Plessa Heath

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The Plessaer Heide is a wooded area in the Elbe-Elster district in southern Brandenburg . In its original extent it was bounded in the northeast and east by the Grünewalder and Mückenberger Lauch, in the south by the field marks of Plessa and Döllingen and in the northwest by the Liebenwerdaer Heide .

history

Open-cast mine residual hole 111 near Plessa
Grünewalder Lauch local recreation area

The Plessaer Heide was first mentioned in a document in 1456. Around 1579 its size comprised an area of ​​1,300 Saxon fields , 118 of which were accounted for by the so-called Plessa pond , which later fell dry due to the construction of the raft ditch . In addition, there were several small heather ponds in this area at that time, which later fell victim to mining. In 1727 1409 fields and 140 square rods were owned by the Elsterwerda rulership . 42 acres and 160 square rods of heather were owned by farmers. In 1830 it belonged to the Plessa forest district and covered a size of 3,026 acres.

From the end of the 19th century, the Plessaer Heide was shaped by the lignite mining that began here , so that little reminds of its old condition. After the lignite was first extracted in civil engineering, it was later started to mine the lignite in open-cast mining. As the overburden above the coal became thicker and thicker and made mining increasingly unprofitable, a better solution was sought under the leadership of Friedrich von Delius . After a year of construction and assembly, the first overburden conveyor bridge in the world went into service on September 26, 1924 in the Agnes pit .

From the 1950s onwards, fruit trees were planted on the mining areas in the west of the Plessaer Heide, and attempts were made to make 32 hectares of the areas usable for fruit growing. In particular, the plantings of sweet cherries , which have lower location requirements than other types of fruit, proved their worth.

Lignite mining was largely abandoned in the 1960s shortly after the overburden conveyor bridge built in 1924 in what is now the opencast mine hole 111 was blown up in 1959 , as the local geological conditions made lignite extraction unprofitable. In the following period, in the course of the renovation measures, the remaining hole 117 was redesigned into the Grünewalder Lauch local recreation area , which was handed over to the Grünewalde community in 1976 .

Say

The legend of the Golden Born tells of a now dried up and excavated spring on the excavated once 150 meter high coal mountain in the northeast of the heath. A countess from Elsterwerda Castle is said to have lost her way here on a hunting trip in the past . After she had found the spring half dying of thirst, she refreshed herself and her horse with it. Out of gratitude, she then threw her golden ring into the fountain.

literature

  • Dietrich Hanspach : The Plessaer Heide - a forgotten forest . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district and the Mückenberger Ländchen . Bad Liebenwerda 1994, p. 144-150 .
  • Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: The Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 103-105 .

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , p. 103-105 .
  2. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow : The conveyor bridge from Plessa . In: Druckerei Aktivist Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1961, p. 85-87 .
  3. ^ Association of authors: Coal, Wind and Water. An energy historical foray through the Elbe-Elsterland. Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg / Elster 2001, ISBN 3-00-008956-X , p. 84 .
  4. ↑ Amt Plessa (Ed.): Amt Plessa - A region in the charming Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft . 1996, p. 7 (brochure).
  5. ^ Author collective: Mining history in the Lauchhammer district . Ed .: Traditionsverein Braunkohle Lauchhammer eV Lauchhammer 2003.
  6. ↑ Otto Krugel: Field names of my home village Grünewalde . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the country between the Elbe and Elster . No. 55 . Gräser Verlag Großenhain, Bad Liebenwerda 2003, ISBN 3-932913-44-2 , p. 213 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 29 '  N , 13 ° 38'  E