an institute for the free training of teachers, which also trained teachers from the Hayn Inspectorate . In 1806 there were 214 houses in Liebenwerda. The inhabitants lived from brewing, handicrafts (there were 214 masters in 1804), agriculture and trade. Every citizen of the city owned a part of the former manor fields. There were particularly many carpenters among the craftsmen whose goods were sold to Dresden, Torgau and Lorenzkirch . There were also 3 cloth makers and 37 linen weavers . Also potash produced and sold here. In 1804, agriculture produced around 400 shock grains, 50 shock wheat, 90 shock millet, 1,800 shock potatoes and 600 shock oats, but this could not fully cover the city's annual requirements. The in interest village drawn winter herb wintered in Liebenwerda with reed mats and was sold after maturity along with other kitchen herbs and vegetables to Dresden. At that time there were four annual and cattle markets, wool markets and, as in Uebigau and Wahrenbrück, flax markets .
During the Wars of Liberation in 1813, the area around Liebenwerda experienced massive troop movements by French and Prussian war units. Shortly before the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the corps of Generals Dobschütz and Tauentzien with 30,000 men took quarters in the city for ten days. Around the same time, from September 28 to 30, 1813, Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher's corps with 30,000 men was encamped in nearby Elsterwerda and Kotschka .
From the Congress of Vienna to the end of the Second World War
As a result of the provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Liebenwerda came from the Kingdom of Saxony to the Kingdom of Prussia and was now part of the Merseburg administrative district of the Prussian province of Saxony . Liebenwerda became the administrative center of the newly founded Liebenwerda district , which remained until the district reform of 1993. District chief Freiherr von Rechenberg was appointed to his office as the first district administrator in 1816. At that time, the district consisted of the six towns of Liebenwerda, Elsterwerda, Mühlberg, Ortrand, Wahrenbrück and Uebigau as well as 82 villages, 20 farms , 5 colonies and 22 manors . In 1852, construction work began at Zeischa to regulate the Black Elster. The river got its current bed by 1861 and was diked with dams.
The construction of the railway line was to be of great importance for the city. On June 1, 1874, the Upper Lusatian Railway from Kohlfurt via Liebenwerda to Falkenberg / Elster (later to Wittenberg ) was put into operation. Originally, the line was to lead past the city to the south and the station was to be built on the urban corridor. The city wanted to provide 20 acres of land free of charge if these conditions were met . Since the conditions could not be met in the end, the city withdrew its offer and instead common shares to the value of 600 thalers were subscribed. In the same year the former fishing village Stadtwinkel was incorporated.
Under Mayor Paul Moritz Rose, an upward trend has taken place since he took office in 1883, industrialization of the city began and the population began to grow. In 1882 the surveyor Robert Reiss opened a mail order business for surveying instruments and office supplies in Bahnhofstrasse . The company developed into the market leader in the industry within a few years. In 1896 it began producing geodetic instruments and soon became one of the largest employers in the area. Two years later the first power station went into operation. In 1910 the company already had 440 employees. Other resident companies during this time included the drawing and measuring equipment factory Carl Weiland with 200 employees and the organ factory Arno Voigt. In 1912 parts of the neighboring town of Maasdorf were included in the city for a payment of 20,000 marks. In 1939 the village of Weinberge and the Dobra district of Neudobra followed.
From 1904, mud baths were administered in Liebenwerda to treat rheumatic ailments. The first bathing guest was a lady from Elsterwerda on December 12th in the almost completed new building of the Moorbad-Gesellschaft mbH , who was presented with a bouquet of flowers for the occasion. In the period that followed, the bathing business continued to develop. In 1905, 4,171 baths were administered, in 1912 it was 6,865. Since January 16, 1925, the city has had the title “ Bad ” after the Prussian State Ministry approved a renaming of the city on January 9, 1925 with the words “May the city face happy and blessed times under the new name!” .
In 1909 the water tower was built, which was blown up in 1988. The global economic crisis that began in 1929 also troubled companies from Liebenwerda and drove many of them to bankruptcy. In 1932 the city was marked by the total decline of its businesses.
The takeover of power by the National Socialists in 1933 also had an impact on Bad Liebenwerda. The NSDAP achieved 1,382 votes in the city's election on March 12, 1933, while the SPD had to be content with 269 and the KPD with 134 votes. After the trade unions were banned , the Nazis occupied their offices on May 2nd, and on June 1st the SA , SS and the Hitler Youth marched through Liebenwerdaer Bergstrasse. On August 24, 1935, the city council decided in a closed session, among other things, that craftsmen and business people could be excluded from awarding municipal contracts if Jews were involved in the awarding of contracts.
With the beginning of the Second World War , citizens of Liebenwerda were also called up for military service. Companies had to change their production. Soon prisoners of war were also working there , who had to replace the workers called up. The two bells of the town church were melted down in 1942 for armament purposes. The bronze figure of the Michel fountain followed in 1943. The following year at Pentecost, the city narrowly escaped a catastrophe when Allied bomber groups dropped 375 high explosive bombs over the city, most of which fell on the fields in the south of the city. A 70-year-old woman was killed, one house was completely destroyed and 35 houses were damaged.
The prisoner of war camp Stalag IV B was located in the corridor of the Neuburxdorf district from 1939 to 1945 . Of the total of around 300,000 prisoners of war, around 3,000, mostly Soviet soldiers, were killed. After the end of the war, the camp was used by the Soviet secret service NKVD as special camp No. 1 . About 6,700 of the 22,000 arbitrarily arrested people died in the NKVD camp and were buried in mass graves.
Post-war period and GDR
After the city was occupied by Red Army troops , on April 22, 1945, the Soviet city commander, Major Maksakov, had a city command and a provisional city council set up in the tax office building on Riesaer Strasse. After he stepped down on May 18, 1945, the plumber Artur Bluhm was appointed mayor. Before the Nazis came to power, he was the only communist city councilor. A new stream of resettlers reached the city in August. Most of them moved on. 1,700 of them stayed, and the city's population rose to 6,472 in October 1946. The Liebenwerda district court imposed draconian punishments during this time. In 1947, for example, the farmers Wilhelm Nussbeck, Wilhelm Jentzsch, Willy Thiemig and Hermann Dittmann were sentenced to 15 and 12 years in prison in an express court case because they had not fulfilled the milk delivery requirement and had sold 3,400 liters of milk themselves.
The following years were marked by reforms. The majority of the companies became public property. In 1955 their share was already 78 percent. After the land reform that began in 1945, agricultural production cooperatives were founded . The town's iron moor bath, which in 1946 again had 26,505 treatments, was taken over by the FDGB's social security system in 1955 . The festival week for 650 years of city rights took place from May 28 to June 5, 1954. The highlights of the Heimatfest were a large parade with the motto “Liebenwerda from the Middle Ages to the present” and a final fireworks display on Elsterdamm.
In 1957 the Elstertal workers' housing cooperative was founded in the city with 28 members at the time, and a new building area was built in the north of the city.
Due to the poor economic situation in the GDR, there were also problems in Bad Liebenwerda in the 1980s. The resident companies had to struggle with a lack of labor, a lack of foreign exchange and a lack of modernization. During the fall of the Wall in 1989, many Liebenwerda residents drove to the Monday demonstrations in Leipzig , and when the border in Berlin opened on November 9, 1989, a spontaneous street festival took place on November 10. The first activities of the civil rights movement had already started in Liebenwerda in October, and contacts to the New Forum and the SDP were established, and materials were organized and distributed. On December 5, the state security building in Liebenwerda was occupied and the rooms and safes were then sealed by the public prosecutor's office under the control of representatives of all parties and civil groups.
Recent past
After reunification , many companies in the city and the surrounding area went bankrupt. The mud bath was in accordance with the Unification Treaty until 1 January 1991 handled . The last spa patients left the clinic shortly before Christmas. Unemployment spread and many citizens went to western Germany to earn their living there. But new businesses also emerged. Business parks were planned and implemented in the fields in the west of the city. In the old town, the modernization of the historical building fabric began step by step. Streets and squares in town have been renewed. After the old people's home and clinic group Rolf Henning Mayer had taken over the former mud bath at the beginning of 1991 and invested more than 50 million DM in a new health clinic in the center of Bad Liebenwerda, everything was done to keep the status of health resort town . September 1994 as the first city in the state of Brandenburg to receive a temporary grant After a further temporary recognition in 1998, Bad Liebenwerda was finally awarded the title " Ort mit Peloidbetrieb" for an unlimited period in 2003 . Bad Liebenwerda has been a place of diversity since October 21, 2010 .
Although the city and district of Bad Liebenwerda never belonged to Brandenburg or the Prussian province of the same name , they were assigned to the re-established state of Brandenburg in 1990 by a district council resolution . In contrast, non-binding public surveys in advance had shown a clear preference for a return to Saxony . In the course of the district reform, the Elbe-Elster district was finally created in 1993 from the Bad Liebenwerda , Finsterwalde and Herzberg districts . Like Finsterwalde, Bad Liebenwerda lost its status as a district town. The district town of the new district was Herzberg . During the subsequent restructuring of the district administration, only the road traffic office remained in the city. In 2004, the city celebrated the 700th anniversary of Bad Liebenwerda town law during a week of festivities .
In March 2019, the city council decided that Bad Liebenwerda would merge with Falkenberg / Elster , Mühlberg / Elbe and Uebigau-Wahrenbrück (all districts of Elbe-Elster) to form the community of Liebenwerda on January 1, 2020 .
Incorporations
On December 6, 1993, the previously independent communities of Dobra , Kosilenzien , Kröbeln , Lausitz , Maasdorf , Möglenz , Neuburxdorf , Oschätze , Prieschka , Thalberg , Theisa , Zeischa and Zobersdorf were incorporated into Bad Liebenwerda.
Administrative affiliation
- 1499 Electorate of Saxony , Kurkreis
- 1807 Kingdom of Saxony , Wittenberg District
- 1816 Prussia, province of Saxony , Regierungsbezirk Merseburg , district Liebenwerda
- 1947 State of Saxony-Anhalt , district of Liebenwerda
- 1952 Cottbus district , Kreis Bad Liebenwerda
- 1990 State of Brandenburg, Bad Liebenwerda district
- 1993 State of Brandenburg, Elbe-Elster district
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
The strong increase in the number of inhabitants in 1993 is due to the incorporation of 13 places into Bad Liebenwerda.
Dialect and usage
Today's Liebenwerda dialect is part of the north-eastern dialect of the old Saxon language area, which developed under the influence of the Low German settlement of Saxony between the 11th and 13th centuries and is assigned to the Thuringian-Upper Saxon dialect group .
politics
City Council
The city council of Bad Liebenwerda consists of 18 city councilors and the mayor as a voting member. The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats with a turnout of 58.5%:
| Distribution of seats since the local elections on May 26, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
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| fraction | Strong voter group for the districts / city | CDU | AfD | The left | FDP | SPD | Single applicant Rico Gogolin | Alliance 90 / The Greens | |||||||||||
| be right | 2,585 | 2,505 | 2,066 | 1,943 | 1,888 | 1,592 | 517 | 433 | |||||||||||
| in percent | 18.9 | 18.3 | 15.1 | 14.2 | 13.8 | 11.6 | 3.8 | 3.2 | |||||||||||
| Seats | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
In Brandenburg, every voter has three votes in local elections, which he can distribute among the applicants for a nomination or different nominations.
mayor
- 2004–2019: Thomas Richter (CDU)
- since 2020: Johannes Berger (Free Voters)
Richter was elected in the mayoral election on June 3, 2012 with 63.8% of the valid votes for a further term of eight years. On January 1, 2020, he moved to the Liebenwerda community and became the mayor's first deputy.
Berger was elected honorary mayor by the city council on January 22, 2020.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In silver a windowless and goalless, tinned, pointed and kneaded blue round tower, covered with a silver shield with three (2: 1) red hearts inside." |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms appears for the first time in the seal of the city from 1487. The tower shown in the coat of arms shows the Lubwart tower of the former moated castle. The small shield possibly originally showed the coat of arms of the County of Brehna , whose three water lily leaves were later converted into hearts and thus created a talking image for the city name. According to other interpretations, the three hearts could refer to the three stars in the coat of arms of the Lords of Ileburg, who ruled Liebenwerda for a long time. |
The current coat of arms was approved on September 14, 1993.
Town twinning
Since 1990 there has been a town partnership with Lübbecke in North Rhine-Westphalia , which goes back to a long-term relationship between members of the Protestant parishes in both towns. In a festive ceremony in front of 1,000 citizens and guests on May 26, 1990, the partnership certificate was signed in the Liebenwerda sports hall. In Lübbecke this took place on June 17, 1990.
The town twinning with Nowe Miasteczko (Neustädtel) in the Polish Lubusz voivodeship goes back to friendly relationships that already existed before the fall of the Wall . On May 7, 1994 the partnership certificate was ceremoniously signed.
Sights and culture
Buildings
- The parish church of St. Nikolai is a late Gothic building, the exact date of which is unknown. After a fire, Friedrich III sat down . for rebuilding it in 1515. Visits by Martin Luther are recorded from the years 1519 and 1544 . Inside there is a neo-Gothic pulpit and a magnificent flat ceiling designed by August Oetken in 1911. The stained glass in the four windows of the choir show the baptism , birth, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ . They date from 1908 and were created in Gerstner and Werner's workshop in Görlitz , and go back to foundations of the pharmacist Liebe and the office machine manufacturer Reiss. Also worth seeing is a sandstone fifth from 1671 as well as a larger than life crucifix in front of a triumphal cross on the south wall, which probably dates from the 16th or 17th century.
- Building ensemble on Burgplatz with Lubwart Tower, the former keep of the castle and the later Liebenwerda Castle, district court and community center
- City center, mainly consisting of historical buildings, for example the house at Rosmaringasse 4
- Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche from 1882
- Saxon post distance column , reconstructed according to old documents and erected in 2003. It shows distances in hours as well as the Electoral Saxon and Royal Polish coat of arms of Augustus the Strong . The original from 1724 is considered lost.
- Prehistoric ramparts between the districts of Kröbeln and Kosilenzien
Monuments
- Memorial fountain on the market square
- Memorial stone for resistance fighters against National Socialism with bronze relief by Otto Anlauff (1957) in the Stadtwäldchen
- Memorial stone for 28 (according to other information 69) perished Polish forced laborers in the rear part of the city cemetery, entrance Torgauer Straße , also by Otto Anlauff (1963)
- Memorial stone for hanged Polish slave laborers at the Polish grave in the mountain cemetery north of Dresdener Strasse
- Monument in the park in honor of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III., Erected in 1882 in the "grove"
- Borsdorf monument in the woods
- Memorial stone on the mountain cemetery (inaugurated in June 2009) in honor of five prisoners (three Germans, one Dutch, one Serb) from the Hameln prison , who died on a death march from the Holzen subcamp in Bad Liebenwerda in April 1945
museum
The Bad Liebenwerda District Museum is located in the immediate vicinity of the Lubwart Tower . In its rooms there is a permanent exhibition on the roots of the historical Central German traveling puppet theater in the Bad Liebenwerda region, a permanent exhibition on the Graun brothers, who were born in neighboring Wahrenbrück , as well as temporary special exhibitions on various historical and cultural topics.
Parks
The spa park, called "Wäldchen", is located between the city center and the Schwarzer Elster. On March 5, 1830 King Friedrich Wilhelm III transferred. the city of Liebenwerda the "Fiscal wood located behind the castle, [...] to the full, inalienable property under the condition of careful culture for the beautification of the city commune". The grove soon became a popular destination. This is how the “Schweizerhaus” came into being, which was rebuilt in its current form after a fire in 1899. In 1882 a monument was erected in the park in honor of Friedrich Wilhelm III. built. With the opening of the mud bath in 1905, the park was used as a spa park. Spa concerts still take place in a concert shell next to the Schweizerhaus .
Due to the special location, surrounded by water, it was and remains a demanding task to keep the trees in good condition. The fluctuating groundwater level in Lusatia caused by coal mining had a particularly negative impact on the park landscape.
In 1937 Otto Kloss donated the city garden named after him, which is located between the woods and the train station. After 1990 the spa park was expanded again, for example with the park of the senses , the ponds opposite the spa clinic and the sports center on the Querspange. In 1998 a mini golf course was built in the woods.
In Bad Liebenwerda, since 2006, in a newly laid out rose garden, a nearly two meter high natural stone stele has been commemorating the first encounter between American and Soviet troops on the Elbe in World War II. One of the places where the encounter took place was the Bad Liebenwerda district of Burxdorf. In the upper area of the stele an arrow in gold letters with the inscription "Torgau" points in the direction of the Elbe city. Another arrow points in the direction of Strehla. The west side of the stele was named “Burxdorf” and the east side with the data “23. April 1945 "and" 25. April 1945 ”provided. The stele is surrounded by American, Russian and German roses. Among them is the variety of a breeder from Lüdinghausen , which was refined in a Zeischa nursery and baptized with the name " Joe Polowsky Peace Rose".
Cultural life and regular events
In addition to the Bad Liebenwerda spa concerts, there are other traditional events in the city, such as the rubber dinghy race, which takes place every year on the weekend after Ascension Day on the Black Elster and is organized by the volunteer fire brigade and the Bad Liebenwerda fire brigade association. V. is organized.
The “Long Night of Puppetry” takes place regularly in autumn in the spa town as part of the “International Puppet Theater Festival in Elbe-Elster-Land”. It is played on several stages in the streets of the city as well as in the Bad Liebenwerda district museum in addition to hand puppet theater , marionette theater in the classic form of long string puppets or in the shorter form with stick puppets.
Other annual events in the village are the Brunnenfest organized by Mineralquellen Bad Liebenwerda, the wine festival in autumn and in the districts of the city of the Musikantenstadl as well as the Waldbadfest in Zeischa, the riding and jumping tournament in Dobra and the Thalberger Horse Show, which has been taking place in August since 1984. and farmers market .
Other cultural events, such as concerts, theater performances and exhibitions, usually take place in the Kurhaus, in the community center at the Lubwart Tower, in the town church and in the music shell in the Kurpark.
music
The city's musical life is shaped by spa concerts. These originally took place in the garden of the Eisenmoorbad. In the meantime the concerts have also been extended to other stages in the city area, for example regularly in the summer months in the music shell at the guest house in the spa gardens. There are also regular concerts in the Evangelical Church of St. Nikolai on the market. In May 2019 the South Brandenburg Organ Academy was opened in the former "Aktivist" printing house.
Economy and Infrastructure
Middle center
The cities of Bad Liebenwerda and Elsterwerda have been shown in the state planning since 1995 as a joint central center with additional functions.
The city of Bad Liebenwerda fulfills the function of a spa, health, recreation, wellness and tourism center by creating and maintaining appropriate facilities, such as the Fontana clinics , the Lausitztherme Wonnemar and the EPIKUR center for health . The award of the status of a health resort was important for this function .
The city of Elsterwerda supported its function as a business and school location through numerous investments in the commercial infrastructure and the school landscape. An occupancy rate of 85 to 95% has been achieved in the three commercial areas (east, north and west).
Both cities are integrated into local public transport as central locations. This makes it possible to reach all required facilities of the common center within 30 minutes. Among other things, there are extensive medical supply facilities for basic care such as the hospital, but also for extended care in the outpatient, inpatient and therapeutic areas.
To continue the positive development and cooperation to date, the chairmen of the city councils and the mayors of both cities signed a cooperation agreement between the cities of Bad Liebenwerda and Elsterwerda as a joint center in addition to their functions .
Established businesses
The beverage companies Mineralquellen Bad Liebenwerda GmbH and Bauer Fruchtsaft GmbH , which belong to the Hessian Rhön-Sprudel Group, are two of the city's most important employers. Through the successful marketing of their beverage products (especially with the Bad Liebenwerda brand ), they ensure that the city is becoming increasingly well known.
There have been nationally known tree nurseries in Bad Liebenwerda since the 1860s. The forest tree nursery company "Fürst Pückler" Zeischa GmbH, which is represented on the market with an extensive range of trees, follows this tradition .
The tradition of organ building in the city goes back to the year 1855, today represented by the Mitteldeutsche Orgelbau A. Voigt GmbH . The company is one of the few German organ builders who are nationally and internationally active.
The Reiss Büromöbel GmbH was established in 1882 by Herrmann Robert Reiss founded. Initially as a mail order company for office and geodesic supplies , the company soon gained international reputation. Innovations such as the introduction of the first sit-stand desk in Germany around 1910 and the development of the first carriage drawing machine in 1921 made the company one of the most important employers in the city.
Medical institutions
The Fontana Clinic is a rehabilitation facility for diseases of the muscular and skeletal system. There has been a health clinic in Bad Liebenwerda since 1905. Together with the Psychotherapeutic Clinic Bad Liebenwerda , a specialist clinic for people with addiction and the Epikur Center , which specializes in rehabilitation and medical care, the facilities form the core of the Bad Liebenwerda spa.
Lausitztherme "Wonnemar"
The Lausitztherme "Wonnemar" in Bad Liebenwerda, which opened on June 17, 2004, is a health resort and recreation facility of national importance. In addition to an adventure and sports pool with a slide tower, flow pool and wave pool, there is a mineral forum, a sauna area and a fitness and health club that also offers prevention courses such as Nordic walking , back training and aqua fitness .
Public facilities
- Town hall (city administration)
- Office of the Federal Employment Agency
- Haus des Gastes (information and service point)
- Elster-Natoureum ("nature experience exhibition" with sights in miniature format)
- Administration of the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park
- Brandenburg nature watch
- Bad Liebenwerda District Court
- Seat and administrative location of the community of Liebenwerda
traffic
Bad Liebenwerda is on the federal highways B 101 (between Herzberg (Elster) and Elsterwerda ) and B 183 ( Torgau –Bad Liebenwerda). In 2003 the northern bypass was inaugurated. The planning for the southern bypass (B183) began in 1994 and construction began in June 2013. The bypass is 5.2 kilometers long. It begins west of Bad Liebenwerda, very close to the Lausitz industrial park. The route leads in a large curve to the southeast. The Lausitzer- and Kleehorstgraben were crossed with bridges. Landesstrasse 64 between Bad Liebenwerda and Oschätze will be connected. A bridge leads over the black magpie. This is followed by the bridges over the district road 6210 to Zobersdorf and over the DB route Roßlau-Horka. The new road also takes account of flood protection issues. The total cost was around 34 million euros.
The expansion of the B 101 between Bad Liebenwerda and Elsterwerda started in September 2017. The carriageway was renewed and overtaking routes established on the almost five-kilometer section. So-called compact asphalt was used to shorten the construction time. These are two layers of the road surface that must be applied directly one behind the other. Finally, it is compacted with a vibrating roller. This procedure made it necessary to block the section of the route and to lead traffic past on the adjacent cycle and farm roads and a municipal road. The construction costs amounted to 8.5 million euros. The closest motorway junctions are Ruhland and Ortrand on the A 13 Berlin – Dresden.
Bad Liebenwerda station is located on the Węgliniec – Roßlau railway line , built by the Upper Lusatian Railway Company . It is served by the regional train lines RB 49 Falkenberg (Elster) - Cottbus and S 4 Markkleeberg - Leipzig - Hoyerswerda .
The bus station, which was newly built in recent years and was previously on the market square, is located at the city park.
The inland ports closest to the city are in Riesa and Mühlberg on the Elbe .
The next airfields can be found in the Saxon towns of Großenhain and Riesa, 20 km away . A special landing site is located in Schwarzheide . The nearest commercial airport is Dresden Airport , 60 km away , and Berlin-Schönefeld Airport (approx. 120 km) is also easily accessible.
media
In Bad Liebenwerda, the Lausitzer Rundschau appears as a regional daily newspaper with additional regional pages. The free advertising papers "Wochenkurier" and "SonntagsWochenBlatt" appear weekly. The city of Bad Liebenwerda publishes “Der Stadtschreiber”, the official gazette for the city of Bad Liebenwerda, on a monthly basis; the “Kreisanzeiger” of the Elbe-Elster district appears as required.
The regional television station "Elbe-Elster Fernsehen", based in Elsterwerda, is connected via cable and, according to its own information, reaches around 75,000 viewers in the region.
education
The Robert Reiss Primary School Center is located in the city , which was created in August 2006 through a merger of the Zobersdorf, Neuburxdorf and Bad Liebenwerda primary schools. The school has been operated as an all-day school since the 2007/08 school year . Approximately 400 students are currently being taught there.
There is also the Robert Reiss Oberschule in the urban area and a special needs school with a special educational focus on intellectual development in the Bad Liebenwerda district of Oschätze. The Kreisvolkshochschule Elbe-Elster offers courses and other further training opportunities in its Bad Liebenwerda regional office. The Kreismusikschule Brothers Graun also has a branch in the city. Some adult education institutions in the village offer opportunities for training and further education.
In Bad Liebenwerda there is a city library which, in addition to the usual lending options for currently around 21,000 media, offers library tours, literary events and literary readings.
Sports
Sporting events
The Bad Liebenwerda Elsterlauf has a long tradition. In 2016 it took place for the 38th time. It is held in the disciplines running, Nordic walking, hiking and cycling.
Sports facilities
- Forest stadium
- Sports halls in Heinrich-Heine-Straße and at the primary school center
- Multifunctional sports facility on the crossbar
- Mini golf course in the spa gardens
Personalities
Several well-known personalities are associated with the city of Bad Liebenwerda. Euphemia von Oels left clear traces here in the 15th century . The wife of the Elector Albrecht III. von Sachsen-Wittenberg moved into Liebenwerda Castle as Wittum after his death in 1422 and had extensive construction work carried out here.
The theologian and reformer Georg Lysthenius , Martin Knobloch , Traugott August Seyffarth , the hymn poet Johann Gottfried Pilarik and Johann Gottfried, among others, worked in the Liebenwerda superintendent . Another clergyman was Gotthard Fritzsche, who was born in Liebenwerda . After emigrating in 1841, he became the founder of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Australia .
In business and politics, the Liebenwerda personalities Friedrich Bormann , Ernst von Bredow and Robert Reiss became known.
Writers associated with the city were or are Theodor Echtermeyer , Eduard Rüffer and Peter Huckauf . Heinrich Nebelsieck and Karl Fitzkow in particular made a name for themselves in local research . The latter built the Bad Liebenwerda district museum in the 1950s, of which he became director. In his role as a monument conservator, Fitzkow was committed to saving numerous architectural monuments. So he carried out a complex facade renovation of the Lubwart Tower and thus prevented its demolition. The renovation of the memorial fountain on the Liebenwerda market square is mainly thanks to Fitzkow. He also wrote countless articles in the local literature, which were published in the Liebenwerda home calendar and in the regional press or published by the district museum.
Successful athletes were Carl Lorenz (Olympic champion in tandem 1936 ) and Axel Peschel, who was born in Maasdorf (winner of the International Peace Tour 1968). Christoph Schindler , who plays in the handball Bundesliga , began his sporting career at "HC Bad Liebenwerda".
G. Wilhelm Hentschel, Heinz Tiemeyer, Walter Hartwig, Dieter Voigt, Egon Norbert Schindel, Wolfgang Liebe and Horst Kuhl, to whom the city of Bad Liebenwerda conferred honorary citizenship , also did well.
Notes and individual references
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Geoclimate 2.1
- ^ City of Bad Liebenwerda. In: service.brandenburg.de. Ministry of the Interior and Local Affairs of the State of Brandenburg, November 7, 2017, accessed on June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ www.onomastik.com. Retrieved April 15, 2009 .
- ↑ a b Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: Chronicle of the City of Liebenwerda . Ed .: Association for City Marketing and Economy Bad Liebenwerda e. V. Winklerdruck GmbH Graefenhainichen, Bad Liebenwerda 2007, p. 18 .
- ↑ Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: chronicle of the city Liebenwerda . Ed .: Association for City Marketing and Economy Bad Liebenwerda e. V. Winklerdruck GmbH Graefenhainichen, Bad Liebenwerda 2007, p. 157 .
- ^ Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of August 15, 1925, No. 42. Announcement No. 799, p. 461.
- ^ M. Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area, 1961.
- ^ M. Karl Fitzkow: Disappeared chapels and courts of the medieval Liebenwerda. In: Heimatjahrbuch Kreis Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1969/70, pp. 58-60.
- ↑ Frontmatter . In: Selected Works. Vol. 10 / Tl 1: Smaller writings . DE GRUYTER, Berlin, Boston, ISBN 978-3-11-086351-2 , doi : 10.1515 / 9783110863512 .
- ^ Die Kippermünzstätte zu Liebenwerda , pp. 360–365 In Blätter für Münzfreunde, XIX. Volume (New Volume VI. Volume) 69. – 71. Year (1934–1936) No. 647–682, edited by Dr. R. Gaettens, Eugen Rahnenführer
- ↑ Thank God Immanuel Merkel, Karl August Engelhardt: Earth Description of the Kingdom of Saxony, Volume 6, 1806
- ↑ Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: Chronicle of the City of Bad Liebenwerda, 2006.
- ↑ Bad Liebenwerda on "Places of Diversity" ( Memento from September 10, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Michael Richter : The formation of the Free State of Saxony: peaceful revolution, federalization, German unity 1989/90 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2004, ISBN 978-3-525-36900-5 ( limited preview in Google book search [accessed February 8, 2017]).
- ↑ Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: chronicle of the city Liebenwerda ; and Matthäus Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district .
- ↑ rbb24: New community of Liebenwerda. March 22, 2019, accessed March 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Elbe-Elster district . Pp. 14-17
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ↑ Gunter Bergmann: Small Saxon Dictionary, 1989.
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ § 5 of the Brandenburg Local Election Act
- ↑ Thomas Richter is the new mayor of Bad Liebenwerda. In: Lausitzer Rundschau , June 14, 2004
- ↑ a b Lausitzer Rundschau: Verbandsgemeinde Liebenwerda - Update: These are the honorary mayors. January 22, 2020, accessed February 12, 2020 .
- ^ Result of the mayoral election in Bad Liebenwerda. Retrieved June 15, 2018 .
- ^ Lausitzer Rundschau: Verbandsgemeinde Liebenwerda: The chief posts in the town hall are regulated. February 3, 2020, accessed February 12, 2020 .
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ^ Lexicon of cities and coats of arms of the GDR, 1985
- ↑ Article: “Mourning and gratitude memorial stone inaugurated on the mountain cemetery in the spa town”, Lausitzer Rundschau, June 9, 2009
- ↑ Karsten Bär: Historical meeting on local land ; in Lausitzer Rundschau , June 22, 2007. Frank Hilbert: A rose garden for the spa town ; in Lausitzer Rundschau, October 26, 2006. Peace rose planted in Burxdorf ; in Lausitzer Rundschau on April 27, 2010. The Joe Polowsky Peace Rose on the homepage of the Zeischa tree nursery Graeff.
- ^ Website "Wonnemar" Bad Liebenwerda. InterSPA Gesellschaft für Betrieb WONNEMAR Bad Liebenwerda mbH, accessed on June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ Bad Liebenwerda bypass is ready - Schneider opens B 183 and B 101 to traffic | Mil. Accessed January 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Bad Liebenwerda bypass is ready - Schneider opens B 183 and B 101 to traffic | Mil. Accessed January 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2003 ( Memento of January 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)
- ^ Homepage of the regional television station "Elbe-Elster Fernsehen". Retrieved December 6, 2009 .
- ↑ School year 2017/2018
- ^ Primary school center Robert Reiss. Retrieved June 15, 2018 .
- ^ School portraits Brandenburg: Complete dossier Primary School Center Robert Reiss Bad Liebenwerda. In: bildung-brandenburg.de. State Institute for School and Media Berlin-Brandenburg, accessed on June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ City and Children's Library. In: Website of the city of Bad Liebenwerda. Retrieved June 15, 2018 .
- ↑ Website of the running and walking club 05 Bad Liebenwerda
literature
- Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: Chronicle of the city of Liebenwerda . Ed .: Association for City Marketing and Economy Bad Liebenwerda e. V. Winklerdruck Graefenhainichen, Bad Liebenwerda 2007.
- S. Kretzschmann, M. Ziehlke: Bad Liebenwerda . In: The archive pictures series . Sutton, Erfurt 2005, ISBN 3-89702-858-1 .
- Wolfgang Eckelmann: The great longing of Friedrich-Wilhelm Beeg . Ed .: Erwin Meißler. 2004, ISBN 3-932566-30-0 .
- Matthäus Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1961.
- Matthäus Karl Fitzkow: City and district of Liebenwerda in the 19th century . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1962.
- District Museum Bad Liebenwerda (Ed.): 20 years of the Bad Liebenwerda district under workers 'and peasants' power . Bad Liebenwerda 1965.
- Matthäus Karl Fitzkow: Museum of the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1967.
- Matthäus Karl Fitzkow: On the medieval history of the city of Liebenwerda . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1956.
- Andreas Pöschl (Ed.): Coal, Wind and Water. An energy historical foray through the Elbe-Elsterland . Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District, Herzberg / Elster 2001, ISBN 3-00-008956-X .
- Felix Friedrich, Dieter Voigt, Markus Voigt: Organ building - 100 years of Central German organ building A. Voigt Bad Liebenwerda. 150 years of organ building in Bad Liebenwerda. Contributions to organ building in eastern central Germany . Ed .: Felix Friedrich. Weltbuch, Dresden 2005, ISBN 978-3-938706-00-8 .
Periodicals
- "Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district." (Series of books published in Bad Liebenwerda since 1912)
- "Die Schwarze Elster." (Local history series)
Web links
- Literature from and about Bad Liebenwerda in the catalog of the German National Library
- Official website of the city of Bad Liebenwerda
- Link catalog on the subject of Bad Liebenwerda at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Demography report
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