Scharmützelsee
| Scharmützelsee | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Bad Saarow and Scharmützelsee from the north | ||
| Geographical location | Saarower Hügelland on the Storkower and Beeskower Platte south of Fürstenwalde / Spree , Oder-Spree district , Brandenburg, Germany | |
| Tributaries | Wierichgraben (in the north), Canal from the Großer Glubigsee (in the south) | |
| Drain | Wendisch Rietzer Fliess | |
| Islands | Big Werl, Little Werl | |
| Places on the shore | Bad Saarow , Wendisch Rietz , Diensdorf-Radlow | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 15 ′ 0 ″ N , 14 ° 3 ′ 0 ″ E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 38.3 m | |
| surface | 12.1 km² | |
| length | 10 km | |
| width | Max. 1.5 km | |
| volume | 108,230,000 m³ | |
| Maximum depth | 29 m | |
| Middle deep | 8.8 m | |
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particularities |
second largest lake in Brandenburg |
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The Scharmützelsee is a lake in Brandenburg . It is between Frankfurt (Oder) and Berlin , south of Fürstenwalde / Spree .
description
The lake is a typical channel lake , which owes its formation to a subglacial channel during the Brandenburg stage of the Vistula cold period . After the Schwielochsee, it is the second largest natural lake in Brandenburg and, like it, belongs to the Ice Age region in the catchment area of the Spree and Dahme southeast of Berlin, which has over 200 lakes . During a visit to the then still small manor villages Saarow and Pieskow in 1881, the poet Theodor Fontane named the lake Märkisches Meer , a name that is still used today in tourism advertising.
The entire lake area belongs to the municipality of Bad Saarow . Other neighboring communities are Reichenwalde , Wendisch Rietz and Diensdorf-Radlow (all Amt Scharmützelsee ), which have a comprehensive tourist infrastructure for the use of the lake (swimming, sailing, diving, fishing) and its surroundings (cycling, hiking, golf, tennis and also inline skating). Bad Saarow and Wendisch Rietz are connected to the regional rail network of the Berlin-Brandenburg transport association.
The Scharmützelsee is part of the 33-kilometer-long federal waterway Storkower Gewässer (SkG) via the canal-like, almost two-kilometer-long Wendisch Rietzer Fließ, over the other parts of the Storkower Gewässer and the Dahme to the Berlin waters. The Storkow waters belong to waterway class I; The Berlin Waterways and Shipping Office is responsible . The Wendisch Rietz barrage (head: 1.27 m) keeps the lake level at a height of 38.3 m. In addition to pleasure boats, there is also passenger shipping on the lake to and from Berlin. The SG Scharmützelsee in the bay of Dorf Saarow is the largest sailing club in Brandenburg.
First mentions and etymology
As far as is known, the Scharmützelsee was mentioned for the first time in 1316/19 in a document, which is included in the regest of the Margraves of Brandenburg from Ascanic house edited by Hermann Krabbo and Georg Winter and reissued in 1955 , with the entry in stagno Tschermitzel (document 2737 ). In 1436 there is a note on the czermussel and in 1556 the current spelling Skirmish .
The name of the water goes back to the Slavic settlement period . The Brandenburg Name Book gives two explanations of the etymology : either from the Slavic name for the buckthorn or, less likely, a metaphorical name based on the curved shape, derived from the West Slavic koromyslo for water carrier :
- Buckthorn variant : Old Polish / Old Sorbian basic form Čremušn- to čremucha = buckthorn . The “l” is to be explained by dissimilation in Middle Low German and alignment with Middle Low German scharmüssel , schermüssel after skirmish . The name book refers to analyzes by Julius Bilek (1959) and Gerhard Schlimpert (1972) and adds corroboratingly that, according to Henryk Borek (1968), 23 names were also formed in the West Slavonic language area.
- Variant curved shape : The Slawist Friedhelm Hinze put the name in 1972, however, to the Pomoranian testified appellative Carme SL ë = (pl.) Wooden stretcher that is laid for carrying baskets and buckets on the shoulder . This is a West Slavic variant of Russian koromyslo with the same meaning. The designation motive lies in the shape of the water - all derivations apply equally to the water names Schermützelsee and Zermützelsee, which come from the same basic form . These waters all have a curvature that resembles the yoke of a water stretcher . The Brandenburg name book does not consider Hinze's arguments to be valid, because the three lakes are very large and the shape of a yoke can only be seen on the map. A metaphorical naming according to the form is therefore completely unlikely.
See also
literature
- Scientific
- Gerhard Schlimpert (greeting), Reinhard E. Fischer (editing), K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski (eds.): Brandenburgisches Namenbuch, Part 10: The names of the waters of Brandenburg (Berlin contributions to name research; Vol. 11 ). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996 ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 (on behalf of the Humanities Center for History and Culture of East Central Europe eV)
- Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm u. a .: Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany, part 5, Brandenburg , environmental research plan of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety , final report R&D project FKZ 299 24 274, on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency at the Chair of Water Protection at the Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus , 2004 Chapter 1.26 Scharmützelsee pp. 107–111 ( Online , PDF; 1.92 MB)
- Nature and tourism guide
- Kurt Kretschmann and Kurt Steinberg (eds.): The Scharmützelsee and Bad Saarow-Pieskow ( cities and landscapes ; Vol. 20). VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1964.
- Bad Saarow-Pieskow Scharmützelsee (tourist hiking booklet; vol. 129). 3rd edition VEB Tourist Verlag, Berlin / Leipzig 1977.
- Werner Schulze and employee collective: Scharmützelsee Bad Saarow-Pieskow with Wendisch Rietz (Tourist Wanderatlas; Vol. 35). VEB Tourist Verlag, Berlin / Leipzig 1980.
- Reinhard Kiesewetter: Bad Saarow-Pieskow am Märkischen Meer . 3rd edition. Kur- und Tourismusverein, Bad Saarow-Pieskow 1996, ISBN 3-00-000838-1 (EA 1994)
- Dieter Portner: Around the Scharmützelsee. The somewhat different travel guide to the Märkisches Meer . Schlaubetal-Verlag Kühl, Müllrose 2011, ISBN 978-3-941085-79-4 .
- Hans-Werner Hintze: Our Scharmützelsee (books on local history). Alt-Golm 2011.
- Fiction
- Ritter Adler (pseudonym): Lena 1959. Love, the sea and death . Epubli-Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-8442-1991-3 (contemporary historical novel about the Scharmützelsee).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Directory of the federal inland waterways serving general traffic. Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration, accessed on February 10, 2020 .
- ↑ Aquatic water level - water level (PDF; 21 kB), Water and Shipping Office Berlin, as of July 17, 2012
- ↑ a b Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg , p. 244f.
- ↑ Friedhelm Hinze : The names Scharmützel, Schermützel, Zermützel, Schermeisel and their interpretations. In: Zeitschrift für Slawistik , Volume 17, Akademie Verlag , Berlin 1972, pp. 19–24. Information according to: Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg , p. 245.