Blabbermühle

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The Blabbermühle ground monument is a former watermill on Blabbergraben in the Oder-Spree district of Brandenburg . The area of ​​the cultural property is located west of Görsdorf , a district of the municipality of Tauche . The name refers onomatopoeic for the sound of working, chattering mill.

The mill operation was stopped in the 1920s. After the last owners used the property for agricultural purposes until around 1952 and then left, the buildings have largely fallen apart today. Above the mill there were two post windmills , of which there are no more traces. The neighboring blabber sheep farm, however, is still inhabited. It was bought in 1968 by the writer Günter de Bruyn as a residence and is now run under the name Blabber as part of Görsdorf. On maps the entire ensemble is listed generally still considered Blabbermühle.

The ruins of the Blabbermühle around 1980, which have since been demolished

Location and natural space

The Blabbermühle and the Blabberschäferei are located in the southwest of the Beeskower Platte , which is listed in the main natural units of Germany as No. 824 in the main unit group No. 82 East Brandenburg Heath and Lake District . In the subsurface of the plate , the Saale Ice Age ground moraine predominate , which is largely overlaid by the flat, undulating terminal moraine formations of the last Ice Age . The approximately 14 kilometers long Blabbergraben connects and drains five elongated lakes in a glacial channel of the plateau from north to south into the Krumme Spree between Werder and Kossenblatt . In this area, the Spree flows from west to east in the Brieschter valley, which separates the Beeskower Platte from the Lieberoser Platte to the south .

Blabbermühle and blabberschäferei in the Prussian premiere from 1846

Blabber is situated at a height of about 54 meters at the central portion of the stream between the Premsdorfer lake and Drobschsee on the western edge of the district of Görsdorf; the Görsdorf village center is around 1.5 kilometers to the east. West of Blabbers is the Schwenows district , a village in the Limsdorf district of Storkow . The site is not connected to the road network and can only be reached via forest paths. In the shepherd's area, a footbridge leads over the once water-rich river , which in this section now usually runs dry in the summer months. The area of ​​the mill follows around 200 meters upstream. Both areas extend on the west side of the Blabbergraben, the channel of which forms an approximately 200-meter-wide valley, which is partly bordered by steep sandy slopes.

The trench is flanked in the Blabber valley by alder and hazelnut bushes . The entire area is embedded in an extensive forest area which belongs to the Schwenower Forest nature reserve east of the moat . The mill and the sheep farm - located on the other side of grave - are of the nature reserve left out, but are part of the nature park Dahme-Heide lakes and conservation area Dahme-Heide lakes .

history

Archaeological finds and the soil monuments of the municipality of Tauche indicate an early, prehistoric settlement of the region. Around 700 meters south of the former sheep farm, in the middle of the valley of the Blabbergraben, rises the 58.1 meter high ground monument Räuberberg , a castle or fortification carved out of a natural hill from the first two centuries of the German East Settlement . The German settlement of the area, which at that time belonged to the Saxon rule Beeskow of the margraviate Lausitz , took place at the beginning of the 13th century. Earlier assumptions that it was a Slavic system have not been confirmed. Place names such as Schwenow or Premsdorf remain from the Slavic settlement period.

Blabbermühle

The Blabbermühle is designated as a ground monument under the name Mühle Neuzeit . In the list of archaeological monuments it is listed as number 90836 under “Görsdorf (B)”.

First mentions and naming

The Blabbergraben in the area of ​​the former mill

As far as is known, the watermill was first mentioned in writing on June 15, 1518 in the Storkow estate register . Thereafter, from the Gyrszdorffischen Möllen to Zinsz 1 shock, from a mill called the Springkmühlle, XXXII gr., To Rogken IV schfl., To habern II schfl., Hünnern I to be paid. The historical local lexicon (HOL) and Brandenburg name book classify the Gyrszdorffische Mölle (Görsdorfer Mühle) as a blabber mill, the Springkmühle is no longer mentioned in later sources. The name book gives the year 1730 and the HOL the year 1741 as the written documented first name of the Görsdorfer mill as Blabbermühle . However, Günter de Bruyn has found significantly earlier entries in the baptism, death and marriage register of the parish of Wulfersdorf . On the occasion of a baptism on February 1, 1657, a godfather from the shepherd's workshop at the Blabbermühle is mentioned. According to de Bruyn, residents of Blabber regularly appear in this baptismal register as baptized children, parents or godparents , for example Georg der Blabbermüller or the old shepherdess from Blabber . From around 1700 mentions with first and last names appeared such as Master Christian Hennings Blabber Müller .

In 1775, the geographer Anton Friedrich Büsching cited the spelling Plapper-Schäferey in the Complete Topography of the Mark Brandenburg , which refers to the etymology of the name Blabber . The name contains the Brandenburg verb blabbern for babble, talk a lot and inconsiderate that is onomatopoeic refers to that caused by the mill noise; compare the idiom She has a mouth like a chatterbox , that is, she keeps talking. From the Blabbermühle the name was later transferred to the Blabbergraben, the first time in 1745 under that name (hyphenated as Blabber trench appears).

development

The ditch by the mill

In 1691 the Blabbermühle is listed as a mill in Görsdorf with one gear and one miller. 1745 a Gang and Grützstampfen are mentioned. In 1774/75, two Büdner and other and two campfire sites with 14 residents are specified for the entire ensemble of wind and water mills in Görsdorf and Plapper-Schäferei . In 1858, the watermill is documented as a grain, cutting and oil mill with two residential and three farm buildings and 20 residents. In 1925 the number of residents fell to 13. Around 1800, the Beeskow Office listed Blabbermühle as a separate place, located in the Görsdorf district. In 1931, 1950 and 1957 it was designated as the residential area of the Görsdorf community, which was still independent at the time . In 1801 and 1837 the mill was in Görsdorf and in 1897 in Ahrensdorf .

If the mill, like the sheep farm, was administered by the Beeskow office in the 16th and 17th centuries, it was given a long lease around 1700 . In 1725 Gottfriede Henning was first referred to as Erbmüller on the Blabber . In 1808 Christian Friedrich Kolbe called himself the mill master and owner of the Blabbermühle. The mill remained in the possession of the Kolbe family until 1850. The widow of the last mill master, Kolbe, married the mill master Albert Bislich from Hermsdorf in 1850, who in 1858 announced his intention to build a new boiler house on his mill property located there and to set up a steam engine with 10-12 horse power to better operate his water mill [... ]. In addition, he wanted to expand the mill with a grinder and cleaning machine. It is unclear to what extent Bislich implemented the project and whether it was profitable. In the next few decades there were two more changes of ownership. In 1892 the mill went to Julius Wendt. In the 1920s, Wendt's grandson stopped running the mill and worked as a farmer on the mill establishment until he fled the GDR in 1952.

Building and decay

After Wendt's escape, the mill, barns and stables fell into disrepair. All that remained was a massive building with a tiled roof, into which a simple clay frame building with a thatched roof had been converted as an old part in 1924 . In the 1970s, the buildings were looted and house builders from the area bought bricks.

The writer Günter de Bruyn describes the mill building for 1968 as a stately two-storey brick building with high field stone foundations, which at that time was still fairly intact . The grinder, windows, doors and floorboards were missing, but the roof and walls were still intact and the tiled stoves were still there. In 2005 all that remained of the mill was a pile of rubble overgrown by trees and bushes. The lower-lying farm yard had become a primeval forest as early as 1968 through the growth of elder bushes, acacias and ash trees, and the barn and stables had collapsed. The stone walls, however, would have withstood all rigors.

Post windmills

The windmill above the watermill in the Schmettauschen map series from 1767/87

There are no more remains of the two post mills . A windmill stood on the eastern slope above the water mill in the direction of Görsdorf. It was probably built between 1704 and 1725. In 1743 it is documented with the indication of Erbmüller with water and windmill in Görsdorf , 1745 with a corridor and 1767/87 in the Schmettauschen map series . Mentioned again in documents in 1801 and 1837, it burned down in 1848, was rebuilt in 1855 and again fell victim to the fire in 1907. The second mill is said to have existed only for a short time in the first half of the 19th century. According to de Bruyn, it was first recorded on the maps of the region in 1810 and for the last time in 1846. The Urmes table sheet of the Prussian map from 1846 shows them east of the blabber sheep farm on the way to Görsdorf.

Blabbering

Entries to the end of sheep farming

The Blabberschäferei was named like the Blabbergraben after the Blabbermühle. After a shepherd was recorded in 1600, the sheep farm appears for the first time on February 1, 1657 in the above-mentioned church register of Wulfersdorf with the naming of a godfather from the sheep farm at the Blabbermühle . According to HOL, a sheep farm appears in the documents for Görsdorf for the first time in 1684. After Büsching's entry with the designation as Plapper-Schäferey (see above), today's spelling Blabberschäferei was first published in 1801. In 1807, the so-called sheep farm of the Blabbermühle was assigned to the royal Vorwerk Görsdorf. In 1858 it was mentioned again as part of the Vorwerk. At that time, the sheep farming came to an end due to the increasing competitive pressure from the import of cheap wool. The last shepherd to appear in the Wulfersdorfer parish register was Friedrich Wollenburg in 1852.

Bahr agriculture

Area of ​​the former sheep farm in 2014

In the following decades, day laborers , cottagers , Büdner, bricklayer and carpenter journeyman used the sheep farm as a cheap place to live. Around 1900 the cottager Gottfried Lehmann from Buckow acquired the sheep farm and sold it in the 1920s to Adolf Bahr, who came from Niederlausitz . The Bahrs tried to keep themselves afloat on the barren, sandy property with a small farm. For want of a horse the field was plowed with the only cow, electricity did not exist, the water came from a draw-well next to the house. The only child, Rudi, born in 1918, often had to forego school and instead help with beet chopping and loading hay. The taxes could hardly be earned.

“Adolf Bahr worked his way to death, as it was said, in the fifties, and since Rudi […] did not return from Russia, the widow Bahr was soon alone in the increasingly dilapidated house. Since her only neighbors, the mill owners, were fed up with the misery in the currentless wasteland at the beginning of the 1950s and were looking for a better life in the west, she was the only resident of Blabber. "

- Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape. 2006, p. 166.

After her husband's death in 1955, she lived on and with her chickens and geese, which she constantly had to defend against buzzards , foxes and martens , and on her tiny pension. Attempts to save their economy by remarrying failed. Since her son Rudi was never reported missing or killed, despite her financial misery, she saved up until her death for her son in the quirky certainty that Rudi would come back. When Charlotte Bahr, who came from Lower Silesia and was considered stingy in the village, died in Beeskow Hospital in 1967 at the age of 84 , she left 2000  East and 200  West Marks in a jar, buried in the clay floor of the pantry. Since Ms. Bahr had informed the mayor about her legacy before her death with the stipulation that Rudi would continue to keep the money for Rudi, he was able to secure the jar in good time before looters from the village, who suspected real treasures in the house, went on a treasure hunt.

building

Ditch bridge at the sheep farm

Günter de Bruyn bought the abandoned property in 1968 and has lived there in his main residence since 1969 . His son Wolfgang de Bruyn , also a writer and until August 2016 director of the Kleist Museum in Frankfurt (Oder) , also lives in the desert in Blabber.

When Günter de Bruyn discovered the former sheep farm by chance on a hike in 1968, he found an overgrown garden that reached to the Blabbergraben, a rotten pedestrian bridge, a rickety barn, a stable building with stone walls without a roof and a largely intact house. The small squat house, which had been built on a low fieldstone base in 1870, had brick cladding, crumbling clay walls inside and a red, perforated tiled roof. It was framed by crooked trees and overgrown green plants and had a living room, a kitchen, a bedroom, a pantry, an attic and a cellar vaulted from field stones. The floorboards had been gnawed by mice. In the meantime a hand pump had been installed in the kitchen that still gave water. From 1968 the buildings were gradually renovated and the stable was supplemented by an extension for books and a desk. In addition, Blabber was connected to the power grid.

Refuge de Bruyns

Refuge de Bruyns

The writer, who has received numerous literary prizes and honors, was at first sight fascinated by the former sheep farm and the unspoilt tranquility of the landscape and, as he later told Deutschlandradio , immediately had the feeling that I could be at home here - to the incomprehension of his friends who had accompanied him on the hike. Not least, he chose this wasteland as a refuge from the pressure to conform in the GDR. […] [E] in exile without a difficult change, an escape without a loss of home , he wrote in 2006 in his literary-documentary work Abseits. Declaration of love to a landscape . He confided in the literary critic Andreas Isenschmid : I emigrated without leaving the country that held me. I had escaped the state on its own territory. De Bruyn, who in October 1989 had refused to accept the GDR's national prize because of the government's rigidity, intolerance and inability to enter into dialogue , stated that this flight was an illusion, at the latest when he inspected his Stasi files , in which he had precise details Directions to Blabber and building floor plans were found.

literature

  • Günter de Bruyn : Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape . With photos by Rüdiger Südhoff. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag , Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 978-3-596-16663-3
  • K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski (Eds.): The names of the waters of Brandenburg. (= Brandenburg name book, part 10; Berlin contributions to name research, volume 11). Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 .
  • Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. (HOL) Part IX: Beeskow - Storkow. (Publications of the Potsdam State Archives , Volume 25). Publishing house Klaus-D. Becker, Potsdam 2011, ISBN 978-3-941919-86-0 (reprint of the edition: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 ).
  • Sophie Wauer: Brandenburg name book. Part 12: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district . After preliminary work by Klaus Müller. ( Berlin Contributions to Name Research , Volume 13). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 .

Web links

Commons : Blabbermühle und Blabbberschäferei  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Community of Tauche. Ed .: Mediaprint Infoverlag in cooperation with the Tauche community. Mering 2013, p. 10.
  2. ↑ a b Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000 (menu - "More data" - click and select accordingly; switch to the district boundaries "real estate cadastre" and there "districts".)
  3. ↑ Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin - investigations into the young Quaternary landscape development between Unterspreewald and Nuthe. S. 2. Dissertation, Humboldt University Berlin, 2001. Also in: Berliner Geographische Arbeit 95. ISBN 3-9806807-2-X , Berlin 2003. See Figure 2 Plates and glacial valleys in the young moraine south of Berlin in Chapter 1 and Chapter 4 Fig. 32 and subsections 4.3.4.3 and 4.3.4.5 .
  4. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape . Pp. 48ff, 178f.
  5. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN): Map service for protected areas in Germany. Detail in the area of ​​the Blabbergraben.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang de Bruyn : Trademark of a region - monuments in the eastern part of the Dahme-Heideseen nature park. (PDF) In: NABU RV Dahmeland e. V: JahreBuch 2001 , Prieros ISSN  1869-0920 pp. 49-54. See sheet 2 in the online version.
  7. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape . P. 55.
  8. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. Pp. 94, 105f.
  9. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Oder-Spree (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum; "Görsdorf (B)" stands for Görsdorf bei Beeskow to distinguish it from "Görsdorf (S)" = Görsdorf bei Storkow .
  10. ↑ Erbgregister the rule Storkow June 15, 1518. In: Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis , first main section, Volume XX, Berlin 1861, p 502 Google .
  11. ↑ HOL, pp. 33f, 256.
  12. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. Pp. 48, 109.
  13. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 162.
  14. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. P. 48f.
  15. ↑ General designation and description of all in the Chur Mark and incorporated lands occupied and / or touching bodies of water, such as rivers, streams, Lücher, brooks, canals, ditches, lakes, puddles, ponds, etc. [...] . In: Specification of the villages and towns of the Kurmark from 1745. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv , Pr. Br. Rep. 2, S 8.592, S. 216. According to: K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski (Eds.): Die Water body names of Brandenburg. (= Brandenburg name book, part 10; Berlin contributions to name research, volume 11). Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , p. 33.
  16. ↑ a b HOL, pp. 33f., 90ff.
  17. ↑ All information, including quotations, from: Günter de Bruyn: Abseits. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 163f. Announcement of the mill master Bislich p. 164.
  18. ^ A b Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 164ff.
  19. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 166.
  20. ↑ HOL, pp. 34, 89f.
  21. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , pp. 162, 166.
  22. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , pp. 166ff, 172f, 176f.
  23. ^ Announcement from the Kleist Museum: Review 2016
  24. ^ Elke Lang: The scientist, writer and publicist Wolfgang de Bruyn. In: Kreiskalender Oder-Spree 2013. Ed .: Landkreis Oder-Spree, Office for Education, Culture and Sport, Beeskow, editorial deadline September 30, 2012, pp. 80–84.
  25. ↑ a b Nana Brink: Built on sand. 850 years of Brandenburg. Manuscript for the Deutschlandrundfahrt broadcast on Deutschlandradio on June 9, 2007 (including an interview with Günter de Bruyn on site in Blabber.)
  26. ↑ a b Andreas Isenschmid : A man with style on Blabbergraben. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , April 3, 2005. (Webpaper).
  27. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , pp. 47–52.
  28. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 48.

Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 16.4 ″  N , 14 ° 4 ′ 0.5 ″  E