Gubin
| Gubin | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Krośnieński | ||
| Area : | 20.68 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 57 ' N , 14 ° 43' E | ||
| Residents : | 16,619 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 66-620 to 66-621 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 68 | ||
| License plate : | FKR | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Cottbus - Zielona Góra | ||
| Rail route : | Guben – Zbąszynek railway line | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 16,619 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 0802011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2010) | |||
| Mayor : | Bartłomiej Bartczak | ||
| Address: | ul. Piastowska 24 66-620 Gubin |
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| Website : | www.gubin.pl | ||
Gubin ( German Guben ) is a municipality and seat of the rural municipality of the same name in the Powiat Krośnieński of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland . The city has about 16,600 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located in Lower Lusatia at the confluence of the Lubis in the Lusatian Neisse , opposite the German city of Guben on the west bank of the Neisse. To the north-east of the city is the Kräsen landscape protection park with 114 meter high vineyards. It is mostly surrounded by the Heidekrugwald, which runs to the east.
history
Gubin was first mentioned in a document in 1211 and in 1235 received city rights under Magdeburg law . In 1304 the place came from the Wettins to Brandenburg and 1368 to Bohemia . The territorial union of the Mark Brandenburg with Bohemia, Silesia and Lusatia was established here on May 28, 1374 at a state parliament . On June 5, 1462, Elector Friedrich II of Brandenburg made peace here with the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad , who renounced all claims to Lusatia.
During the Thirty Years War Guben was occupied by the Swedes in 1631 and 1642 ; their attack in 1645 failed.
Due to the separate peace in Prague , Guben had belonged to Electoral Saxony since 1635 , but fell to Prussia through the Congress of Vienna in 1815, along with the whole of Lower Lusatia .
At the beginning of the 20th century Guben had three Protestant churches, a Catholic church, a synagogue , a grammar school with a secondary school, an institution for the deaf and dumb, two technical schools, a museum, a theater and was the seat of a regional court .
In 1945 the city of Guben belonged to the district of Guben in the Frankfurt administrative district of the Prussian province of Brandenburg of the German Empire .
According to the Potsdam Agreement , the urban area east of the Neisse was placed under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland in the summer of 1945 . This introduced the place name Gubin for the urban area , which corresponds to the traditional Lower Sorbian place name. In the following period, the residents of the district were almost completely evicted by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Between 1975 and 1998 Gubin was part of the Zielona Góra Voivodeship .
Buildings, parks and memorial stones
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- The historic town hall with buildings from the 14th century, rebuilt and expanded several times in the 16th and 17th centuries, destroyed in the Second World War, was rebuilt true to the original.
- Ruins of the built in the 14th century and in the Second World War destroyed late Gothic city and main church . In 2005 a German-Polish association for the reconstruction of the church was formed.
- The Mickiewicz Park is a 0.6-hectare public park , which according to the Polish national poet and the most important representatives of the Polish Romanticism Adam Bernard Mickiewicz is named. There is a memorial stone in his honor in the park. The fountain with a missing figure of a "carp boy" has also stood here since 1908.
- The Theaterinsel extends to around 370 meters in the Lausitzer Neisse and is named after a theater from 1874 that was once built there. Today a newly built entrance portal with original column remains reminds of the building. In the middle of the island, which is up to 37 meters wide, there is a sculpture by Julian Zaplatynski entitled "Treasure of Gold". It shows a fish carved from a log, which was created as part of a sculpture workshop, Island of Fantasy . With his work, the artist wants to commemorate the gold treasure of Vettersfelde .
- Werderturm as the remainder of the city fortifications from the 14th century. The tower is around 28.5 meters high with a circumference of 24.8 meters and an internal diameter of around 3.7 meters. The first dial from 1659 is exhibited in the Gubin Museum Chamber.
- Memorial stone for Corona Schröter : The artist and muse of Goethe was born at Klosterstrasse 12 (today a place in the immediate extension of the border crossing).
- Memorial stone for the synagogue from 1878 on Dabrowskiego Street. The building was destroyed in the course of the November pogroms on November 9, 1938.
Twin cities
traffic
There are three border crossings to Germany in the city - a road crossing to Guben, the railway crossing on the Guben – Zbąszynek railway line and a pedestrian bridge over the Theaterinsel .
In terms of traffic, the city lies at the beginning of the provincial roads
- 138 (Gubin - Torzym (Sternberg) - Sulęcin (Züllichau) ),
- 285 (Gubin - Grabice (Reichersdorf) - Starosiedle (Starzeddel) ) and
- 286 (Gubin - Stargard Gubiński (Stargardt) - Starosiedle - Biecz (Beitzsch) ).
The station is on the PKP route No. 358 (Germany -) Gubin - Sulechów (Züllichau) - Bomst (Babimost) - Zbąszynek (Neu Bentschen) .
Rural community of Gubin
The rural community of Gubin is an independent Gmina in the powiat Krosno and encloses the city of Gubin in the north, east and south. The administrative seat is the city of Gubin, which does not belong to the rural community. On June 30, 2019, there were 7156 inhabitants in the rural community of Gubin. The municipal area is 379.73 km².
Personalities
- Olga Borys (* 1974), actress
- Czesław Fiedorowicz (* 1958), politician (Platforma Obywatelska)
- Michał Janota (* 1990), football player
- Barbara Jaracz (* 1977), chess player and grandmaster of women
- Krystyna Pieczulis (* 1962), long-distance runner.
literature
- Guben , encyclopedia entry, in: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition, Volume 8, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, p. 490 ( Zeno.org ).
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz , Volume 3, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 520-540 ( online ).
- Katarzyna Stokłosa: Border Towns in East Central Europe. Guben and Gubin 1945 to 1995. BWV - Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-8305-0521-3 ( Frankfurt Studies on the Economic and Social History of East Central Europe 9), (At the same time: Frankfurt (Oder), Europa-Univ., Diss., 2002).
- Ryszard Pantkowski: Gubin. Poligrafia, Gubin 1998, ISBN 83-87891-00-2 (town history with a focus on the period after 1945).
Web links
- City website
- Site of the association for the reconstruction of the city church
- Rural municipality website
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 8, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, p. 490.
- ↑ Theaterinsel Gubin ( Memento of the original from March 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Website of Marketing und Tourismus Guben eV, accessed on July 4, 2013.
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