Corona Schröter

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Corona Schröter, painting by Anton Graff (1787)
Corona Schröter in the studio

Corona Elisabeth Wilhelmine Schröter (born January 14, 1751 in Guben , Margraviate Niederlausitz , † August 23, 1802 in Ilmenau , Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach ) was a German singer (soprano), actress and composer.

Life

Corona Schröter was the first child of Johann Friedrich Schröter († 1810), oboist in the Count Brühlschen Regiment, and his wife Marie Regina nee. Hefter (* 1723), daughter of a shoemaker and master tanner, was born. She had the siblings Johann Samuel (1752–1788), Heinrich (1760 to after 1782) and Maria Henriette (1766 to after 1804). After the family moved to Leipzig , Johann Adam Hiller trained Schröter to become a singer. In Leipzig she met Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , who was immediately impressed by her.

In October 1776, at Goethe's suggestion, she was hired as court vocalist and chamber singer in Weimar . She became, also as an actor, the center of Goethe's amateur theater, among other things she was the first actress in Iphigenia . An oil painting by the painter Georg Melchior Kraus (1737-1806) shows how Corona as Iphigenia and Goethe as her brother Orestes stand together on the stage. She played the leading role in Goethe's Singspiel Die Fischerin , which premiered in Tiefurt in 1782 . This was also captured in the picture by Georg Melchior Kraus. She set in the play for her singing-scale songs, doing as the ballad of Erl King , the first setting of this poem at all.

In his elegy Auf Miedings Tod (1782), Goethe alludes to Corona Schröter:

You know them well; it is she that always pleases:
as a flower it shows itself to the world,
the beautiful picture grew into a pattern,
now completed, it is and introduces itself.
The muses granted her every favor.
And nature created art in her.
So she willingly piles up every charm,
And even your name, Corona, adorns you.

In Weimar Corona Schröter attended the Princely Free Drawing School sponsored by Goethe . In addition to the fisherwoman's settings, she brought out a collection of 25 songs in 1786.

From 1788 she withdrew more and more from court life until she died of tuberculosis in the Sächsischer Hof in Ilmenau in 1802 in the presence of her long-time friend Wilhelmine Probst . The grave of Schröterin can be visited in the historical area of ​​the Ilmenau cemetery.

  • Self-portrait

  • Schröter as Iphigenia and Goethe as Orestes

  • Corona Schröter drawn by Goethe on July 19, 1777

  • Corona Schröter

  • Grave of the Schröterin in the Ilmenau cemetery

  • Corona Schröter

  • Monument erected in Guben in 1905 (destroyed in 1945); Postcard from Herbert Rosenthal

  • Memorial stone in Gubin, Poland

Honors

  • In memory of Schröter, a primary school and a street in Guben as well as a street in the southern part of Ilmenau are named after her.
  • In the park on the Ilm in Weimar there is a Corona-Schröter-Weg that leads directly past Goethe's garden house .
  • On May 20, 1905, a memorial was inaugurated in Guben, which was financed by donations. It stood on Theaterinsel (today Gubin , Poland ), but has not survived.
  • In August 2012, a new memorial stone was unveiled on the site of her birthplace (now Gubin, Poland).

literature

Web links

Commons : Corona Schröter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gabriele Busch-Salmen: The fisherwoman. In: Gabriele Busch-Salmen, B. Jeßing (Ed.): Goethe Handbook. JB Metzler, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-476-01846-5 , pp. 293-315 ( doi: 10.1007 / 978-3-476-00032-3_20 ).
  2. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau on August 21, 2012: online article
personal data
SURNAME Schröter, Corona
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schröter, Corona Elisabeth Wilhelmine (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German singer (soprano), actress and composer
DATE OF BIRTH January 14, 1751
PLACE OF BIRTH Guben , Margraviate of Niederlausitz
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1802
Place of death Ilmenau , Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach