Kossenblatt Castle
| Kossenblatt Castle | ||
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 Front in 2010 |
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| Creation time : | 1705-1712 | |
| Conservation status: | received with foundation damage | |
| Place: | Lindenstrasse 37 in Tauche | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 6 '50 " N , 14 ° 4' 19" E | |
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The Kossenblatt Castle is a former royal Prussian residential palace . It is located in the village of Kossenblatt , municipality of Tauche bei Beeskow in the Oder-Spree district and is considered the favorite castle of the soldier king Friedrich Wilhelm I.
history
From Oppen
In 1581, the Brandenburg Chamberlain, Georg von Oppen, bought the old manor house in the village of Kossenblatt, the name of which is derived from the Slavic Cossinbloth, which means crooked swamp . The old mansion, of which only the vaulted cellar as part of the office building survived, remained with the associated village of Werder for three generations in the possession of the von Oppen family .
From barefoot
In 1699 General Field Marshal Hans Albrecht von Barfus acquired the modest property on an island in the Spree for a sum of 32,000 thalers and 100 ducats. Barfus wanted to subject the small mansion to a major renovation. In 1702 the builder van Spieren from Harlem (Holland) started the work. Because of the unfavorable subsoil on the course of the river, the foundation had to be reinforced with tree trunks, which prolonged the construction period. Barfus' client died on December 27, 1704, so that he could never live in his castle. He was buried at the Kossenblatter village church. In 1705 his eldest son Friedrich Otto laid the foundation stone for the castle.
The widow, Eleonore von Barfus , née von Dönhoff , had the construction continued according to the plans of the builder van Spieren, who had died in 1704, so that he too could not see the completion in 1712. The floor plan and construction plan are now in the Märkisches Museum in Berlin. In June 1711 the countess, who had lived on the adjoining manor, was able to move into the castle. After her eldest son Friedrich Otto died on September 3, 1717 in the Venetian-Austrian Turkish War and the second son Karl died early, Ludwig, the third son, inherited the castle. This was already patronized by his mother during his lifetime, after her death his uncle Alexander von Dönhoff initiated the sale of Barfus' goods and the castle. According to legend, shortly before her death, she is said to have given instructions to burn the entire castle inventory in the garden to the detriment of her son.
Friedrich Wilhelm I.
In 1736 King Friedrich Wilhelm I bought the castle. Like Königs Wusterhausen Castle , he used it primarily as a hunting lodge. To what extent the initiative for the purchase really came from Friedrich Wilhelm can hardly be determined today.
Theodor Fontane reported as follows:
“In 1735 King Friedrich Wilhelm I came on a hunt from Königs-Wusterhausen to the Kossenblatter area, saw the beautiful castle and asked the owner to sell him his property. When this application was refused, all means were nonetheless set in motion to insure the whole complex of goods. A way was soon found, since it should be found. The course was as follows. Count Barfus had spoken to the king's negotiator of 180,000 thalers, just to get away, with the firm foresight that this large sum would never be approved, and he was right. Rather, the king contented himself with letting the count know that the price of his goods, once he had even agreed to sell them, could no longer be unilaterally determined by himself. A valuation would now be necessary. According to this, a purchase was made in January 1736 without the enfeoffed agnates having been consulted. The king granted 125,000 thalers, proposed Kossenblatt to the rule of Königs-Wusterhausen and, immediately after the handover, transferred it to his second son, Prince August Wilhelm . "
What is certain is that the king was hardly interested in castles. As the only Prussian monarch, he never had one built himself - with the exception of the Stern hunting lodge . When he took office, he had the reconstruction of the Königsberg Palace , which his father initiated, stopped, which is why the unpeace building remained unfinished. The Charlottenburg Palace he only heat in the winter to prevent frost damage. He never used the pleasure palace, he rejected the courtly splendor. Therefore, the purchase of the Kossenblatt Palace was a notable exception at the end of his life. He not only bought it, but also had it prepared and used to his taste.
“In 1736 Coßenblad had the great honor that S. Königl. Majestaet in Prussia Friedrich Wilhelm came here. Twice with a small retinue, but in autumn with the Königl. Majestaet and Drey Königl. Prinzen (...) It was also a pretty strong suite by S. Majestaet, which helped to entertain the hunting pleasure. "
The court administration had the castle thoroughly repaired and refurbished with furniture. The property was leased from the court chamber to Otto von Dietrich Schönholz in Fürstenwalde. Friedrich Wilhelm I had two pavilions built to the right and left of the riding stables. He also had a new pulpit built into the church in 1736 and expanded it to include a polygonal sacristy in the east. The king stayed in Kossenblatt for several weeks in 1736, 1737 and 1738, the last time in 1739, but only for 48 hours.
Pictures of Friedrich Wilhelm
Self-portrait of King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia
General von Barfus painted by King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia
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In addition to hunting and curing his gout , King Friedrich Wilhelm I devoted himself to painting in Kossenblatt. He made around 40 portraits, which, according to his own descriptions, he “painted in pain (in tormentis pinxit)”. When Fontane visited the palace in 1842, most of them were still there or had been brought back there from Königs Wusterhausen Palace . In the state and reception room of the castle, which for Fontane was the corner room of the left wing, he was able to inspect a number of them:
“In the same state and reception room there are a dozen other portraits: the tormentis of the king himself. The mildest thing that can be said of them is that they do not deny the hour of their origin. Of course, they too have found their admirers. Some absolute Friedrich Wilhelm admirers have played the whole question on the field of energy and from this point of view said with a certain right: “This is how a man painted who could not paint. And so he painted with pain and - every day a picture. ”The criticism bows before this reasoning. All these pictures of the king date from the years 1736, 1737 and 1738. They are all portraits (chest pieces) and forty-one in number, thirty-two of which were in the rooms, but nine in the corridor. All in a frame made of stained oak. As ugly as the pictures are and so incapable of arousing artistic pleasure, they nevertheless arouse a certain artistic interest. The tendency towards the characteristic is unmistakable. "
Today some of the pictures painted by the king are still in the Königs Wusterhausen Palace.
Other activities of the king
In Kossenblatt, the king spared himself from the strenuous duties of representation that awaited him in Berlin and Potsdam. Since he could barely walk, he let himself be pushed around in the wheelchair, but was nevertheless ready for state business and also received guests. Then there was the hunt, in which he only participated passively. He was in active contact with the pastor of the village church, where he hurried every morning for early mass.
“In addition to the“ art ”that he was responsible for here, King Friedrich Wilhelm I also took care of the church when he was in Kossenblatt. Especially about the sermon. He wasn't easy to please. I find the following about it: On the 13th Sunday after Trinity in 1736, the king heard a sermon in the church in Kossenblatt from the preacher at the time in Wulfersdorf (on behalf of the local who was sick), which aroused his greatest dissatisfaction. And since he was also dissatisfied with a sermon he heard in Rheinsberg not long before, these two preachers came to Berlin and had to preach on prescribed texts. "
Prince August Wilhelm
After the death of Friedrich Wilhelm in 1739, his son August Wilhelm inherited the castle as a summer residence. Nevertheless, the prince was never in Kossenblatt, since his regiment had the garrison in Spandau and he preferred Oranienburg Castle . However, he had the curved name A. W. affixed to the large front balcony of Schloss Kossenblatt in the courtyard of honor. He also donated a baroque pulpit to the Kossenblatt church with a black eagle with a gold crown (symbol of Prussia) and his initials "AW". In 1742 his first wife Luise von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel visited Kossenblatt to pay homage. August Wilhelm's heir, Friedrich Wilhelm II , did not visit the castle either.
Other owners and events
In 1801, the son of the royal treasurer, Chamber Councilor Karl Ludwig Buchholtz, became an official on Kossenblatt. In 1811 he received it as a hereditary lease from Friedrich Wilhelm III. In 1836 he had the square in front of the palace redesigned as a garden; the royal pleasure garden became a landscape park based on the English model. The ice cellar was also built between the castle and the church. In 1847 the castle stood empty; Most of the wallpaper was hanging down and the floor was in poor condition. The Kossenblatter citizen Heinrich Noppenz and the teacher Deutsch received the permission to use some rooms for the silkworm breeding. In 1851 the Buchholtz family bought Kossenblatt, which in 1868 was given the character of a manor. In 1855 the court chamber planned to sell the castle; In 1860 it was finally intended to sell the castle for demolition because of the high maintenance costs. In 1861 the Karl Buchholz family bought the castle for 2500 thalers. On May 2, 1862, the bailiff Buchholtz led the poet Theodor Fontane through the castle, who also stayed there overnight ( Fontane room) and did not mention it favorably in his work " Walks through the Mark Brandenburg ". There he spoke to Buchholz, Pastor Stappenbeck, his wife and sister-in-law.
In 1900 the district administrator of Tilly from Beeskow, in 1907 the Rittmeister Erich Merkens, in 1917 Walter Schütze from Kramso and in 1918 Lieutenant Lüben from Berlin acquired the castle. In 1919 it was bought by the paint and juice manufacturer Jacob Kirberg. The farm was continued by his sons, Walter and Fritz Kirberg.
In 1945 the Kirbergs were driven out by the Red Army , despite the intercession of the partly Slavic employees . Eventually the family was expropriated under the Land Reform Act . In 1947 the estate was given to the people and the state government in Potsdam for administration. The castle served as accommodation for resettlers, as a kindergarten and as a repair base for a machine rental station. The dilapidated building was considered to be blown up. In 1956 it was finally placed under monument protection.
From 1963 to 1967 the castle was repaired to accommodate the Central Office for Reprography of the GDR. This was converted into the private Mikrofilm Center Kossenblatt GmbH in 1991. In 1997, the then Kossenblatt municipality bought the castle from the Treuhand Liegenschaftsgesellschaft. The lease to the Microfilm-Center Kossenblatt ran until 2005. On June 23, 2009, the new municipality of Tauche decided to sell the Kossenblatt Castle with ancillary buildings and a total area of approx. 27,869 m² at market value.
On February 3, 2011, the castle was sold to the real estate holding and management company Schloss Kossenblatt GmbH for 240,000 euros. In the meantime, its managing director Angela Schulenberg threatened the community of Tauche with a legal dispute for reversal. Apparently the access to the castle is not always open. The court has not yet made a decision. According to further statements, the castle is now said to have been sold to an unknown third party. Anna Fiebig has been the owner of the castle since 2014. Since then, several guest rooms and a restaurant have been built
architecture
outer appearance
Kossenblatt Castle is a baroque three-wing complex. The fine rusting of the facade gives the building a simple, elegant appearance. The long side wings delimit a narrower courtyard. A horseshoe-shaped double ramp leads to the entrance portal. A baroque pleasure garden was located on the grounds of the Schlossinsel in the Spree.
“It doesn't look unfavorable when you get closer and only the back of the building shows us its weaknesses: wings that are too long and a courtyard that is too narrow. This rear also has a view of the Spree and a meager building complex behind it, which bears the name "Lustgarten". In this [now known as the courtyard of honor] the king was driven up and down in his wheelchair and the slanted double ramp, which until this day has been placed in the shape of a horseshoe on the castle wing, shows most clearly the care with which everyone was prepared for the bad Not to make the king, who is plagued by gout and dropsy, even worse. "
There are currently clear cracks in the facade. This results from the fact that the wooden pile foundation is constantly moistened by the fluctuations in height of the Spree water in the upper part, only to then fall dry again. As a result, the wooden stakes are rotten. So far, no owner has dared to do the expensive foundation renovation.
Schloss Kossenblatt (lithograph by Theodor Albert (1870), edited by Alexander Duncker )
Kossenblatt Castle (1903)
1901 Court of Honor
The castle in 2010
The main courtyard with the long side wings
Ice cellar from 1836
Interior
According to Theodor Fontane , who described Kossenblatt in his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg , the impression that the castle made inside was "that of stately, but at the same time of the highest sadness".
“It is an imposing nothing, a dignified emptiness - the dimensions of a castle and the sobriety of a barracks. But it is only in the rooms on the first floor that the gloom reaches its highest degree. Doors painted pike gray bear all kinds of inscriptions in yellow oil paint, and stepping down the corridor of the left wing we read, using the analogy of barracks room No. 3 or 4: "Your Highness Crown Princess", "Your Highness Princess Ulrike and Amalie", "Your Royal Highnesses Prince Heinrich and Ferdinand "," Oberhofmeisterin "," Fräuleinskammer "etc. In between there was always" cloakroom ", but as often as we open everything was covered in the same white whitewash. […] The king lived on the ground floor, where the walls of the reception room in the left wing are clad with Dutch tiles. Numerous paintings by Friedrich Wilhelm I hung there up until the imperial era. […] We finally cut through the rest of the ground floor and found its rooms just as we had found those on the first floor: large, barren, white. Plus tall windows and tall chimneys. "
King's room on the ground floor
Staircase in the entrance to the original upper floor
Oval room on the upper floor
stack
Long narrow corridor in the side wing
Nothing has remained of the interior of the castle over the centuries. Many rooms show traces of commercial use in the times of the GDR: laminate on the floor and tiles on the walls. The open chimneys were all locked. Central oil heating is installed in the basement of the left wing. The only representative room that is still reminiscent of the times of the royal palace is the oval room in the middle wing of the upper floor, which the registry office in Tauche occasionally used as a wedding room.
literature
- Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt" .
- Gerd Streidt, Peter Feierabend: Prussia - Art and Architecture . Könemann, Cologne 1999, p. 117 .
- Gerhard Vinken u. a .: Dehio - Handbook of German Art Monuments. Brandenburg . Munich 2000.
- Günter de Bruyn : Kossenblatt. The forgotten royal castle , S. Fischer Verlag 2014 ISBN 3-10-009835-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Wanderings through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt"
- ^ Wanderings through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt"
- ^ Wanderings through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt"
- ↑ daten.verwaltungsportal.de
- ↑ moz.de
- ↑ MOZ
- ↑ svz.de
- ↑ berlin.de
- ↑ DPA of November 3, 2014
- ↑ https://www.svz.de/regionales/brandenburg/glueck-fuer-schloss-kossenblatt-id13642371.html
- ↑ Source: https://www.svz.de/13642371 © 2019
- ^ Wanderings through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt"
- ^ Wanderings through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: "Oderland"; Left of the Spree: On the Hohen-Barnim: "Schloss Kossenblatt"
