Beeskower plate

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Beeskower plate
Flat-rolling arable landscape near Schwenow

Flat-rolling arable landscape near Schwenow

Highest peak Dubrower Berge ( 150.2  m above sea  level )
location Oder-Spree district in Brandenburg ( Germany )
Beeskower Platte (Brandenburg)
Beeskower plate
Coordinates 52 ° 12 '  N , 14 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 12 '  N , 14 ° 10'  E
Type Ground and terminal moraine
rock Boulder clay , boulder clay , sand
Age of the rock Hall ice age , partly shaped over the Weichsel ice age
The location of the Beeskower Platte in the geological division of Brandenburg. The illustration integrates the Storkower Platte to the northwest into the Beeskower Platte.

The location of the Beeskower Platte in the geological division of Brandenburg. The illustration integrates the Storkower Platte to the northwest into the Beeskower Platte.

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The Beeskower Platte is a largely closed plateau in the Oder-Spree district of Brandenburg . It is named after the district town of Beeskow .

The flat wavy plate is predominantly a floor moraine from the Ice Age . The current surface shape was formed by the renewed glaciation in the last ice age . The mean altitude varies between 60 and 75 m above sea level. NN , the adjacent lowlands are at a height of about 38 to 45 meters. The highest elevation, at 150.2 meters, is the Dubrow Mountains compression moraine in the northwestern edge of the plate. The plateau is surrounded on three sides by the Spree or delimited by the Spree valleys , including the Berlin glacial valley . The second largest natural lake in Brandenburg, the Scharmützelsee, forms part of the western end . The cultural landscape of the plateau is characterized by wide arable land . The Beeskower Platte was the central region of the medieval Beeskow rule , which belonged to the margraviate of Lausitz . It was not until 1575 that the rulership and with it the plateau actually fell to Brandenburg.

The natural spatial main unit No. 824 in the main unit group East Brandenburg Heath and Lake Area is also referred to as the Beeskower Platte . The geological Beeskower Platte and the Beeskower Platte natural area differ in their delimitation.

Location and demarcation

The Beeskower Platte is located south of the Berlin glacial valley and south of the administrative and economic center of Fürstenwalde . The eponymous city of Beeskow is located on the middle eastern edge of the plateau around 80 kilometers southeast of Berlin and around 30 kilometers southwest of Frankfurt (Oder) . North of the plate, the federal highway 12 runs from Berlin via Frankfurt to Poland . The main traffic artery is the federal highway 246 , which passes the plateau roughly in the middle from west to east. The federal road 87 crosses part of the area on the eastern edge from north to south. The single-track branch line Königs Wusterhausen – Grunow crosses the plateau roughly parallel to federal highway 246 . The Glienicker Gorge, which cut into the Beeskower Platte in a width of around 100 meters and up to 25 meters deep in the glacial channel of the Blabbergraben , bridges the railway line on the Lindenberg Viaduct, which was built in 1898 and is a listed building . There are train stations or stops in Wendisch-Rietz , Lindenberg , Buckow and Beeskow .

Geomorphological plate

Definition (overview)

In large-scale representations, the Storkower Platte to the northwest is subsumed under the term Beeskower Platte . Sometimes the Lieberoser and Beeskower platters are also labeled without differentiation as Beeskower platters or are summarized as Beeskow-Lieberoser platters in one term. On a small scale, the Beeskower Platte is delimited as a geological plateau as follows:

Northern / northeast boundary: Berlin glacial valley

Between Fürstenwalde and Sauen / Neubrück , for example , the Berlin glacial valley limits the Beeskower Platte to the north. The glacial valley , which carried away the meltwater from the Frankfurt stage of the last Ice Age around 18,000 years ago, runs from north (Fürstenwalde) to south-east (Sauen / Neubrück) and is traversed in the opposite direction by the Spree and partly by the Oder-Spree Canal . Sections of the river in this area are called Fürstenwalder Spree and Drahendorfer Spree . While the Beeskower Platte descends gradually towards the other valleys, the border to the glacial valley is marked in parts by a clear slope edge. The Lebuser Platte connects to the north of the glacial valley .

Eastern limit: Schwielochsee-Spree-Rinne

Coming from the south from Schwielochsee / Glower See , the Spree flows into the Berlin glacial valley near Neubrück. Between the Schwielochsee / Glower See and Neubrück, it uses a vistula-glacial side channel that runs from north to south between the Berlin and Baruther glacial valleys . With a water area of ​​13.3 km², the center of the Zwischenurstromtal is the largest natural lake in Brandenburg, the Schwielochsee, into which the river flows with a tributary as it circles the Beeskower plateau three-quarters away from the west; today's main arm of the Spree flows into the so-called neck between the Schwielochsee and Glower See. The center of the town of Beeskow in the Spreetal is located about halfway along the eastern plate boundary. Beyond the lowland, the northern foothills of the Lieberoser Platte join in the south-east , which merge into the Berlin glacial valley, which is greatly widened in this area at Ragow .

Krumme Spree at Kossenblatt

Southern boundary: channel of the Krumme Spree

The southern boundary of the plate is formed by the 22.4 kilometer long Spree section between Neuendorfer See and Schwielochsee / Glower See, the so-called Krumme Spree . The name can already be found in the Krummspreeischen Kreis , which existed in Niederlausitz in the 17th century. Although the Krumme Spree was considerably straightened between 1906 and 1912 and the course of the river shortened by 45%, the section of the river still has a strongly meandering character. The loops of the river that were cut off during the straightening are still present as oxbow lakes and are being renatured and made accessible again as part of the Krumme Spree water development concept . In the glacial channel system , the valley after the village of Briescht is called the Brieschter valley . The valley , in which the Spree flows from west to east, separates the Beeskower Platte from the Unterspreewald with the Spreewald biosphere reserve and from the moraine areas of the Leuthener Sandplatte.

Western limit: Scharmützelsee-Glubigseen-Rinne

The western boundary of the Beeskwoer Platte forms the Scharmützelsee-Glubigseen-Rinne, which runs from the Berlin glacial valley near Fürstenwalde / Langewahl to the south in a slightly south-westerly direction to Alt-Schadow on the Neuendorfer See. From north to south, the channel consists of the following topographical objects : Petersdorfer See , Wierichwiesen ( Niedermoorwiesen ), Scharmützelsee, Kleiner Glubigsee , Großer Glubigsee , Glubig-Melang-Fließ (sometimes also referred to as Grubenmühlenfließ ), Springsee , Glubig-Melang-Fließ, Melangsee , Grubensee (also: Tiefer See ), Godnasee and Josinsky-Luch . If the meltwater of the channel originally flowed south towards the Baruther Urstromtal / Spreewald, the direction of flow has reversed after the Ice Age to the north to the Berlin Urstromtal.

West slope of the Beeskower Platte above the Scharmützelsee

The northern part of the channel separates the Beeskower from the Storkower Platte to the west. Between the Petersdorfer and the Scharmützelsee the channel forms a sharp incision between the Rauener Mountains in the west and the Soldiers Mountains / Dubrower Mountains in the east. The agglomeration complex from the Vistula period is characterized by a strongly structured relief . Since, according to Werner Stackebrandt, the Petersdorfer Heights and the Rauenschen Mountains form a structural geological unit, the Storkower Platte is often added to the Beeskower Platte in a generalized way. For example, a research report by the Chair of Water Protection at the University of Cottbus locates the Scharmützelsee “in the Saarow hill country on the Beeskower Platte”.

In the southern part of the channel, the boundary of the Beeskower Platte to the west is also slightly blurred. Here the narrow strip of hills between the Glubigseen-Godnasee-Neuendorfer See line and the Kehrigker Talung, which also runs from north to south (formed from the Griesenseen, Wuckseen, Langen See, Krummen See and Milaseen, among others) occasionally extends to the Beeskower The Groß Eichholzer Platte, following the Kehrigker Talung to the west, was defined as a separate geological plateau.

Natural spatial main unit

As a natural area , the Beeskower Platte belongs to the North German Lowland , one of the major natural regions in Germany . In the Brandenburg Heath and Lake District (D12), it is assigned as the main natural space unit No. 824 Beeskower Platte to the main unit group No. 82 East Brandenburg Heath and Lake District . The natural spatial definition differs from the geological definition, especially in the north-western area, in that it emphasizes the structural geological unit of the Rauener Berge and the Soldierberge / Dubrower Berge. These areas are combined together with the rest of the southern part of the Storkower Platte in the main unit No. 821 as Saarower Hügel . In the natural spatial definition, the Beeskower Platte is surrounded by the following further main units: Berlin-Fürstenwalder Spreetalniederung (820), Lieberoser Heide and Schlaubegebiet (826), Leuthener Sandplatte (825) and Dahme-Seengebiet (822).

Geology and soils

Cultural landscape near Glienicke

The surface of the Beeskower Platte was formed predominantly in the most recent period of earth's history , the Quaternary . Sedimentary rocks appear in the subsurface , which are assigned to the Tertiary , the previous geological period. The plateau was shaped by the repeated advances of the Scandinavian inland ice during the Ice Age . It is essentially a ground moraine surface which the Saale Age ice advances heaped up or deposited as marl boulder . On the surface, glacial deposits from the Brandenburg stage of the Vistula glaciation predominate . The northwestern relief strong hills in the area of Dubrower Berge consists of a weichsel temporally shaped, eisüberfahrenen Saalian compression complex , which continues to the west in the Rauener mountains and forms a structural unit with the geological Rauener mountains. The geoscientists Werner Stackebrandt dismissed in 2005, the influence of the area by neotectonic Senkungzszone by extending from the southern North Sea across Brandenburg as far as southern Poland covers. It shows a neotectonic lineation pattern (penetrative, linear structural element in a rock body), "which breaks through the older (predominantly Saale-period) glacitectonic structure inventory of the Rauenschen Berge and continues in the ground moraine area adjacent to the east."

Apart from the compression complex and some other elevations in the western area towards the Scharmützelsee, the sandy - loamy plateau is largely structured with flat waves. Para brown earths , pale earths and brown earths are characteristic of the ground moraine areas . Even if the yields from these types of soil are comparatively weak, the cultural landscape of the plateau is characterized by wide arable land . Some pale earth soils are used as pastureland . There are extensive forest areas in the village of Schwenow , 90% of which is covered by the Schwenower Forest. According to the historian Carl Petersen , the soils of the Beeskow-Storkow district were among the "poorest in all of Brandenburg" at the beginning of the 19th century. The soil has never yielded more than at most the fourth grain (four times the sowing rate ) and until the 18th century one could not imagine the manors "poor enough".

climate

The plateau is largely located in the transition area between the oceanic climate in Western Europe and the continental climate in the east. On a small scale, high drought with pre-summer drought are characteristic. In the Beeskow weather station, the German Meteorological Service recorded an average of 519 mm of precipitation for the period 1961 to 1990. This result falls into the lower tenth of the values ​​recorded in Germany. Lower values ​​were only registered at 5% of the weather service's measuring stations.

For Lindenberg, located roughly in the center of the plateau, the German Weather Service gives an annual mean temperature of 8.8 ° C for the period 1906/07 to 2013 (9.4 ° C for the thirty years 1984 to 2013) and an average annual rainfall of 557 , 8 mm and the following climate values :

  • Temperature: highest 38.5 ° C on July 11, 1959 and August 9, 1992; lowest -28 ° C on February 11, 1929
  • Warmest month: 24.3 ° C July 2006; Coldest month: -12.1 ° C February 1929
  • Warmest year: 10.5 ° C 2007; Coldest year: 6.4 ° C 1940
  • Total annual precipitation: greatest 791.8 mm 2010; smallest 344.2 mm 1911
  • The sunniest month: 365.4 hours July 2006; Month with the least sunshine: 6.6 hours in December 1913.

Localities, elevations and bodies of water

The following information relates to the geological plate in the delimitation given above .

cities and communes

The communities of Tauche and Rietz-Neuendorf have by far the largest share of the area on the Beeskower Platte, followed by Beeskow. The following cities and municipalities or parts of these cities and municipalities are on the plate. As far as the specified places are not themselves on the plateau, their markings are on the plateau. This is the case, for example, with Werder, whose village center is in the southern Spree lowlands. The historic center of the eponymous city of Beeskow extends to the eastern Spree Valley, and Beeskow Castle, first mentioned in 1272 , was built on an island in the Spree. The districts of both places extend far into the plateau.

Surveys

The highest elevations of the Beeskower Platte are in the northwest and northern areas, followed by the western area towards Scharmützelsee. From these regions, the terrain gradually slopes down towards Krumme Spree and Beeskow. Under the mountains are:

  • The Dubrow Mountains in the municipality of Langewahl reach a height of 150.2 meters. A radio mast was erected on the top ,
  • The south-east adjoining Lauseberge in Alt Golm have a height of 139.5 meters.
  • The Kesselberg in Pfaffendorf is 138.0 meters high.
  • The Cossack Mountains in Pfaffendorf rise to 134.6 meters.
  • The Pfaffendorfer Scheuerberg reaches 129.9 meters.
  • The Eichberg in the Hartensdorf district of Herzberg has a height of 126.8 meters.
  • The Fuchsberg in Pfaffendorf comes to a height of 123.8 meters.
  • The Dachsberg in Radlow , already close to the lowering of the Scharmützelsee, still reaches a height of 103.5 meters.

Lakes and rivers

Pond on the Anger of Pfaffendorfer living space Lamitsch
Görsdorf-Wulfersdorfer Fließ on the flat land between Görsdorf and Wulfersdorf

Located near Kossenblatt on the southern edge of the Platte, the Große Kossenblatter See is the largest lake on the Beeskower Plateau with 169 hectares of water. In front of it is the 36-hectare Kleine Kossenblatter See lake to the southwest . There is also a small lake between the two bodies of water, which goes back to a clay pit , which has now been filled with water and which was used by the Kossenblatter brickworks in the first half of the 20th century . Only separated by a narrow tongue of land lies northeast of the large lake between Wulfersdorf and Giesensdorf with the “Giesensdorfer Teich”, another still body of water . The pond was created on a flooded meadow for fish farming, but it has long since been abandoned. The second largest body of water is the Ranziger See on the eastern edge of the plate with 36 hectares . To the north of the Ranziger See, the Tief See (24 hectares) and the Leipsee (16 hectares) follow. There are also various village ponds such as in Görsdorf, in Pfaffendorf's Lamitsch residential area or in Wilmersdorf.

In addition, there is a five-part chain of lakes on the southwest plate, which is formed from north to south by the Herzberger See , Lindenberger See , Ahrensdorfer See , Premsdorfer See and Drobschsee . The lakes are connected in a glacial channel by the largest flowing water on the plateau and drained into the Krumme Spree, the 13.7 kilometer long Blabbergraben including the lakes through which it flows . The 7.92 kilometer long Schwenowseegraben leads to the Blabbergraben over the Schwenowsee and the neighboring Drobschsee. The Kossenblatter Mühlenfließ rises roughly in the center of the Beeskower Platte west of Buckow at an altitude of around 82 meters and after a 10.9 kilometer run it reaches the Krumme Spree over the Kossenblatter Lakes. The 1.5 kilometer long Falkenberger Graben rises to the east of the Falkenberger village center and, after a short walk south of the Falkenberger village center, flows into the Kossenblatter Mühlenfließ. The Görsdorf-Wulfersdorfer-Fließ begins in the north-west of the Falkenberg district and, like all the rivers of the Beeskower Platte, flows from north to south and ends after 5 kilometers west of Wulfersdorf in the Großer Kossenblatter See. The second longest brook at 13.5 kilometers, the Briescht-Stremmener Fließ, comes from the center of Buckow and reaches the Krumme Spree east of Briescht.

All the streams are at least partly dry , especially in the summer months . The responsible river basin community Elbe (FGG Elbe) evaluates their ecological status or their ecological potential according to the Water Framework Directive (WFD) - based on the four main rivers examined, Blabbergraben, Briescht-Stremmener Fliess, Kossenblatter Mühlenfließ, Schwenowseegraben  - as "unsatisfactory" ("4" on five-point scale). The four brooks are part of the Krumme Spree water development concept (GEK) for the near-natural development of flowing water within the framework of the WFD, which aims to improve their ecological status and restore their continuity. The Großer Kossenblatter See is also on the agenda of the concept.

Protected areas in nature and landscape protection, flora and fauna

On the western part of the Beeskow plateau there are several nature and landscape protection areas . Further protected areas are located in the plate edge area in the southern and eastern Spreetal.

Protected areas on the plate

Eastern slope of the Drobschseerinne natural development area
Guschluch nature development area

The northwestern part of the plate between the Scharmützelsee and around Rietz-Neuendorf, including the Dubrower Berge and Ahrensdorfer See, is part of the Scharmützelsee protected landscape area . The Reserve Regulation of 11 June 2002 provides for protection purpose, inter alia, the glacially influenced moraine with relief strong, partly finely structured hills of upsetting and terminal moraines and the relief weaker peaks and valleys of the moraines, lakes, rivers, bogs , Anmoore , Preserve valley sands, brooks , dunes and dry valleys . In addition, the functionality of the water balance , in particular the spring , standing and flowing waters and their bank areas should be maintained, developed or restored. The entire southwestern part of the plateau between the south bank of the Lindenberger See to the Krummen Spree is part of the Dahme-Heideseen nature park and the Dahme-Heideseen nature reserve . The aim of the protection is, among other things, the preservation of a "typical section of the southern young moraine landscape within the East Brandenburg heath and lake area with its mosaic of lakes, flowing waters, moors, valley sand plains, dunes, hills of the terminal and ground moraines as well as the extensive forest areas."

Part of the landscape protection area and nature park Dahme Heideseen is designated as a nature reserve (NSG) Schwenower Forest and FFH area of the same name in the coherent ecological , Europe-wide network Natura 2000 . Within the NSG Schwenower Forest, two areas, the Drobschseerinne and the Guschluch , are marked separately as zone 1. These two natural development areas (formerly: total reserve ) are beyond direct human influence. The habitats and communities in the zones should be left to develop naturally over the long term. The approximately 39 hectare Drobschseerinne encompasses the southern part of the Drobschsee and the muddy Blabbergrabenrinne in the Drobschsee silted up here up to the mouth of the trench in the Krumme Spree. Here, the preservation of the natural water and vegetation dynamics with their silting stages should be ensured. The special protected status of the comprehensive 83 hectares Gush Lynx serves the preservation and development of national significance, large-scale training of wild rosemary - bog pine forests . Due to the representative regional focus of the "strictly protected" species crested newt ( Triturus cristatus ) and red-bellied toad ( Bombina bombina ), the Reichardtsluch east of Limsdorf was included in the 2000s as an addition to the FFH area Schwenower Forest (FFH area Schwenower Forest addition ).

In the entire NSG, the protection purpose with regard to the fauna provides for the preservation and development of the area as a habitat or retreat and a potential center for re-expansion of wild animal species, including particularly and strictly protected species according to Section 10, Paragraph 2, No. 10 and 11 of the Federal Nature Conservation Act , in particular the Birds and amphibians such as common snipe ( Gallinago gallinago ), osprey ( Pandion haliaetus ), crane ( Grus grus ), white-tailed eagle ( Haliaeetus albicilla ), bittern ( Botaurus stellaris ), common toad ( Bufo bufo ) and common frog ( Rana temporaria ). In the flora area , the habitats of numerous specially protected species are to be preserved and developed, including broad-leaved orchid ( Dactylorhiza majalis ), marsh marigold ( Caltha palustris ), water feather ( Hottonia palustris ), swamp iris ( Iris pseudacorus ), swamp pea ( Lathyrus palustris) ), Round-leaved sundew ( Drosera rotundifolia ), swamp porst ( Ledum palustre ), water hazel ( Trapa natans ), crab claws ( Stratiotes aloides ) and swamp heart leaf ( Parnassia palustris ).

Protected areas at the edge of the plate

In the south, the nature reserve Schwenower goes forestry seamlessly into the landscape conservation area Krumme Spree and the FFH area Spree on which the floodplain Krumme Spree with their "typical habitats" as the nation's "significant rivers with outstanding connectivity and spread function for otter , beaver numerous and Fish species ”protects. At Alt-Schadow there is also the nature protection and FFH area Josinsky-Luch in the floodplain of the Krummen Spree and in the southwestern edge of the plateau up to the Godnasee . Furthermore, the FFH and nature reserve Spreebögen near Briescht is identified with 111 hectares east of Briescht  . The FFH profile characterizes the area as follows: "A straightened section of the Spreemitte run with connected, distinctive meanders and enclosed and adjacent, predominantly grassland-dominated meadow vegetation."

Ranziger See , part of the "Schwielochsee" nature reserve

Further protected areas are in the eastern edge of the plate in the Schwielochsee-Spree-Rinne:

  • The Schwielochsee conservation area includes the Schwielochsee and the floodplain to Beeskow. The federal highway 87 forms its western border, so that it includes the Ranziger See, Tiefen See and Leipsee.
  • The 108-hectare nature reserve and FFH area of ​​the Alte Spree Estuary is located in the landscape protection area . It is located in the south-eastern part of an "island" that is bordered by the Sawaller Altarm , today's main arm of the Krumme Spree and the Schwielochsee. The old arm (actually a side arm ) flows into the Schwielochsee, the main arm into the so-called neck between the Schwielochsee and Glower See. The soil of the protected area consists predominantly of low earth bog with a permanently high groundwater level. The aim of the protective measures is, among other things, the preservation of the pipe grass meadows .
  • Another part of the Schwielochsee landscape protection area is declared as a nature conservation and FFH area Spreewiesen south of Beeskow , which also extends as far as the federal highway 87. The NSG covers 487 hectares and aims, among other things, at the protection of “valuable biotopes , in particular of standing and flowing waters, of fen and silting areas with their various types of swamp , reed and reed communities , from dry to moist grassland characteristics and their fallow areas , from species-rich Edges , groups of trees , alder breaks , alluvial forest relics and mixed oak forests ; [...]. "
  • North of Beeskow, roughly between Radinkendorf and Neubrück, follows the nature conservation and FFH area Schwarzberge and Spreeniederung with 695 hectares . The biotopes to be protected in the floodplain correspond roughly to the biotopes in the NSG Spreewiesen south of Beeskow . The core area of ​​the NSG, the Kleine Schwarzberg, is already east of the Spree in the Ragows district .

Settlement and administrative history

There are traces of settlement on the Beeskower Platte from prehistoric times . The list of soil monuments in Rietz-Neuendorf for numerous places and the soil monument list Tauche for the villages of Falkenberg, Lindenberg and Görsdorf shows primeval settlements and / or settlements from the Neolithic , resting places and workplaces from the Mesolithic and Bronze Age settlements.

The Beeskow Castle , the center of the rule Beeskow and later the seat of the Office Beeskow
Gabled farmhouses in Falkenberg

In Briescht reindeer hunters left behind a silex inventory (cf. Silex and inventory ) from the last cold phase in the Younger Dryas period (around 10,000 BC ), which is attributed to the Ahrensburg culture . The sparse Germanic settlement of the East Brandenburg lake and heather area did not take place until the older Roman Empire towards the end of the 2nd century AD. It is associated with the Burgundians and the Przeworsk culture . Two of the few spätkaiserzeitlich- Migration period settlements were at Briescht and Wolzig discovered. From the 4th century the Germanic settlers migrated from the area.

The Slavic conquest of the plateau took place in isolated cases as early as the 7th century, as, according to Sophie Wauer, the handcrafted, largely undecorated ceramics that were found in Briescht, Görsdorf and Sauen, characteristic of the early Slavic period, show. This ceramic was assigned to the Sukow-Szeligi group , but this group term from the 1980s has since been discarded. In Rietz-Neuendorf there are several ground monuments from the Slavic Middle Ages, in Buckow a Slavic castle wall from this period is protected. The conquest of land in the course of the German settlement in the east took place out of Wettin at the beginning of the 13th century . The Beeskower Platte became the center of the Beeskow rule, which belonged to the margraviate of Lausitz . It was not until 1575 that the Beeskow rule and with it the plateau actually fell to Brandenburg.

From 1518 to 1872/1874 the plateau was mainly part of the Beeskow office . Up until the peasant liberation , almost every place was an agricultural manor . In 1736 the "soldier king" Friedrich Wilhelm I acquired the goods and the Kossenblatt castle . The royal property was extended to other parts of the plateau. From this, the king formed the Kossenblatt office , which he incorporated into his rule of Wusterhausen (later the rule of King Wusterhausen ), where these areas remained until 1872. The agriculture remained in the 20th century the central sector on the plateau. In the so-called "collectivization phase" of the GDR between 1952 and 1960, the companies were transferred to agricultural production cooperatives  (LPG). For the settlement, economic and administrative history in detail as well as the present, see the information in the respective local articles. A set-off of the number of inhabitants in chapter 3.1. recorded locations results in a total population of around 19,000 for the Beeskower Platte at the end of 2013.

The Beeskower Platte in Literature

Theodor Fontane visited Kossenblatt Castle in May 1862 on his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg . The way from Beeskow to the castle led him over the plateau.

“A light car picked me up and in the burning heat of the sun I made my way. The landscape was downright desolate and every village to come appeared even poorer than the one before. Milling sand and pine heather, in between fallow and fruit fields, the latter so meager that I thought I could count the stalks. "

- Thedor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. The Oderland. 1863.

Around twenty years later, from April 7th to 9th, 1881, Fontane undertook another trip to the region, which he called an Easter trip to the Beeskow-Storkow region , even if it took place a week before Easter. He visited Pieskow and the Groß Rietz Castle, among others . Again the desolate desolation and poverty of the plateau caught his eye. He recorded the sentence from his coachman Moll : “Is that one area! In Saarow there is nothing, I know that, and here in Pieskow there is nothing at all. ”On the way from Pieskow to Groß Rietz he wrote:“ Half an hour later we said goodbye and drove out of the inhospitable Pieskow, which no longer even has a tombstone talked of better times (when there were better times) out into the sandy, hilly Feldmark . "

De Bruyns “untimely silence” over a rapeseed field between Ahrensdorf and Werder

The writer Günter de Bruyn , who has lived in the former Blabberschäferei on Blabbergraben since 1969 , dedicated his 2006 work Abseits to the Beeskower Platte . Declaration of love to a landscape , in which, according to literary critic Andreas Isenschmid, he elicits “innumerable nuances” from the supposed monotony of the landscape. This landscape is monotonous, writes de Bruyn, only for those passing through. The "advantages of the area to be described here" consist above all in what it lacks, its "lack of people, stimuli and noises." The "best thing about these brittle, often repellent beauties" is their "untimely silence."

“The plateau lacks forests; In the midst of its spacious fields it shows only isolated forests that escaped the rigorous land consolidation of the sixties and seventies of the last century. […] Half a century ago, when many independent farmers were still cultivating their land, things looked different here. The arable land was still divided into many parcels, there were countless other paths that connected the villages with one another and led to the individual fields. There were many field margins that were passed with bedstraw and chicory [...]. "

- Günter de Bruyn : Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape. 2006, p. 22 f.

In the likewise literary-documentary work Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle. from 2014, de Bruyn states that the landscape is not characterized by "grandeur and sublime, such as rocky mountains or endless plains, but rather by varied, fragmented elements [...]."

literature

  • Günter de Bruyn : Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape. With photos by Rüdiger Südhoff. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag , Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 978-3-596-16663-3 .
  • Günter de Bruyn: Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle . S. Fischer Verlag , Frankfurt am Main 2014 ISBN 978-3-10-009835-1 .
  • Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg in 8 volumes , edited by Gotthard Erler a. Rudolf Mingau, Aufbau Verlag Berlin 1997, 57 ills., 5175 pages ISBN 3-351-03104-1
  • Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin - Investigations into the young Quaternary landscape development between Unterspreewald and Nuthe. Dissertation, Humboldt University Berlin, 2001. Also in: Berlin Geographical Works 95. Berlin 2003 ISBN 3-9806807-2-X . Chapter 1 Introduction online , Chapters 2 to 7 can also be accessed online from the top or bottom of every chapter page.
  • Management planning Natura 2000 in the state of Brandenburg. (Management planning Natura 2000 for FFH areas 37, 58, 221, 265, 337, 651). Processing: Engineering and planning office LANGE GbR. Ed .: Ministry for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection of the State of Brandenburg (MUGV) and the Brandenburg Nature Conservation Fund Foundation. Potsdam 2014 ( PDF ).
  • Carl Petersen : The history of the Beeskow-Storkow district. Reprint of the 1922 edition. Ed .: Wolfgang de Bruyn . Findling Verlag, Neuenhagen 2002 ISBN 3-933603-19-6 .
  • Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. (HOL) Part IX: Beeskow - Storkow (= publications of the Potsdam State Archives . Volume 25). Publishing house Klaus-D. Becker, Potsdam 2011, ISBN 978-3-941919-86-0 (reprint of the edition: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 ).
  • Werner Stackebrandt : Neotectonic activity areas in Brandenburg (Northern Germany). In: Brandenburg Geoscientific Contributions , 1,2 2005, Ed .: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, Cottbus 2005 PDF pp. 165–172.
  • Sophie Wauer: Brandenburg name book. Part 12: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district . After preliminary work by Klaus Müller. ( Berlin Contributions to Name Research , Volume 13). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 .
  • Wolfgang Zwenger: The geology of the Scharmützelsee area. In: Kreiskalender Oder-Spree 2012. Ed .: Landkreis Oder-Spree, Office for Education, Culture and Sport, Beeskow, editorial deadline September 30, 2011, pp. 50–56.

Web links

Commons : Beeskower Platte  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg : Brandenburg-viewer ( Memento from September 4, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) (Menu - "More data" - click and select accordingly; to the district boundaries "Liegenschaftskataster" and there Activate "Markings".)
  2. ↑ Werner Stackebrandt, Volker Manhenke (Ed.): Atlas for the geology of Brandenburg . State Office for Geosciences and Raw Materials Brandenburg (today: State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, LBGR), 2nd edition, 142 pp., 43 maps, Kleinmachnow 2002, ISBN 3-9808157-0-6 , p. 9.
  3. ↑ Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin [...]. Chapter 1: Fig. 1: The landscape structure south of Berlin (greatly simplified) .
  4. ↑ a b c Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin […]. Chapter 1: Fig. 2: Plates and glacial valleys in the young moraine south of Berlin .
  5. ↑ Management planning Natura 2000 in the state of Brandenburg. P. 4.
  6. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation : Landscape profiles . ( Memento from April 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Select "Brandenburg", there area no. Call 82401 Beeskower and Leuthener Platte .
  7. ↑ Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries in the Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V .: Ecologically justified management concept for the Spree under the aspect of mining-related flow reduction. IGB reports, Issue 11, Berlin 2001 ISSN  1432-508X http://www.igb-berlin.de/IGB-Publikationen/IGB_Bericht_11_2001.pdf (link not available) p. 9 f.
  8. ↑ GEOS Freiberg Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH: Carrying out special investigations regarding sulfate in the Brandenburg catchment area of ​​the Spree under the conditions of rehabilitation and active mining. Client: State Environment Agency Brandenburg. Freiberg 2009 PDF p. 12 f.
  9. ↑ a b Wolfgang Zwenger: The geology of the Scharmützelsee area. [...] p. 52 f.
  10. ↑ Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin [...]. Chapter 4.6: Glacial channels in the young moraine south of Berlin .
  11. ↑ a b c Gerd Huschek, Matthis Kayser: Investigation of the soils in the direct vicinity of the UBA measuring network locations in the new federal states to complete the nationwide environmental observation network with a view to integrated and representative monitoring. Ed .: Federal Environment Agency , research report 29971226 UBA-FB 0, Berlin 2002 ISSN  0722-186X PDF p. 49 ff.
  12. ↑ Wolfgang Zwenger: The geology of the Scharmützelseegebiet. [...] p. 51 f.
  13. ^ Werner Stackebrandt: Neotectonic activity areas in Brandenburg (Northern Germany). [...] p. 167.
  14. ↑ Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm u. a .: Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany, part 5, Brandenburg , environmental research plan of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety , final report R&D project FKZ 299 24 274, on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency at the Chair of Water Protection at the Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus , 2004 PDF , see Chapter 1.25 Scharmützelsee p. 107.
  15. ↑ Management planning Natura 2000 in the state of Brandenburg. Map p. 5. Note: The inclusion of the areas south of the Spree and east of the Schwielochsee-Spree-Rinne in the natural spatial unit of the Beeskower Platte is doubtful.
  16. ^ Werner Stackebrandt: Neotectonic activity areas in Brandenburg (Northern Germany). [...] p. 167 f.
  17. ^ Werner Stackebrandt: Neotectonic activity areas in Brandenburg (Northern Germany). [...] pp. 168, 170 f.
  18. ↑ Carl Petersen : The history of the Beeskow-Storkow district. [...] p. 372.
  19. ^ German Meteorological Service: Mean precipitation levels 1961–1990 ; see values ​​for Beeskow download via DWD mean values
  20. ^ Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg / Richard-Aßmann-Observatorium : Climate Primer ( Memento from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Ed .: Deutscher Wetterdienst . Lindenberg, 2014. See in particular the Lindenberg climate values table on the last page (after Fig. 20).
  21. ^ Günter de Bruyn : Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle , S. Fischer Verlag, 2014, ISBN 3-10-009835-8 , p. 21.
  22. ^ State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), Brandenburg: List of lakes. As of April 3, 2012. pp. 20, 33, 42, 67.
  23. ^ Landesumweltamt Brandenburg (LUGV): River directory, source data set gewnet25 Version 4.0 . As of April 25, 2014, pp. 4, 5, 9, 11, 27, 42. Note: The Briescht-Stremmener Fliess is listed here (as in the Brandenburg Viewer) in the incorrect spelling Brietsch-Stremmener Fliess.
  24. ↑ Elbe river basin community (Ed.): Draft of the update of the management plan according to § 83 WHG or Article 13 of Directive 2000/60 / EC for the German part of the Elbe river basin district for the period from 2016 to 2021. Appendix 5-2: List of Surface water bodies with information on pressures, status, effects of pressures and the achievement of management objectives. ( Memento of April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Magdeburg 2014, p. 20. (For the explanatory legend to the list on this page, open the appendices and select or download appendix A5-0 legend overview and explanations .)
  25. ↑ State Environment Agency Brandenburg: EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). Water development concept (GEK) Krumme Spree. ( Memento from August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Flyer, Potsdam 2010.
  26. ↑ Management planning Natura 2000 in the state of Brandenburg. Pp. 37-41.
  27. ↑ Holger Ellmann, Ingenieurbüro Ellmann / Schulze GbR: Discussion of the principles for establishing ecological continuity in small rivers using the example of GEK "Krumme Spree". ( Memento of April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Published by: Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture Brandenburg (MLUL), undated.
  28. ↑ a b Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN): Map service for protected areas in Germany. Dive section (scroll back and forth for the respective protected areas and select the settings in the level overview depending on the type of protected area you are looking for).
  29. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the landscape protection area "Scharmützelseegebiet". (GVBl.II / 02, No. 20, p. 454.). Potsdam, June 11, 2002.
  30. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the "Dahme-Heideseen" landscape protection area. (GVBl.II / 98, No. 19, p. 454.) Potsdam, June 11, 1998.
  31. ↑ 3850-301 Schwenower Forest.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  32. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning: Ordinance on the "Schwenower Forest" nature reserve. (GVBl.II / 04, No. 29, p. 779.) Potsdam, September 8, 2004.
  33. ↑ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the landscape protection area "Krumme Spree". (GVBl.II / 01, No. 03, p. 30.). Potsdam, December 19, 2000.
  34. ↑ 3651-303 Spree.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  35. ↑ The Council of Ministers of the German Democratic Republic: Ordinance on the establishment of nature reserves and a landscape conservation area of ​​central importance with the overall designation "Spreewald Biosphere Reserve". (GVBl.II / 90, No. 1473, see special print.) September 12, 1990, amended by ordinance of May 19, 2014 (GVBl.II / 14, No. 28). For the Josinsky-Luch nature reserve, see section 4 (3) of the ordinance.
  36. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the nature reserve "Spreebögen bei Briescht". From June 26, 2002 (GVBl.II / 02, No. 21, p. 472.). Potsdam, June 26, 2002. Entry into force of the regulation: August 27, 2002.
  37. ↑ 3850-302 Spreebögen near Briescht.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  38. ↑ NaturSchutzFonds Brandenburg (Ed.): Management planning Natura 2000 in the state of Brandenburg. Abstract - Management plan for the area "Old Spree Estuary". Potsdam, 2014.
  39. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the nature reserve "Spreewiesen south of Beeskow". (GVBl.II / 03, No. 13, p. 269.). Potsdam, December 20, 2002.
  40. ^ Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg: Ordinance on the nature reserve "Schwarzberge und Spreeniederung". (GVBl.II / 03, No. 13, p. 262.). Potsdam, December 17, 2002.
  41. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. P. 12, 16.
  42. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. P. 17.
  43. ↑ Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. (HOL). Pp. 40f, 137, 295f.
  44. ↑ Carl Petersen: The history of the Beeskow-Storkow district. [...] p. 400.
  45. ^ Theodor Fontane : Wanderings […]. Volume 2: The Oderland , Chapter: On the Hohen-Barnim , Section: Castle Kossenblatt. Note: even if Schloss Kossenblatt territorially belongs neither to the Oderland nor to Barnim , Fontane left this section in this volume and under this section in later editions. For more on this, on Fontane's reasons and on the travel dates, see the editor's comments in the appendix, p. 647.
  46. ^ Theodor Fontane: Wanderings […]. Volume 4: Spreeland , chapter: An Easter trip to the Beeskow-Storkow region , sections: Am Schermützel and Groß Rietz ; For the travel dates, see the editor's comments in the appendix, p. 482.
  47. ↑ Andreas Isenschmid : A man with style on Blabbergraben. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , April 3, 2005. (Webpaper).
  48. ^ Günter de Bruyn : Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape. Pp. 10, 15, 24, 184.
  49. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle. P. 19.