Plessa
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Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ' N , 13 ° 37' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Elbe Elster | |
| Office : | Plessa | |
| Height : | 94 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 52.74 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 2613 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 50 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 04928 | |
| Area code : | 03533 | |
| License plate : | EE, FI, LIB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 62 372 | |
| LOCODE : | DE PPE | |
| Community structure: | 2 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Steinweg 6 04928 Plessa |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Gottfried Heinicke ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Plessa in the Elbe-Elster district | ||
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Plessa ( Sorbian Plesow ) is a municipality in the southern Brandenburg district of Elbe-Elster and the seat of the Plessa office . It is located about eight kilometers east of the city of Elsterwerda in the north of the Schraden , a lowland area of the Black Elster .
Community structure
The municipality includes the districts of Döllingen ( Sorbian Dolinki ) and Kahla ( Sorbian Kałow ) as well as the Plessa-Süd residential area . Döllingen and Kahla were incorporated on December 31, 2001.
history
Origin and first documentary mention
Plessa was first mentioned in 1406 in the "Landbethe zu Hayn" with a size of 24 hooves and 2 desolate hooves. The place name comes from the Old Sorbian Ples (o) , which means lake and probably indicates an oxbow lake of the Black Elster, which once flowed through the landscape of the Schraden surrounding the place with numerous tributaries. The place belonged to the rule Elsterwerda , and the inhabitants had to pay their taxes there.
Early modern age
In 1540 the first mention of a single wooden chapel without altar equipment and decorations. At that time, preaching was still in Wendish . In 1792 a stone church was finally built in Plessa, but a few years later it fell victim to a devastating village fire on October 25, 1811. Only four farms escaped the major fire. In addition to the church, the schoolhouse was also seriously damaged. In 1814, the church building, which has been preserved to the present day, was erected, and in 1818 an organ was added.
From the Congress of Vienna to the end of the Second World War
After the construction of the Upper Lusatian Railway from Kohlfurt to Falkenberg in 1874, which crosses the town, the trains did not initially stop here because the Plessa farmers refused to give up land for the construction of the Berlin – Dresden railway line, which opened a year later . Nevertheless, industrialization soon began in the village . In 1885 it received its own station and in 1891 its own station building. Shortly thereafter, the “Agnes” lignite mine was opened in 1894 and, three years later, in 1897, Plessaer Braunkohlenwerke GmbH was founded . In 1901 a briquette factory was put into operation north of the railway line . With the lignite industry came the industrial boom and the village began to grow. While the population was 1200 in 1890, in 1910 it had already grown to 2063. This year, the briquette factory, as the electrical center, supplied the almost completely developed local network, with twelve electric motors and almost 400 light bulbs connected. In 1924, the Plessa mine director Friedrich von Delius commissioned the world's first overburden conveyor bridge in the “Agnes” pit in Plessa according to his own plans . This was followed in 1927 by the commissioning of the power plant not far from the briquette factory, which was built in just nine months.
The Second World War claimed 391 deaths in Plessa. April 24th and 25th, 1945 were the blackest days in the history of the place. After the conquest by the Red Army , forces of the 10th SS Panzer Division "Frundsberg" again marched through the village and murdered an unknown number of prisoners of war. After the withdrawal of the SS division, Plessa was considered a "partisan village" by the Soviet troops. 724 buildings in the village were burned down, 155 inhabitants died between April 22 and 25, 1945.
Younger local history
The power plant, the briquette factory and other businesses in the town were finally nationalized in the post-war years, and shortly after the founding of the GDR , the population of Plessa had already grown to 3,453 in 1950. In the following years fruit trees began to be planted on the mining areas in the west of the Plessaer Heide , and attempts were made to make 32 hectares of the area usable for fruit growing. In particular, the plantings of sweet cherries , which have lower location requirements than other types of fruit, proved their worth. On January 1, 1957, today's district of Plessa-Süd (Grödener Schraden) was incorporated.
A serious accident occurred in 1983 in the Plessa briquette factory. Several people were killed and injured in a coal dust explosion . In December of that year, the Cottbus District Court sentenced the operations manager and the head of the department to prison terms for violating health and safety regulations.
Plessa has belonged to the Liebenwerda district in the province of Brandenburg since 1816 and to the Bad Liebenwerda district in the GDR district of Cottbus from 1952 . The community has been in the Elbe-Elster district in Brandenburg since 1993
After German reunification, the Plessa office was formed in 1992 with seven communities.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
Community representation
The community council of the community Plessa consists of 15 community representatives and the honorary mayor as a voting member. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:
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mayor
- until 1998: Hans-Joachim Weinhold (SPD)
- 1998–2003: Jürgen Schellschmidt (SPD)
- since 2003: Gottfried Heinicke (CDU)
Heinicke was elected in the mayoral election on May 26, 2019 with 77.3% of the valid votes for a further term of five years.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on August 20, 1997.
Blasonierung : "In silver two facing away from each other, schränglinksgestellte, intersecting at the ends Linde green leaves; accompanied at the top by a black water wheel, at the bottom by a diagonally crossed mallet and iron. "
flag
The flag of the municipality consists - when hung on a cross piece - of three longitudinal stripes in the colors green - silver (white) - green in a ratio of 1: 3: 1 with the coat of arms in the central stripe.
Partnerships
There is a partnership with the municipality of Nörvenich in North Rhine-Westphalia .
Sights and culture
The list of architectural monuments in Plessa and the list of ground monuments in Plessa contain the cultural monuments entered in the list of monuments of the State of Brandenburg.
Attractions
- Rebuilt in 1814 after a fire
- Plessa power plant (technical monument)
- The Plessa power plant, built in 1926, is a largely original, now a museum, lignite power plant that was in operation until 1992. In 1998 it was added to the project list of the International Building Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land as an adventure power plant under the motto Power Plant in Transition and its demolition was prevented.
- From 1955 to 1960 the culture house was built as a new center for the region with the participation of the population. Its facade is adorned with murals in sgraffito technique and emblems of mining, electricity and agriculture on the protruding entrance projectile . The building is still considered a very good concert and multifunctional building with a diverse room program and a spacious stage. The Plessa cultural center has been a listed building since 1985.
- With the end of the lignite industry in the Lauchhammer district , the small community took over the cultural center without renovation. A few years later, their own funds for renovating the house were used up.
- Since 2008, the civic commitment of all generations has been repairing the house to the best of their ability. Ludwig Güttler (the chief organizer of the reconstruction of the Dresden Frauenkirche ) contributed his experience. In this way the citizens were able to prevent the house from being demolished. You are gradually working through the building regulations and have made the house attractive again for events. Since then, the population has been designing the program in their cultural center themselves.
- In addition to guest performances by large ensembles such as the Brandenburg State Orchestra Frankfurt , the Kulturhaus is a workshop for professional and leisure creatives. The second music album recorded in the Great Hall with the five-nation band “Rue Lascar” framed a documentary film production
- The Elstermühle is a water mill, which originally consisted of two mills, a cutting edge and a grain mill . It has an idle display system and a small museum, and there is also a small sawmill in the outbuilding. The building of the mill, the Office of the association Lower Lusatian Heath Nature Park e. V. has its seat.
- The Pomological Show and Teaching Garden is a project of the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park. Over 150 old and newer main types of fruit, such as apples, pears, cherries and plums and so-called additional fruits such as nuts and peaches grow here on an area of three hectares. Here you can follow the development of the fruit trees from their wild form to the latest cultivars and also look at different growth and crown forms.
- Bertzitturm in Kahla
- Bertzitturm, approx. 35 m high investment ruin from the lignite refinement from 1920. A lignite low-temperature carbonization of the coal from the nearby Ada mine was planned. It is a steel frame building. The stairs are closed due to structural defects and should therefore only be climbed with great care.
- Plessaer See , open-cast lake of the former Plessa open-cast lignite mine
regional customs
In Plessa and the surrounding area, customs from Wendish prehistoric times have been mixed with those of the German population and some of them have survived to our day. One example is the Carnival in Plessa. Another custom from Wendish times , which is maintained in many villages in the area, is pounding .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Plessa is located on the B 169 between Elsterwerda and the Ruhland junction on the A 13 Berlin – Dresden .
Plessa station on the Węgliniec – Roßlau line is served by the regional train line RB 49 Falkenberg (Elster) - Cottbus and the S 4 Markkleeberg - Leipzig - Hoyerswerda .
Sports
In 1995 the cycling club RSV Plessa was founded, which is mainly involved in BMX sports.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Friedrich Nadler (1847–1924), educator
- Ernst von Delius (1912–1937), racing car driver
- Wolfgang Günther (1940–1998), translator
- Karl-Heinz Kretschmer (* 1948), politician (CDU)
Personalities associated with Plessa
- Berthold von Ploetz (1844–1898), Prussian politician and manor owner in Döllingen.
- Friedrich von Delius (1881–1967), long-time director of the Plessa lignite works
- Thilo Koch (1920–2006), television journalist, grew up in Plessa, graduated from high school in 1939 at the Elsterschloß-Gymnasium in Elsterwerda
- Axel Peschel (* 1942), racing cyclist, began his career with activist Plessa
- Annelore Zinke (* 1958), former gymnast and world champion on uneven bars lives in Plessa.
- Steffi Marth (* 1985), cyclist, grew up in Plessa
literature
- The Schraden (= values of the German homeland . Volume 63). 2nd Edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 978-3-412-23905-3 .
- Klaus Beuchler : The village in the wilderness . Grandstand, Berlin 1955.
Web links
- Website of the Plessa Office
- www.kulturhaus-plessa.de , extensive website with multimedia information about the monument protection initiative "Kulturhaus Plessa"
- Link catalog on the subject of Plessa at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
References and comments
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Filip Rězak , German-Wendish encyclopaedic dictionary of the Upper Lusatian language , Bautzen 1920. See also: Arnošt Muka , Lower Sorbian names of cities and villages , 1911–1928. ( Sorbian Institute )
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001
- ↑ a tax register
- ↑ a b Amt Plessa (ed.): Amt Plessa - A region in the charming Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft . Euroverlag, Cottbus 1996.
- ↑ a b c d Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 106-111 .
- ↑ Siegfried Ressel: The Russian is coming. “Extra culture time: Plessa. Partisan Village ". ( Memento from July 17, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) 3sat documentation, August 2009.
- ^ Association of authors: Coal, Wind and Water. An energy historical foray through the Elbe-Elster-Land. Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg / Elster 2001, ISBN 3-00-008956-X , p. 84 .
- ↑ Guilty party convicted of major average. In: New Time . December 10, 1983, p. 2.
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Elbe-Elster district . Pp. 22-25
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Plessa municipal council
- ↑ Local elections 1998. Mayoral elections on September 27, 1998 , p. 16
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 24
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 73 (1)
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ↑ Subsequent foundation of the BLDAM under monument protection law Dr. Gramlich ( Memento of the original from October 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , illustrated architectural history report by Dr. Hartung ( Memento of the original from October 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
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↑ Commons : Kulturhaus Plessa - collection of images, videos and audio files
- ^ Plötz, Berthold Friedrich August von . In: Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon 1894-1896, supplement volume 1897, p. 862.
- ↑ lr-online.de
- ↑ https://www.rad-net.de/modules.php?name=Fahrerdetails&mid=18566&saisonpl=2010&mode=pl
- ↑ http://www.steffimarth.com/steffi_marth/profil.html ( Memento from July 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
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