Natural development area
Nature development area is a term that originated in the Netherlands and describes areas that are deliberately to be returned to a near-natural or natural state. The term wilderness development area is used analogously in Germany .
As seen in the 1970s, recognized that the new Flevoland - polder would actually not necessarily needed, since there is already a significant agricultural overproduction in the then EEC was and the cost of infrastructure in such a sparsely populated area are high, it was left Parts of the polder itself. This area quickly became a “bird's paradise”. After a few years, natural succession (the sequence of merging states of plant or animal communities in one location with advancing time, the natural process of change in an ecosystem) led to increasing encroachment of these open landscapes. So a model was created to create a natural dynamic through megaherbivores (large herbivores), which should preserve the open land biotopes with almost no human intervention. Spectacular success was achieved and this model was then transferred to other parts of the Netherlands, as there are hardly any near-natural forest or bush landscapes there.
Modifications of this model are now being discussed for areas in the Baltic States and other parts of Eastern Europe , and some are already being implemented, since there are huge areas available there after the dissolution of the kolkhozes that can no longer be used economically. If the Dutch model is applied, the production of “organic” meat or the like could at least be profitable without high investments. In addition, a new branch of tourism could emerge. In this context, people have already spoken of new “jungles” in Europe . Such models are also being discussed for parts of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Brandenburg .
In Brandenburg, the term nature development area is also used for former total reserves . According to Section 21 (2) of the Brandenburg Nature Conservation Act, the regulation
"[...] identify zones within a nature reserve that are beyond direct human influence and in which the habitats and communities are left to develop naturally over the long term (natural development areas)."