Drobschsee

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Drobschsee
Drobschsee 02.jpg
North basin, view from the east bank to the west,
August 2014
Geographical location Germany , Brandenburg
Tributaries Blabbergraben , Schwenowseegraben from Schwenowsee
Drain Blabbergraben → Krumme Spree → Havel → Elbe
Places on the shore Drobsch (living space in Görsdorf , a district of the municipality of Tauche )
Location close to the shore Beeskow , Storkow
Data
Coordinates 52 ° 8 '22 "  N , 14 ° 3' 22"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 8 '22 "  N , 14 ° 3' 22"  E
Drobschsee (Brandenburg)
Drobschsee
Altitude above sea level 44  m above sea level NHN
surface 13,157 ha
length 1.2 km
width 220 m
scope 2,734 km
Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE LAKE WIDTH Template: Infobox Lake / Maintenance / EVIDENCE SCOPE

The Drobschsee is a 13  hectare natural lake in the southwest of the Görsdorf district , a district of the Brandenburg municipality of Tauche in the Oder-Spree district . On the north-eastern shore of the lake, on the site of a former brickworks, there is Görsdorf's Drobsch residential area .

The elongated Rinnensee is the southernmost body of water in a five-part chain of lakes, which is connected by the Blabbergraben and drained from north to south into the Krumme Spree between Kossenblatt and Werder . The lake is part of the Dahme-Heideseen nature park and the FFH / nature reserve Schwenower Forest . Within the nature reserve , the southern part of the lake with its silted up parts and the adjoining part of the Blabbergraben up to the confluence with the Spree is designated as a nature development area (formerly: total reserve ) under the name Drobschseerinne . The zone, which is withdrawn from direct human influence, is intended to ensure the preservation of natural water and vegetation dynamics with their silting stages.

geography

Geology and natural space

The Drobschsee is located on the southern foothills of the Beeskower Platte , which is listed as No. 824 in the natural spatial main units of Germany in the main unit group No. 82 East Brandenburg Heath and Lake District . In the subsurface of the plate , the Saale Ice Age ground moraine predominate , which is largely overlaid by the flat, undulating terminal moraine formations of the last Ice Age .

In the Prussian first recording from 1846, the Drobschsee extends to the Spree. It ends today on the same level as the south bank of the neighboring Schwenowsee . The remaining, silted up part is traversed by the Blabbergraben and belongs to the Drobschseerinne natural development area in the NSG Schwenower Forest .

The lake is part of the glacial trough of Blabbergrabens that in the north the Herzberger Lake starts and the Lindenberger , Ahrens Dorfer , Premsdorfer lake and Drobschsee in an oxbow lake drained Krumme Spree. Due to its strongly meandering course, the Spree between Neuendorfer See and Schwielochsee is known as the Krumme Spree . In this section, the Spree flows in the glacial Brieschter valley from west to east and separates the Beeskower Platte from the Lieberoser Platte / Leuthener Sandplatte to the south . The Blabbergrabenrinne runs parallel to the western Scharmützelsee- Glubigseen-Rinne, whose meltwater originally flowed south towards the Baruther glacial valley like that of the Blabbergrabenrinne , but whose direction of flow reversed to the north to the Berlin glacial valley after the glacial period. About 280 meters west of the Drobschsees extends, also in north-south orientation, 24.73  hectares comprehensive Schwenowsee whose water over the Schwenowseegraben enter the Drobschsee.

Places and surroundings

The lake is located in the southwest of the Görsdorf district . The village center of Görsdorf (church) is located around 2.4 kilometers northeast of the water. About 100 meters to the northeast is the Drobsch residential area in Görsdorf, which consists of four buildings. About 430 meters north of the lake, the Blabbergraben describes a semicircle around the ground monument Räuberberg with remains of the ramparts of a German aristocratic castle from the 12th / 13th. Century. The border with the village of Schwenow , a residential area in the Limsdorf district of Storkow, runs as far as the Schwenowseegraben, which flows into the southern basin and parallel to the 60-meter-wide silting zone on the western bank . The village center of Schwenow is 850 meters west of the Drobschsee. The rest of the seaside and the adjoining southern part of the Blabbergraben form the western border to the district of Görsdorf, Werder .

There is no connection between the lake and the road network; the Drobsch residential area is connected to Görsdorf by an unpaved, sandy road . The nearby village of Schwenow can be reached from Limsdorf or Werder on county road 6726 . In addition, one of the main regional hiking trails leads through Drobsch from Schwenow or Ahrensdorf to Kossenblatt.

Water profile and hydrology

Structure and development

The Drobschsee has an area of ​​13,157 hectares and its circumference is 2,734 kilometers. The water level is 44m above sea level. NHN . It has a total length of around 1.2 kilometers and a maximum width of around 220 meters. The water is structured in three parts. A 590-meter-long and 220-meter-wide north basin is followed by a 330-meter-long central section, which narrows to the width of the river by a maximum of around 30 meters. Then a 280 meter long and up to 120 meter wide south basin opens.

The Prussian first photo from 1846 (see illustration above) shows the lake in a largely uniform shape and width. In addition, the body of water extended to the Spree at that time. Today it ends level with the south bank of the neighboring Schwenowsee. The remaining part has now silted up and the Blabbergraben flows through it. The length of the trench from today's southern tip of Drobschsee to the confluence with the Spree is around 1.23 kilometers.

View over the Blabbergrabenrinne north of Drobschsee from west (Schwenow) to east (Görsdorf)

Inflows and outflows

The inflow and outflow takes place through the Blabbergraben, which is often dry in the middle course - especially in the summer months. Another tributary is the 7.924 kilometer long Schwenowseegraben, which rises east of Behrensdorf , a district of Rietz-Neuendorf , flows parallel to the Blabbergraben from north to south and flows into the Schwenowsee. On the lower east bank it emerges from the Schwenowsee again and leads its water to the Drobschsee on a last, approximately 280 meter long section. In its upper part, the Schwenowseegraben lies dry in parts.

Both inflow ditches are part of the "Water Development Concept (GEK) Krumme Spree" for the near-natural development of flowing waters within the framework of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), which aims to restore the continuity of the Schwenowseegraben, the partly piped Blabbergraben and other rivers in the region.

Conservation of nature, flora and fauna

Drobschseerinne natural development area

Eastern slope of the Blabbergrabenrinne / Drobschseerinne between the Drobschsee and the Spree
Reeds and water lily carpets in the north basin

The entire Drobschsee belongs to the 746 hectare nature reserve Schwenower Forst . The area, which has been protected since 2004, is also designated as an FFH area in the Natura 2000 network . Within the nature reserve , a strip of the west bank of the north basin, the southern part of the lake and the adjoining part of the Blabbergraben (silted-up part of the lake) up to the confluence with the oxbow lake of the Krummen Spree were placed under special protection under the name Drobschseerinne as a natural development area (previously: total reserve ) and as a Zone 1 marked. The approximately 39 hectare Drobschseerinne natural development area is protected from direct human influence in accordance with Section 21 (2) of the Brandenburg Nature Conservation Act, and habitats and communities should be left to develop naturally over the long term. In the Drobschseerinne, in particular, the maintenance of the natural water and vegetation dynamics with their silting stages should be ensured.

Plants and plant communities

The river siltation complex is characterized by alder, moorland, swamp forests and moist tall herbaceous vegetation. The lime-loving deciduous forest flora is represented by species such as crested quail wheat , low salsify , scale root , meadow primrose and yellow anemone . In addition, the sand tragacanth , swallowwort , blood-red cranesbill , the “endangered” spiked blue loosestrife , the “endangered” fragrant scabies , pear-leaved skullcap and the “endangered” scented Mariengrass thrive in Germany's red list of endangered species . The formerly abundant occurrences of the liverwort , which was "specially protected" in accordance with the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV) in Germany on the slopes of Drobschsee and Schwenowsee, could no longer be detected in 2013.

The stocks of the very rare water nut in Drobschsee are remarkable . The aquatic plant of 2011 is listed in the Red List of Endangered Species throughout Germany as "critically endangered" and in Brandenburg as "critically endangered". The lake largely has near-natural shore areas and in places extensive stocks of reed beds . Water lily carpets take up large parts of the water surface.

Otters and fishing restrictions

Otter

The otter , animal of the year 1999 in Germany and Brandenburg also threatened with extinction , is meanwhile constantly present again in Drobschsee and in neighboring Schwenowsee. The marten, adapted to aquatic life, is one of the best swimmers among land carnivores and can stay under water for up to eight minutes. A large part of its prey spectrum are fish, whereby it prey predominantly small fish species and among them mainly slow and weakened animals. It therefore has a role to play in keeping fish stocks healthy.

The Drobschsee is one of the fishing waters of the Storkower fish cooperative. However, due to the special protection status of the water, fishing is only permitted on the part of the lake that does not belong to Zone 1, and here only from a boat. In addition, precise entry points for the boats are specified and marked in the map sketch and in the topographical map of the NSG ordinance. Every boat must be marked and registered with the lower nature conservation authority. When the NSG ordinance came into force in 2004, three fishing boats or rowing boats were permitted on the lake . Otherwise, all types of watercraft, including surfboards or air mattresses, are prohibited on the lake.

history

First mentions and etymology

The Drobschsee was first recorded in 1643 as Drobaz , a Drobschmühle ( Drobschmole ) mentioned as early as 1376 (see below ). In 1700 it was noted as the Drowatz , in 1751 as Der Trobsch and in the Prussian premiere of 1846 in the spelling Drobsch See . According to the Brandenburg name book, the name can be put in Lower Sorbian drob = everything small , including small stuff, gathered wood, small cattle, small fish (Lower Sorbian dialectal drobjazk = small items , Upper Sorbian drobjaz = small things, odds and ends ). It probably is a formation with the in Flurnamen frequent suffixes -s or -c. The motive for the naming is no longer comprehensible. For comparison, reference is made to the name of the village Droben , Upper Sorbian Droby , in Upper Lusatia .

Drobschmühle

The only written record of Drobschmühle (as Drobschmole ) comes from a Lehnsbrief from the year 1376. After that, it is stated by the writer Günter de Bruyn , in 1968 blabbergrabenaufwärts the former Blabberschäferei had bought as a residence, "the darkness of history lost." Since the mill was most likely named after the Drobschsee, the year 1376 can be seen as the first year that the lake was also mentioned.

The von Strele , Lords of Beeskow and Storkow, had issued the feudal letter for the Knights of Queiß . After that, the Queiß brothers were enfeoffed with the villages of Schauen , Dahmsdorf , Wendisch-Rietz and Werder along with Drobschmühle and with elevations in the village of Krausnick . This information in the Brandenburg Name Book and Historical Local Lexicon (HOL) is based on Rudolf Hermsdorf's chronicle from 1934 Between Dolgen and Scharmützel , in which Hermsdorf reproduces the document from August 19, 1376 in full. It says:

“Ouch leyen wyr en that village zcu Werdir [Werder] with all graces and with all rights ouch leyen wyr ene see and the meadows themselves on our heath. Ouch we ley the named drobschmole and also before the service in the village of Krusenigk [Krausnick] 15  malter , half grain and half oats, 38 ½ groschen interest, 15 chickens, 15 Swilken flax [...]. "

- Loan of August 19, 1376

According to the historical local dictionary, the historian Rudolf Lehmann cites the Drobschmühle as a mill north of Werder - also referring to this, or at least a similar document from 1376 .

Drobsch residential area - brickworks and school campus

In 1886, the municipality of Görsdorf sold a plot of land on the northeast bank of Drobschsee, which was possibly on the area of ​​the former Drobschmühle or in its vicinity, to a master bricklayer. The master built a brick factory , removed the clay deposits on the slopes of the Blabbergrabenrinne and supplied the surrounding villages with bricks . More distant places were supplied with boats across the lake and the Spree. According to Günter de Bruyn, the company only flourished for a short time - the brick kiln and drying shed were dismantled as early as 1909.

In 1913, the Görsdorf landowner Hermann Paschke bought the remaining house, along with the stable and barn building. Subsequently, as a so-called forest estate, temporarily owned by Count Hugo zu Castell-Rüdenhausen from the rural community of Berlin-Grunewald , the area went to the Berlin factory owner Max Miessner in 1919 and in 1936 to the Berlin businessman Bruno Hampel as a holiday home. Hampel gave the massive house its current appearance by means of a wooden casing and built an elongated farm building. Since Hampel's "Waldgut" included the entire Drobschsee and exceeded the 100 hectare limit, the property was expropriated and divided up in 1947 . The house, stable and barn went to a resettler family . The provincial administration received the farm building, which it used for fishing. The clay pit of the former brickworks was reactivated and used to rebuild the Görsdorf buildings that had been destroyed in the war. In the 1970s, a Berlin school authority bought the entire area, had a new sanitary and kitchen building built, and turned Drobsch into a school and children's holiday camp . After the German reunification in 1990, the area was privatized.

In 1950 the rural community Görsdorf consisted of the residential areas Premsdorf, Blabbermühle and the Drobsch economy. As of 2014, Drobsch is indicated as Görsdorf's residential area.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Drobschsee  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b State Office for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection (LUGV), Brandenburg: List of lakes. (PDF) As of April 3, 2012. p. 10.
  2. ↑ Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin - investigations into the young Quaternary landscape development between Unterspreewald and Nuthe. S. 2. Dissertation, Humboldt University Berlin, 2001. Also in: Berliner Geographische Arbeit 95. ISBN 3-9806807-2-X , Berlin 2003. See Figure 2 Plates and glacial valleys in the young moraine south of Berlin in Chapter 1 and Chapter 4 Fig. 32 and subsections 4.3.4.3 and 4.3.4.5 .
  3. ↑ Processing: engineering and planning office LANGE GbR. Ed .: Ministry for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection of the State of Brandenburg (MUGV) and Foundation for Nature Protection Fund Brandenburg: Management Planning Natura 2000 in the State of Brandenburg. (Management planning Natura 2000 for FFH areas 37, 58, 221, 265, 337, 651). Potsdam 2014 (PDF, p. 4.)
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Zwenger: The geology of the Scharmützelseegebiet. P. 52f. In: Kreiskalender Oder-Spree 2012. Ed .: Landkreis Oder-Spree, Office for Education, Culture and Sport, Beeskow, editorial deadline September 30, 2011, pp. 50–56.
  5. ↑ a b c d Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg : Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000 (Menu - "More data" - click and select accordingly; switch to the district boundaries "Real estate cadastre" and there "districts".)
  6. ↑ a b Mediaprint Infoverlag (ed.), In collaboration with the Tauche community: Tauche community. Information brochure 2013 . (PDF) Mering , 2013, p. 10.
  7. ^ Sieghard H. Richter, Sabine Schümberg, Hans-Dieter Schreyer: Investigations over several years on the hydrological and hydrogeological characterization of the LITFASS area as a preliminary to a complex experiment within the framework of BALTEX . In: Self-published by the Meteorological Office for Northwest Germany: Annalen der Meteorologie. 1998, p. 274.
  8. ^ Landesumweltamt Brandenburg (LUGV): River directory, source data set gewnet25 Version 4.0 . As of April 25, 2014, p. 42.
  9. ↑ State Environment Agency Brandenburg: EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). Water development concept (GEK) Krumme Spree. ( Memento of the original from August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Flyer, Potsdam 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mugv.brandenburg.de
  10. ↑ 3850-301 Schwenower Forest.  (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved November 25, 2017.
  11. ↑ a b c Brandenburg regulation system (BRAVORS): Minister for Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Regional Planning. Ordinance on the nature reserve "Schwenower Forest". Potsdam, September 8, 2004. Entry into force of the regulation on October 9, 2004
  12. ↑ Law on nature conservation and landscape management in the state of Brandenburg (Brandenburg Nature Conservation Act - BbgNatSchG., PDF) in the version published on May 26, 2004 (GVBl.I / 04, [No. 16], p. 350), last amended by Article 2 of the law of July 15, 2010 (GVBl.I / 10, [No. 28])
  13. ↑ Wolfgang Klaeber: Devil's Claws under fir trees. In: Jahre Buch 2009 . Ed .: NABU RV Dahmeland e. V. and Dahme-Heideseen Nature Park (State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg), Prieros, (PDF, p. 111.)
  14. ↑ Wolfgang Klaeber: Sky-blue spring harbinger of calcareous deciduous forests. The liverwort. In: Jahre Buch 2014 . Ed .: NABU RV Dahmeland e. V. and Dahme-Heideseen Nature Park (State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg), Prieros, (PDF, p. 75.)
  15. ↑ Stephan Runge: The water nut. In: Jahre Buch 2013 . Ed .: NABU RV Dahmeland e. V. and Dahme-Heideseen Nature Park (State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection Brandenburg), Prieros, (PDF, p. 68.)
  16. ↑ Michael Ristow: Red list of the established vascular plants in Brandenburg (and Berlin) , In: Nature conservation and landscape maintenance in Brandenburg. 15, Issue 4, Supplement, 2006: Full text ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mugv.brandenburg.de
  17. ↑ Jürgen Klawitter, Rainer Altenkamp u. a .: Red list and total species list of mammals (Mammalia) from Berlin. (PDF; 203 kB) Processing status: December 2003. In: The State Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management, Senate Department for Urban Development (Ed.): Red lists of endangered plants and animals in Berlin. P. 6. Note: The Berlin list also contains the information for Brandenburg.
  18. ↑ Storkower Fischgenossenschaft, angling fisheries.
  19. ^ K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski (eds.): The names of the waters of Brandenburg (= Brandenburg name book, part 10; Berlin contributions to name research. Volume 11). Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , p. 60.
  20. ^ A b c Sophie Wauer: Brandenburg name book. Part 12: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district . After preliminary work by Klaus Müller. ( Berlin contributions to name research. Volume 13). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , pp. 58, 132.
  21. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 160.
  22. ↑ Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. (HOL), p. 65.
  23. ^ Rudolf Hermsdorf: Between Dolgen and Skirmish. Chronicle of the localities of the Reichenwalde parish district. Part 1: From prehistoric times to modern times. Self-published, Storkow 1934, p. 46. - According to Hermsdorf (p. 47), the feudal letter is in the Bibersteinurkunden 1, booklet II, p. 23/4 1-c-fr 1 Schlossarchiv Friedland in Hermsdorf's time .
  24. ^ Rudolf Lehmann : Document inventory on the history of Niederlausitz up to 1400. Böhlau, Cologne-Graz 1968 (= Central German Research, Volume 55), S 332, No. 872. Information according to HOL, S 65, 322.
  25. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 156 f.
  26. ^ Günter de Bruyn: Offside. Declaration of love to a landscape , p. 157 f.
  27. ↑ Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. (HOL), p. 88.