Pulmonology
The Pneumologie (also Pneumonologie ; Greek. Πνεύμων Pneumon "spirit", "touch", "breathing", metonymically for " lung ") or pulmonology (also Pulmonology ; lat. Pulmo "lung") is a branch of internal medicine , which is busy with lung disease. The German name is pulmonary medicine or lung and bronchial medicine .
Pneumology includes the prophylaxis , detection and conservative treatment of diseases of the lungs , bronchi , middle skin (mediastinum) and pleura .
Chest surgery as part of surgery , irradiation of lung tumors as part of radiation therapy, and chemotherapy of lung tumors as part of oncology are not directly part of pulmonology.
Common clinical pictures in pulmonology
- bronchial asthma
- acute and chronic bronchitis
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries)
- Bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer)
- Pulmonary emphysema (distension)
- Pleurisy ( pleurisy )
- Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia)
- Pulmonary tuberculosis
- Cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis)
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Pleural effusion
- Sleep apnea syndrome
- Pulmonary embolism
- interstitial lung disease
Common methods of examination in pulmonology
- History taking - what complaints does the patient describe?
- Auscultation of the heart and lungs
- X-ray of the lungs
- Computed tomography (CT) scan of the lungs
- Spirometry
- Pulmonary function test
- Bronchoscopy
- Blood gas analysis
- Spiroergometry
- Allergy testing
- Ultrasound of the pleura and lungs
- Pleural puncture
- Lung Scintigraphy
- Thoracoscopy
- Body plethysmography
less often internal thoracoscopy (a reflection of the pleura)
Therapy principles of pulmonology
- physical rest until bed rest
- physical training and weight loss
- Kneipp treatments
- Breathing training
- Smoking cessation
- Allergen avoidance
- Desensitization
- Asthma medication
- Cortisone (spray or tablets)
- Antibiotics
- Long-term oxygen therapy
- Ventilation
- Chest drain
- physical therapy
Diagnostic procedures and interventions by thoracic surgeons
- Mediastinoscopy
- Video-assisted thoracoscopy
- Lung part resections
- Lymphadenectomy
- Pleural surgery
- Lung transplants
See also
literature
- Dieter Köhler , Bernd Schönhofer, Thomas Voshaar: Pneumology. A guideline for rational action in clinic and practice. Thieme, Stuttgart 2009; 2nd, updated and expanded edition, ibid 2014, ISBN 978-3-131-46282-4 .
- German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine (Ed.): 100 Years of German Pneumology. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-11453-3 .
- Joachim Lorenz and others: Checklist XXL: Pneumology. Thieme, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-131-15072-6 .
- Heinrich Matthys, Werner Seeger (Ed.): Clinical Pneumology. Springer, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-540-67392-X .
- Robert Bollinelli, Pierre Carles: History of Pulmonary Medicine . In: Illustrated History of Medicine. German adaptation by Richard Toellner and others. Special edition, Salzburg 1986, Volume 5, pp. 2702–2733.
- Joachim Frey : Diseases of the respiratory organs. In: Ludwig Heilmeyer (ed.): Textbook of internal medicine. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1955; 2nd edition ibid. 1961, pp. 599-746, here: pp. 669-724 ( diseases of the lungs ).
Web links
Wiktionary: Pneumology - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
- Patient and doctor portal of the Federal Association of Pulmonologists
- German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine
- Lung image atlas , Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, see MeVis Medical Solutions
- Swiss competence center in the fields of lungs and respiratory tract