Friedland Castle (Niederlausitz)
| Friedland Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Castle courtyard (2009) |
||
| Creation time : | 13th Century | |
| Castle type : | Location | |
| Conservation status: | Preserved essential parts | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Place: | Friedland | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 6 '23.3 " N , 14 ° 15' 40.3" E | |
|
||
The castle Friedland is a castle in the town of Friedland (Niederlausitz) in the Oder-Spree district . The castle with kennel is one of the best preserved castles in Brandenburg .
history
The place Friedland was first mentioned in a document dated August 3, 1301, in which castrum et oppidum Vredeburch (Castle and City of Friedeberg) are named. Documented mentions from the year 1235 are not documented. In 1307 the town and castle probably belonged to Timo von Strele . Friedland Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1336.
The Johanniterordensmeister Veit von Thümen became the owner of the town, castle and fourteen associated villages in 1518. In 1623 a big fire in the town destroyed the entire castle down to the foundation walls. Only the two-meter-thick surrounding walls and the barrel vaults of the cellars remained. In 1630 Lord Master Count Adam von Schwarzenberg had the castle tower built up to three floors. During the Thirty Years' War , the town and castle were occupied by Swedish troops led by Colonel Wittkopf between 1643 and 1650. The complex was given its current appearance in 1658. A plastered half-timbered building was built between the two residential towers, which served the clerks as an office. Although a new drawbridge had been built in 1758, the ramparts surrounding the castle were removed nine years later and a permanent dam was built to the castle gate. When the Order of St. John was secularized in 1866, the Kingdom of Saxony also administered Friedland Castle.
In 1875 the castle complex and possessions were bought for 15,000 marks by the city of Friedland, which is still the owner today. Immediately after the acquisition, the rooms were converted. The building now consisted of school and master's rooms as well as mayor's and teachers' apartments. A major renovation began in 1910 and lasted until 1913. The roof was renewed, the buildings plastered, the outer castle wall and towers restored and secured, the inner castle wall rebuilt and the entire entrance gate repaired.
From 1934 to 1942 the castle complex served as a squad leader school for the Reich Labor Service . In 1935 a comprehensive interior renovation took place. During the Second World War , the Reich Foreign Ministry temporarily stored documents there. After April 26, 1945, the day Friedland was liberated by the Red Army , the castle was used as a grain store.
In 1946, five apartments were set up in the central part of the castle for the large numbers of displaced persons from the former eastern German territories. Lessons were taking place in the rear residential tower. In the first post-war years, a machine-tractor station was installed in the castle courtyard , which existed until the end of the 1950s. In 1963 the cellars of the castle were converted into a school kitchen. In the Knight's Hall and an adjoining room took shop class instead. The Friedland Central Library was opened in the castle on November 12, 1975, in 1979 the knight's hall was converted into a concert hall and in April 1986 a pharmacy moved into the renovated rooms of the castle remise . Extensive maintenance and restoration work began in 1996 and was completed in 1999. The tourism association, founded in 2004, maintains an information center in the castle.
The listed Friedland Castle, together with the castles in Beeskow and Storkow, is part of the Strele-Burgen association, which aims to promote cultural activities in the Oder-Spree district. Summer theaters have been held alternately in the castles since the summer of 2005. The rooms of the castle are used for thematically changing exhibitions.
architecture
The city and the castle standing on a Kaupe were surrounded by a wall and a rampart. The Dammmühlenfließ was dammed until 1866. As a result, the meadows surrounding the castle today were covered by water. There was only one entrance to the city side, which was secured by a drawbridge. There are small defensive rondelles at the corners of the kennel and a small rectangular bastion on the west side . While the east side of the castle, including the three-storey residential tower, is still completely preserved from the renovation completed in 1658, the curtain wall only partially stands on the west side . On the south side is the gatehouse and the access dam, which replaced the drawbridge in 1758. In the wall running here there are three Gothic window caves that open outwards. Next to it is a farm building which today houses a restaurant.
Original, richly carved joists have been preserved in the main castle building. One bears the inscription "Adam Graf zu Schwarzenberg St. Johannis Ordens Herr Meister Anno 1630". The knight's hall in the northeast part is a cellar-like room with a low vault. Coat of arms paintings are applied to the ceiling.
gallery
Gatehouse and entrance gate with owner's coat of arms
West side of the plant
View from the south with Burgschänke
_2.JPG)
_7.jpg)
.jpg)
Say
The pretty daughter of one of the Friedland lords of the castle is said to haunt the walls as a white woman to this day . She was the only child in the family, and besides her beauty, she also had pride. She rejected any of the many knights who sought her favor. Because of the many years of unsuccessful search for an heir, the lord of the castle was very angry with his daughter. When he was dying, he cast a terrible curse on her. Since the girl did not want to give in to the insistence of her father, she disappeared from the castle a few days before. Since then she has been wandering restlessly on the castle walls on nights of the full moon. She is said to have often been seen in the castle corridor. She walks up to men passing by and follows them in silence. The man is not allowed to speak to her, or curse, throw or hit her. He must go his way quietly, without looking at her or looking back at her. Otherwise the ghost will jump on his back and choke him to death.
literature
- Lutz-Bodo Knöfel: A pearl in the Oder-Spree district - Friedland NL: The castle of Friedland NL .
Web links
- History of Friedland Castle , accessed on August 24, 2012
- Stadt Friedland NL: StreleBurgen , accessed on August 24, 2012
Individual evidence
- ^ Tourismusverein Friedland und Umgebung eV: The Friedland Castle - A small compilation of data from history . Internet & Photo Barn, 2010.
- ^ Spukorte ( memento from September 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 24, 2012
