Bruno Frank

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Bruno Frank in Sanary-sur-Mer , 1934. Photographed by Walter Bondy

Bruno Sebald Frank (born June 13, 1887 in Stuttgart , † June 20, 1945 in Beverly Hills ) was a German writer . He had a decisive influence on the literary scene in Germany in the twenties and was a well-known author in exile. His most important works are the stories " Days of the King " and " Trenck ", which both revolve around Frederick the Great , the " Political Novelle " with which he thematized the Franco-German reconciliation, the comedy " Storm in a Water Glass " and the novels in exile " Cervantes ", "The Daughter " and " The Passport ". After the Second World War, Frank's works experienced a brief renaissance, but have been forgotten since the 1990s.

The son of a wealthy Jewish banking family, after graduating from high school, studied law at several German universities, but did his doctorate on a literary subject. His brief participation in World War I was ended by illness. He initially emerged as a poet , then as a novelist , narrator , novelist and playwright . As a recognized writer, he was one of the most influential figures in the literary world during the Weimar Republic . From 1916 he settled in Feldafing near Munich for a decade, married Liesl Massary in 1924 and moved to Munich in 1926, where he lived in the immediate vicinity of his older friend Thomas Mann .

One day after the Reichstag fire in 1933, he left his home with a clear foresight of the coming Nazi terror regime . He lived first on Lake Lugano in Switzerland, then alternately in Salzburg and London, and at times in Paris and southern France. In 1937 he emigrated to California, where he died after the end of the war in 1945 without having seen his homeland again. During his emigration he fought literarily and politically against the Third Reich , together with many other well-known exiled authors, and together with his wife supported his needy colleagues with advice, action and money.

See also:

Life

origin

Bruno Frank's birthplace.

Bruno (Sebald) Frank was born on June 13, 1887 as the first child of Sigismund Frank (1848–1930) and Lina Frank. Rothschild (1865–1960) born. The family lived in a rented apartment on the first floor of a four-story house in the west of Stuttgart at Silberburgstrasse 159. In the following years, the family continued to live in the west of Stuttgart, but changed apartments several times. From 1892 the Franks lived at Tübinger Strasse 69, from 1895 at Johannesstrasse 26 and from 1902 in their own house at Forststrasse 68.

Frank's father was born in Krefeld in 1848. Nothing is known about his origins and how he came to Stuttgart. His mother was the daughter of the fruit and coal merchant Salomon Rothschild (1835–1870) and his wife Jeannette Rothschild b. Oppenheim in Hanau . Jeannette Rothschild moved to Frankfurt am Main in 1870 after the untimely death of her husband. Lina Frank was almost of legal age when she and 17-year-old Sigismund Frank married in Frankfurt am Main in 1886.

Frank's parents were assimilated Jews , that is, they had integrated into bourgeois Stuttgart society. From 1876 Sigismund Frank was together with Abraham Einstein managing director and later partner of the banking house Gebr. Rosenfeld , which had its headquarters in the best inner city location at Kronprinzstrasse 30 and later at Königstrasse 14. The family belonged to the so-called upper bourgeoisie due to their prosperity and their social position. The Stuttgart historian Maria Zelzer counts the Franks among the "newly emerging rich of the Stuttgart Jewish community": in 1914, when there were 250 millionaires in Stuttgart, 33 were Jews, and Frank's father had a fortune of two million marks (this corresponds to almost 10 million euros).

The family also participated in the city's cultural life. Frank's father was a member of the Stuttgart Museum Society "to maintain upscale entertainment and further education in literary and artistic fields", which organized conferences and festivals at the nearby Silberburg . Over the steep Silberbuckel at the end of Silberburgstrasse, where Frank's birthplace stood, the carters drove their wagons into town or to the neighboring brewery, and little Frank watched the servants abuse their poor horses, a “primeval experience” that his pity felt established with the creature ”.

See also: parents and siblings .

school

Bruno Frank (left) and his friend Wilhelm Speyer, 1906.

Bruno Frank's “wonderful father” and his mother, a “pompous, spirited lady” made it possible for their sons and daughter to attend high school and university. Bruno Frank attended the humanistic Karls-Gymnasium in Stuttgart "after completing two pre-school classes" . In 1902 he was kicked out of school “for insubordination”, an incident that he said he liked to think back on.

His parents then sent him to the Haubinda educational reform home in Thuringia. The pupils were taught at this private school "according to the curriculum of the Prussian high schools" , that is, excluding the humanistic subjects. The school buildings were in the middle of nature and formed a kind of manor. The students not only received normal school lessons, but were also encouraged to do agricultural and handicraft work. The ascetic educational principles of the anti-Semitic headmaster Hermann Lietz and their practical implementation were controversial, and Bruno Frank was not prepared to bow to these principles. In Haubinda he met the later writers Erich von Mendelssohn and Wilhelm Speyer . Both processed their experiences in Haubinda in autobiographically colored novels. Mendelssohn died at the age of 25, and Frank was friends with Wilhelm Speyer until his death. Early in 1904, the precocious Frank had to leave Haubinda at the age of sixteen, after he and Maria Lessing, née Stach von Goltzheim had run away, the first wife of his philosophy teacher Theodor Lessing , a women's rights activist and journalist.

Philipp Fischer von Weikersthal
oil painting by Max Slevogt , 1903
Nora von Beroldingen 
at the “Ball der Bücher”, 1927

“Thanks to an incomparable teacher”, Frank was able to fill in “the gaps in my humanistic training” in Stuttgart. The teacher was Philipp Fischer von Weikersthal (1871–1940), professor of classical philology at the traditional Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium in Stuttgart, which Frank attended from Easter 1904 and which Hegel and Mörike had attended before him . A year later, in June 1905, he passed the Abitur examination at this school.

In Stuttgart, Bruno Frank was friends with Nora Kapp von giltstein (1889–1953, married Countess Nora von Beroldingen ), who was two years his junior . She was the daughter of Otto Kapp von giltstein , a Württemberg engineer who had made a name for himself as a railway pioneer, including as the builder of a section of the Baghdad Railway . Bruno Frank and Nora von Kapp were both interested in literature. On the way to school, Frank read his first poems to her, which were published in 1905 shortly before Frank's Abitur examination under the title “ From the golden shell ” in the Heidelberg publishing house . On the Uhlandshöhe in Stuttgart they read together the Buddenbrooks by Thomas Mann , "the primal scene of Bruno Frank's Thomas Mann adoration" (see also: Nora von Beroldingen ). When the parents got wind of the friendship, Nora von Kapp was "banished" to England for further training.

Education

In his "little autobiography" from 1930, which he wrote in the third-person form, Frank pulls succinctly the sum of his six years at the university, "He then studied at several universities jurisprudence , its wonderful father for the sake of holy zeal, but extremely Little talent. ”From the winter semester of 1905, Frank moved to the universities of Tübingen, Munich, Strasbourg, Heidelberg, Leipzig, Freiburg and in the summer semester of 1911 again Tübingen.

Bruno Frank mainly spent his student days studying his favorite subjects, literature and philosophy. About his first semester in Tübingen, he reported that he hadn't learned much academically there, but rather spent nights enjoying the verses of Hölderlin and Mörike with his friend Walter Reinöhl, one of the editors of Uhland's works, and debated the philosophical ideas of Hegel and Schelling .

He was also eager to establish himself as a writer. At the end of his school days and during his studies, he published the two volumes of poetry " From the golden bowl " (1905) and "Gedichte" (1907), the story "In the dark room" (1906), an almost exclusively reflective one between 1905 and 1911 introspective text, the novel “Die Nachtwache” (1909), in which he addresses the fate of a failed artist, and “Refugees” (1911), a volume with novellas of different artistic levels. In 1911 he received his doctorate. phil. with the dissertation " Gustav Pfizers Dichtungen" on the lyrical work of a Swabian poet. By then, the student had published 20 magazine articles with poems, novels, essays and reviews that helped to make him known in the literary world.

"For Bruno Frank," studying "did not mean attending lectures, but savoring his passions." After "many an affair", he entered into a stable relationship with Alice Oberfoell (1886–1911) from Munich in the spring of 1909. When this broke up after more than a year, he processed the loss in the novella " Pantomime ", with which he won a prize in the "Novellette Prize Competition" of a literary magazine in 1910. One of the jurors was Thomas Mann , to whom he had sought contact in early 1910 as an “enthusiastic youth”. Thomas Mann had welcomed him well, and over time a lifelong friendship developed between the dissimilar colleagues.

In 1911 Bruno Frank fell in love with the American Emma Ley (1887–1912), who was on a trip to Europe with her mother. The young woman with lung disease died in April 1912 after a stay of several months in the forest sanatorium in Davos. "The death of a second beloved woman within a year had darkened the world for him," writes Frank's biographer Sascha Kirchner (Alice Oberfoell was also in 1911, one year after Separation, died). He released his grief in the cycle of poems " Requiem ", excerpts from the " Simplicissimus ", for which he had worked since 1908 and contributed until 1917. The memory of the deceased lover was once again incorporated into the play “ The Sisters and the Stranger ” from 1917: Cordula, a young woman who is also consumptive, has to spend the last six months of her life in the sanatorium, lovingly accompanied by Rudolf, who takes care of her out of deep compassion and becomes engaged to her.

In addition to his poetic work, the struggle for money consumed a large part of his strength. To maintain his lavish lifestyle and to satisfy his gambling addiction, he plunged himself into debt again and again, especially with his school friend Eberhard Ackerknecht , his publisher Otto Winter and Thomas Mann. Several trips to the south of France, where he indulged his gambling addiction in the casino in Monte Carlo , and a trip to Paris strengthened his love for France, which was often reflected in literary works.

writer

Before the war

In his first story “In the dark room” from 1906, Bruno Frank, who came from a middle-class background, had already struck a key note in his life plan: “Acquire! For them, the great and terrible word includes everything that can be talked about, what can be thought of. ”In the novella“ Bigram ”from 1921, the main protagonist sums up the view of life in bourgeois society:“ That is life itself, the bare Existence, which could be more important than gaining one's means, is a monstrous notion. ”Bigram manages to lead a free, self-determined life, just as the author may have imagined.

In any case, Frank had no intention of taking up a civil profession after graduating. As a result, his father stopped paying him at the beginning of 1912, so that he was completely dependent on the income from his literary work. He continued to earn part of his livelihood by borrowing money from acquaintances and by making advances from his publisher. Until the outbreak of World War I, he spent several months in Paris, at Gut Neukastel near Landau, in Berlin, the literary center of Germany, in Munich, where he made contact with the “Schwabinger Bohème ”, and in the Swiss mountains.

First World War

Despite his pacifist and Francophile sentiments, Frank initially let himself be carried away by patriotic enthusiasm when the war broke out. Although exempt from military service, he joined the staff of a unit based in Stuttgart as a war volunteer as an interpreter. After deployments in Flanders and Poland, he was released four months later in December 1914 due to illness. Like most of his colleagues in the writing guild, he felt obliged to support the “cause” of the fatherland “ patriotically ”. From December 1914 to September 1916 he published over 30 poems, most of them in Simplicissimus and some in “ Strophes in War . A leaflet ”. If not devoid of nationalistic tones, Frank's poems are neither hateful nor bloodthirsty. He does not glorify war, but always echoes his humane attitude , especially when he gives a voice to the longing for peace or when he commemorates the war dead, regardless of the camp. From 1917 the lyric poet Bruno Frank fell silent. Not until 1919 were another twelve poems published. From then on he devoted himself almost exclusively to prose .

House number 125 in Feldafing, where Bruno Frank lived from 1916 to 1926. Photo: between 1909 and 1914.

In 1915 Bruno Frank's second novel “Die Fürstin” appeared, the story of the development of a young man who found happiness in life in a subordinate, serving position. Since that year he has also been friends with the Stuttgart court actress Emmy Remolt-Jessen , who comes from Munich and with whom he shared a love for the theater and Munich. At the commemoration of Bismarck's 100th birthday in Stuttgart, she recited a 20-stanza hymn by Bruno Frank, which conjured up the legacy of Bismarck and Frederick the Great with reference to the war.

At the beginning of 1916, Bruno Frank moved to his adopted home in Upper Bavaria, where he settled for a decade in Feldafing on Lake Starnberg , in the immediate vicinity of Munich, where his friend Thomas Mann also lived. In later years he said: "I came to Munich as a very young student and after the first week I knew: this is the home of my life." In his self-portrait from 1930 he wrote (in the third person) about his field fingers " Hermitage ”(Sascha Kirchner): He“ spent eight years pretty much alone in the countryside in Upper Bavaria. His most familiar company during this time were his three little black poodles, whose minds and characters he thinks big. ”The dog lover kept several dogs throughout his life, and dogs also played an important role in his work (“ Days of the King ”,“ Bigram "," Ms. Ethel Redgrave "," Storm in a water glass ").

In 1916 Frank published his second collection of short stories, "The Heaven of the Disappointed". The theater lover began to write for the theater, mainly in the hope of improving his precarious financial situation in the middle of the war. His first play, the comedy “ Die Treue Magd ”, was successful on stage, but fell through with criticism. Ten more stage plays followed by 1932, including the successful plays "Twelve Thousand", " Storm in a Water Glass " and " Nina " (1927–1931). Apparently he succeeded in the course of time, with his own plays, some of which were also translated, and with the translation of foreign-language plays, “to put his writing existence on a solid economic basis”.

Weimar Republic

Liesl and Bruno Frank with their three black poodles. Photo: between 1926 and 1929.
Munich, Mauerkircherstraße 43, home of the Frank couple from 1926 to 1933. Photo: 2011.

In general, Bruno Frank did not take part publicly in the political discussion, rather he preferred to express his convictions in literature. He had left the literary ivory tower for the first time with his war poems. After the end of the war, one month after the proclamation of the republic, he made a speech to Munich intellectuals about the republican constitution and called on the assembly to participate actively in a future democratic state.

The years in the Weimar Republic were literarily very fruitful for Bruno Frank. In addition to several collections of novels and plays, he published his two central works on Frederick the Great: “ Days of the King ” and “ Trenck ”, which were very successful and cemented his reputation. In 1928 the " Politische Novelle " appeared, a passionate and controversially discussed plea for Franco-German reconciliation.

In 1924 he married Liesl Pallenberg, 16 years his junior, daughter of the famous operetta diva Fritzi Massary (see marriage ). In 1926 the couple moved with their three dogs to the villa district of the Herzogpark in Munich- Bogenhausen , very close to Thomas Mann's residence. They ran an open, hospitable home. Albrecht Joseph writes in his memoirs: "Your company was extremely popular ... both played bridge, were charming entertainers and were definitely an asset to societies." Erika Mann and her brother Klaus Mann also remembered (like many others) happy to both: “Because these two people have the very rare strength and ability to create an atmosphere around them. ... You always feel at home in a strange, almost indescribable way. ... Others, strangers, have also had this experience. ”The Franks had a close friendship with their neighbor Thomas Mann and his family, and they were friends or well-known with numerous other contemporaries of cultural life and stayed in as celebrities not ignored by the press (see also: Liesl and Bruno Frank in the press ).

Bruno Frank was an eyewitness to the 1923 Hitler coup and watched with a shudder the steady advance of the brown hordes in Munich. In 1939, he wrote in retrospect in his unpublished pamphlet " Lie as a State Principle ":

“In the city in which we lived, we were in a privileged position to study its living Messiah ourselves. Here he walked in the flesh. He came through Munich's beautiful streets, which he has since ruined, in his smart belt coat. Here he preferred to fall into a trance, carried away with roaring fits of his "mission," an enraptured seer who at the right moment, when he was happily foaming at his mouth, pressed the button at the bottom of the lectern to turn the headlights towards him conduct."

The “humane gentleman” Bruno Frank suffered from “the increasing radicalization, confusion, brutality” of society. The Reichstag fire in 1933 was the last warning signal that drove him to immediately leave what was now National Socialist Germany .

exile

Europe (1933–1937)

On February 27, 1933, Liesl Frank woke her husband in the middle of the night: “The phone was just being made - the Communists set the Reichstag on fire.” Frank replied: “The Communists? The Nazis themselves, of course. Tomorrow we are leaving Germany. ”They first fled to Switzerland, where they settled on Lake Lugano. The following year they lived for some time in southern France in the Provencal town of Sanary-sur-Mer , which had become a center for German emigrants (the plaque shown reads like a who's who of the German-speaking intellectual elite). From 1935 to 1937 the couple lived in London in winter and in Salzburg in summer, which they attracted because of its festival . Here the uprooted poet could feel at home in his language and culture. In the spring of 1937 the Franks spent a few more months in the south of France in Menton before emigrating to the USA.

In the year of his emigration in 1933, Frank was expelled from the Association of German Writers and the Rotary Club in Munich. In 1934 he joined the German PEN in exile as a founding member (see also memberships ). The name of Bruno Franks was not on the so-called “Beautiful Literature” blacklist , so that his books were spared when the books were burned on May 10, 1933. A strange "oversight", since Frank was not only Jewish, but had to be a thorn in the side of the National Socialists at least since his " Political Novella ". In 1938, however, the Reichsschrifttumskammer “corrected” this oversight by putting its “all writings” on the “list of harmful and undesirable literature”. Bruno Frank's last publication in Germany was the novella “ Die Monduhr ”, which was published in the Vossische Zeitung in mid-1933 . For his future publications he was dependent on exile publishers and journals.

Since the German market for German-language writers had practically collapsed, Frank tried to market his works in London. "His plays conquered him the hearts of the English public," recalled Klaus Mann , particularly his comedy " tempest in a teapot " (Storm in a Teacup). In England the Franks enjoyed celebrity status: In a private performance for the English King Edward VIII. Frank's “Storm in a Teacup” was performed in the presence of Bruno and Liesl Frank. He did not accept an invitation from Churchill , which he later regretted, and an encounter with old George Bernard Shaw disappointed him because he sympathized with the National Socialists. In 1934 the novel “ Cervantes ”, which “can with some justification be considered the best work of Bruno Frank”, was published by the Amsterdam exile publisher Querido . The German edition of the work was well received by the critics, but sold poorly because of the limited readership. It was different in the USA: in 1935 the title was voted “Book of the Month”, which guaranteed a high circulation, and was published as a paperback in the same year.

In October 1937 the Franks set off for the New World on the luxury steamer " Île de France ".

Bruno Frank dealt with the crimes and atrocities of the Nazis in exile. While in his historical novel "Cervantes", apart from the episode of the " blood test ", he only indirectly alludes to the Nazi dictatorship in the description of the terror regime in Algeria , in his contemporary novel " The Passport " published in 1937 he dramatically depicts the horrors of the Hitler system although he had to exercise moderation in order to prevent Fritz Helmut Landshoff , the director of the Querido publishing house, "from coming to the cachot for insulting a befriended 'head of state'". In the same year the English translation of the novel was published in London ("Closed Frontiers") and in New York ("Lost Heritage"). At the same time, Franks Amsterdamer Exilverlag brought out a volume with selected novels and poems ("Aus Many Years").

Bruno Frank was already known to the American public through translations of some of his narrative works, and his plays " Storm in a Water Glass " (Storm over Patsy) and " The Woman on the Animals " (Young Madame Conti) were re-performed on Broadway in 1937 . With their Panamanian passports and a contract with the MGM film studios, the Franks believed they were well equipped for the leap across the pond, which Frank's brother Lothar Frank had already dared in 1936. In mid-October 1937 they left Le Havre by ship and arrived in New York on October 26, where Erika Mann and Klaus Mann gave them a warm welcome upon arrival.

America (1937-1945)

In a conversation with twenty-year-old Klaus Mann, Frank answered the question about the stylistic-artistic ideal he was striving for as follows: “Extreme clarity, that seems to me the most beautiful of all. A minimum of verbal use - say the most complicated in simple words. One should actually write like Tacitus . "

Frank sympathized with Klaus Mann's efforts to bring together the most diverse forces of writers living in exile, but became skeptical in view of the increasing quarrel between the left and the conservative camp of emigration. His only political writing remained Lies as a State Principle (1939); in this he castigated Hitler's rule.

He lived in the USA from 1939 until his death in 1945 .

Retirement

Bruno Frank had suffered from chronic and recurring diseases since he was 23 years old, which sometimes put him out of action for several weeks or at times significantly reduced his quality of life. He complained in particular of rheumatic joint inflammation, gout attacks, neuritis and lung problems with asthmatic attacks of suffocation. In addition to the physical impairments in exile, there was excessive disappointment and deep despair over the "spoiling" of his fatherland. Thomas Mann described the physical and mental suffering of his friend in his obituary for the deceased: “They died of an overstrained heart, one after the other, the comrades of the emigration. In 1944, a coronary thrombosis also brought him to the brink of death. He survived her, condemned to live more or less as a patient, with unpleasant caution. An agonizing illness of his beloved companion, long inexplicable, continued to affect the damaged heart. Then came pneumonia, from which he artificially and apparently recovered. She was already the deadly disease. "

Gravestone of Bruno Frank.
Grave of Bruno Frank (and L. Frank Baum ).

In November 1943, Frank announced to his publisher Fritz H. Landshoff that he was planning a novel about the French writer Nicolas Chamfort , of which, however, he could only complete the first chapter. It was published two weeks before his own death under the title “Chamfort tells his death” for Thomas Mann's birthday in the “Neue Rundschau”.

Bruno Frank died at home in his apartment at 513 North Camden Drive, Beverly Hills on June 20, 1945 , one week after his 58th birthday. Six weeks earlier he had seen the long-awaited end of the Second World War, and seeing his homeland again was no longer granted to him. Ludwig Marcuse reported: "He never woke up from his best sleep, which he had in the afternoon hours." And Thomas Mann judged: "The gentlest, most unconscious death, comfortable, peaceful, with magazines on the bedspread." Given death, as he intended it for one of his literary characters: In the novella “Bigram”, Paul Bigram's mother dies “in an easy, almost happy way”. “Her narrow face rested sideways and still seemed a little rosy; There was fresh snow in front of the window, it was as if she was smiling outside. "

Bruno Frank was buried in a cemetery north of Los Angeles, the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the city of Glendale . Shortly after Frank's death, several obituaries appeared in the exile magazine “ Aufbau ”: “A Farewell” by Ludwig Marcuse , “In memoriam Bruno Frank” by Thomas Mann and “Bruno Frank, the European” by Wilhelm Dieterle . On August 13, 1945, a private memorial service was held at Thomas Mann's home in Pacific Palisades , and on September 29, 1945 a memorial service by the Jewish Club of 1933 was held at the Play House in Hollywood .

family

Parents and siblings

Bruno Frank had four siblings: his brother Walter (1889-1891), who died as a small child, the brothers Helmuth and Lothar and his sister Ruth.

  • Helmuth Frank (1892 – after 1944) joined the Stuttgart-based banking house Gebr. Rosenfeld in 1921 as a partner, in which his father was managing director and partner. He left the bank as early as 1925 and from then on settled in Genoa, where his mother Lina Frank followed him immediately after the death of her husband in 1930. She died in Turin in 1960.
  • Lothar Frank (1900–1985) received his doctorate in 1924 in Tübingen as an economist, worked at the Reich Statistical Office until 1927 and then joined the Rosenfeld family as a partner, which was dissolved and expropriated by the Nazis in the 1930s. From 1930 to 1936 he was assistant director at the parent company of the Julius Petschek Group in Berlin. In November 1936 he emigrated to Los Angeles before his brother Bruno, where he worked as a securities broker and investment advisor until his retirement in 1965.
Lothar Frank was with the social scientist Dr. rer. pole. Elisabeth Frank born Roth (1900–1969) who gave birth to her son Anton Frank in Berlin in 1931. Anthony M. Frank became head of a large American savings and loan company and was the United States Postmaster General from 1988 to 1992 .
  • Bruno Frank's sister Ruth (Helene) Frank (1908–2004) studied medicine in Munich and in Czechoslovakia. After the Munich Agreement , she also emigrated to the USA, where she worked as an anesthetist in New York and got married. In 1980 she lived under her married name Welch-Hayman, widowed in New York.

On March 9, 1938, the Nazis had revoked Bruno Frank and his wife Liesl's citizenship; on May 30, 1939, their mother Lina and siblings Helmuth and Ruth suffered the same fate. They had escaped the Nazi thugs by emigrating, but lost their home and their assets. The Frank couple had to wait until the end of 1944 for American citizenship to be granted because Bruno Frank was in contact with the communist-affine publisher El libro libre in Mexico and was therefore monitored by the FBI since 1942.

marriage

Liesl Frank
oil painting by Susanne Carvallo-Schülein, 1928

Elisabeth Pallenberg (1903–1979), called Liesl, was the illegitimate daughter of the Austrian operetta diva Fritzi Massary (1882–1969) and Karl-Kuno Graf von Coudenhove (1887–1940). When Fritzi Massary married the famous actor Max Pallenberg in 1916 , he adopted Liesl as a child and gave her his name. Bruno Frank, who was living in Feldafing at the time, married Liesl on August 6, 1924 in Pallenberg's country house in Garmisch. The couple initially continued to live in Feldafing and moved to Mauerkircherstraße 43 in the Herzogpark in Munich- Bogenhausen in 1926 , in the immediate vicinity of Thomas Mann , with whom Frank had been friends since 1910.

Bruno and Liesl Frank's marriage remained childless. After Frank's death, Liesl Frank moved to New York and from then on worked as a literary agent in collaboration with Joseph Bornstein (1899–1952). In 1948 she married the director Leo Mittler and took the family name Frank-Mittler. The couple returned to Germany in the early 1950s. After the death of her second husband in 1958, Liesl Frank-Mittler married the screenwriter Jan Lustig in 1965 . She lived with him in Munich at Mauerkircherstraße 84, on the same street where the Frank couple had lived. Liesl Frank-Mittler died on March 21, 1979. Her literary estate is kept in the Monacensia , the literary archive of the Munich City Library. Among other things, it also contains part of Bruno Frank's written legacies. Another part of Bruno Frank's written estate is kept in the German Literature Archive in Marbach .

Margin notes

Nora von Beroldingen

Bruno Frank's childhood friend Nora von Beroldingen from Stuttgart wrote in 1946 to the writer Herbert Günther , who often visited the Franks in Munich in the twenties: "I laughed a lot when you mentioned the word" urban ", he said it as a boy, and I always teased him and said he had to move to Urbanstrasse, which was not far from our beloved Uhlandhöhe. "

Pius XII.

After the First World War, Bruno Frank is said to have helped out in the food department in Munich. If one can believe a report by Marta Feuchtwanger , one day he was “sitting at a desk in the Wittelsbacher Palais when [...] a great-looking prelate walked in and asked him in a low voice whether he could continue to get his butter ration. Frank said he would do his best. The prelate was Nuncio Pacelli, who later became Pope Pius XII. "

Liesl and Bruno Frank in the press

The Munich art and literary magazine Jugend published not only a poem and two novellas by Bruno Frank, but also in 1928 the painting “The Wife of the Poet Bruno Frank” by Susanne Carvallo-Schülein and in 1930 a caricature of Bruno Frank by Eva Herrmann . In a feature article entitled “Germany's poet at the hairdresser”, Erich Kästner chatted from the “sewing box” of a Berlin celebrity hairdresser in 1928. In the “Haarkünstlerei” guest album, alongside theater stars and other poets, Bruno Frank also immortalized himself with the following sentence: “The only place where you like to leave your hair. The only place where you don't like to be left unscathed. "

Natasha Lytess

Bruno Frank is said to have had a relationship with Natasha Lytess (1915–1963). Lytess had been a Jew and a member of Max Reinhardt's drama troupe in Berlin and Vienna. After the Nazis came to power, she left Germany and settled in Los Angeles . She got supporting roles in several Hollywood films and was also active as an acting teacher, from 1948 to 1955 as the private tutor of Marilyn Monroe . After Frank's death in 1945, Lytess is said to have passed himself off as his widow. In addition, Bruno Frank is said to be the father of her daughter Barbara, who was born in 1943.

plant

Overview

Bruno Frank first drew attention to himself as a poet with the publication of volumes of poetry (1905–1919). From 1911 onwards he published an abundance of novellas and short stories, which were largely received warmly by critics and readers. He later wrote several politically inspired short stories, particularly the controversial " Political Novella ". In the mid-twenties, two highly acclaimed short stories were published that dealt with Frederick the Great: “ Days of the King ” and “ Trenck ”. In the twenties and thirties Frank created around a dozen comedies and plays, including the very successful comedy " Storm in a Water Glass ". His most important novel “ Cervantes ” was published in exile, followed by two other exile novels that dealt with German fascism and the persecution of the Jews: “ The Passport ” and “ The Daughter ”. In 1944 Fritz H. Landshoff planned to publish a six or seven volume complete edition of Bruno Frank's writings at Querido Verlag . However, the plan was not carried out.

Memorial plaque on Bruno Frank's birthplace, Stuttgart, Silberburgstrasse 159

“His early death - only a month after the collapse of the Third Reich - prevented him from performing in a Germany that was free again after the war and from continuing to achieve success, as many of his writer friends did.” Today (2016) Bruno Frank is almost forgotten . That was already true in 1975, when Martin Gregor-Dellin , the editor of a work by Bruno Frank, complained about this state of affairs: “He is not only one of the well-known authors of the exile generation, but also has the literary scenery of the twenties Years in Germany. ”In the fifties and sixties well-known publishers brought out“ numerous new editions ”of Frank's prose books,“ with which he became known to a larger audience in the decade between 1924 and 1934 ”. In 1957 Rowohlt Verlag published a one-volume selection of works with prose works, poems and plays. From 1975 to 1985 the Nymphenburger Verlag, under the direction of Martin Gregor-Dellin, organized a six-volume edition of works with five of Frank's novels and a selection of his short stories and stories. 30 years have passed since then and none of the works by Bruno Frank are available any longer. Anyone interested in the author is dependent on libraries or the used book trade. Frank's plays have not been performed for 30 years either (a fate that they share with the works of more famous dramatists).

2015 and 2017 will mark the 70th and 130th anniversary of Frank's death and birthday, respectively, a welcome occasion for new editions for more famous poets, especially since the seventy-year copyright period expires on January 1st, 2016. However, based on previous experience, a renaissance of Frank's works is rather unlikely. Given the current state of the director's theater, it can hardly be assumed that these days of remembrance could lead to the resumption of Frank's most successful stage work, his profound and witty comedy “ Storm in a Water Glass ”. It is hardly to be expected that Frank's hometown Stuttgart will remember him on this occasion, and the same will probably apply to Feldafing and Munich, his beloved adopted home, where he spent seventeen years of his life before he had to emigrate from his home in 1933.

Poems

At the age of eighteen, shortly before graduating from high school, Bruno Frank stepped into the public eye for the first time in 1905 with a poetic work, the volume of poems " From the golden bowl ". The first volume was followed by two more volumes: “Poems. Second, greatly increased edition ”(1907) and“ The shadows of things ”(1912). In 1913 he published the cycle of poems “ Requiem ” in memory of his deceased girlfriend and in 1915 a collection of eight war poems, “ Strophes in War . A leaflet ”. The ribbon “Requiem. Poems ”from 1916 contained three old poems, including“ Requiem ”, and 23 new poems. In 1919 he brought out another volume of poetry, “Die Kelter. Selected poems ”, a collection of 123 old and eight new poems, which he selected from a pool of around 300 poems.

Frank's poems received attention in the literary world and were discussed in relevant magazines, including by Hermann Hesse . According to his biographer Sascha Kirchner, the hallmark of his poetry was the “purified and filtered sensation”. His self-confession in the “Little Autobiography” of 1930, that his ethical and literary taste is rather old-fashioned, also applies to his mostly short and simple poems, which obey classical formal principles and are characterized by their “lack of timeliness”, while among his contemporaries Expressionism blossomed. This, too, may be a reason why Frank's poetry has not found lasting resonance in literary history. From around 1913 onwards, only a few poems were written, and from then on Bruno Frank devoted himself almost exclusively to prose and drama.

Novellas

Note: Since the distinction between short stories and short stories is fluid, this section also deals with the smaller short stories.

From 1911 to 1933 Bruno Frank published an abundance of novels, mostly published in anthologies, whose dramaturgical structure is not always convincing at first, but which stand out due to their high linguistic culture and fine powers of observation and give an idea of ​​the talented dramatist in the dialogues. His short prose is largely a reflection of his high sense of justice, his deep humanity and the compassionate ethic of his "private household god" Schopenhauer .

The first volume of novels, “Refugees” (1911) deals with the protagonists' attempts to flee, their flight into life, death or art: a budding philosopher freaks out and turns to a bourgeois profession ( The Parrot ), disappointed An industrial manager seeks in vain to escape the hustle and bustle of everyday life ( An Adventure in Venice ), a man despairing of his inability to face evil ( Das Böse ), a young couple seeks death and finds their way back to life ( Pantomime ).

In the volume “The Heaven of Disappointed” (1916), the title novel introduces the reader to a strange “institute of consolation” that fulfills the secret desires of those who have been disappointed in life, while other stories tell the fate of people who are looking for one earthly heaven have failed: an industrialist who believes that he will find his fulfillment in gold ( Das Goldbergwerk ), a diplomat whose desires for a harem lady are fatal ( Der Marschall ), a dreamy romantic who falls in love with the cinematographic shadow of a screen actress ( The Shadow ), an adventurer with a soft heart who seeks death on the battlefield ( La Buena Sombra ).

By 1930, nine other anthologies with short prose, which also contained some new novels, were published, including the sensitive portraits of women Mrs. Ethel Redgrave , Hochbahnfahrt , The Unknown and The Hair , the novella Brother -in-law Kronos , a moody dream fantasy about the encounter of a soldier with incarnate death, and the novella Koptisch must be about a scientist who finances his research by running a gambling den. In addition to these smaller treasures, some of Bruno Frank's most important novels were written in the 1920s:

  • Bigram (1921), the portrait of a man who realizes a life plan beyond the pursuit of gainful employment and social ambition.
  • The Golden (1921), the story of a self-conquest in which a golden beetle plays a key role.
  • Der Magier (1929), a literary homage to Max Reinhardt , the then uncrowned king of theater directing.
  • The moon clock (1933), the depiction of a magical obsession that drives an uprooted African native to despair.

An exception in Frank's novelistic is the political novella of 1928, which deals with Franco-German reconciliation. The French Foreign Minister and his designated German counterpart meet in southern France and discuss hopeful prospects for the future of their peoples. On the way back the German is murdered, almost a gloomy premonition of future developments.

In the 1940s, Frank wrote three more novellas while emigrating to California (two of which are only generally accessible in English translation). Two of these “stragglers” of his novellist work are closely connected to his tireless fight against the barbarism of Nazi rule. In Sixteen Thousand Francs (1940), a senior official of the Ministry of Justice escapes from the Nazi terror to France, which in the pre-war freedom still presented itself to him as a refuge of civilization. Honor thy Father and thy Mother (1943) uses the example of a high Nazi functionary to show the inhumanity of the system, which does not shrink from any atrocity, not even in one's own family. In the unusual love story The suitcase (1943), a man's plans to quit disintegrate into nothing when his wife apparently affects him red-handed, but despite overwhelming evidence trusts his word alone - the most wonderful experience of his life for the almost dropout.

stories

Frank's first prose work was the little book "In the dark room" (1906), a "brooding love story tinged with self-biography, but which went almost unnoticed". Up until the 1930s Frank published a large number of short stories and short stories, which are dealt with in the short stories section . Frank's most important and perhaps most popular works include the two narrative works from the 1920s that revolve around Frederick the Great, “ Days of the King ” (1924) and “ Trenck . Novel of a Favorite ”(1926) (see novels ).

“Days of the King” is a cycle of three short stories that portray Frederick the Great in the last years of his life, as a person with his contradictions, far from any hymn-like worship. In “The Grand Chancellor”, the king defies the judgment of the courts with absolute power, dismisses his Grand Chancellor under a pretext and replaces him with a man who sets off the long-cherished plan of criminal law reform for him. In “Die Scar” he reveals to an old friend and companion that a failed operation on his genital organs also left a mental scar on him, which may have caused some hardening in his being. "Alkmene" finally shows a bitter man in his loneliness, for whom fate with his favorite dog Alkmene also robs one of the last joys of his old days.

Novels

His first novel, “Die Nachtwache” (1909) portrays a writer who is desperate because of his flagging creative power. The criticism attested Frank “material maturity” as well as “discreet irony” and “richness of linguistic nuances” reminiscent of Thomas Mann. In his next novel, "Die Fürstin" (1915), he tells the story of the development of a young man who tends to submit and who ultimately finds his goal in life as a servant, devoted aquarium keeper in a marine research institute. In “ Trenck . Novel of a Favorite ”(1926) Frank describes the tragic (not guaranteed) love story between Ensign Friedrich von der Trenck and Princess Amalie of Prussia , the sister of Frederick the Great. When the king learns of the improper love affair, he puts Trenck in detention without judgment and banishes his sister to a monastery as abbess. There are many other entanglements in both lives which, however, only seem to serve the author as a foil to trace a portrait of Frederick the Great.

Frank's most important novel “ Cervantes ” (1934), which describes the prehistory of Cervantes' masterpiece Don Quixote , was published while emigrating . Frank describes in color pictures striking episodes in the life of the Spaniard, who like an Odysseus wanders aimlessly through the world on his adventurous journeys until he finally finds his calling in his mature years and begins to write Don Quixote in prison. In his first exile novel, Frank had also exposed the Spanish racial madness to ridicule, certainly not without looking sideways at the current developments in the injustice state of the Third Reich. His last two novels in exile deal with the struggle against German fascism and the ordeal of Galician Eastern Jews. In “ Der Reisepaß ” (1937), the Prince of Saxony-Camburg takes part in an attempted coup against the Nazis. The prince escapes arrest, frees the imprisoned leader of the putschists and flees with him to England. The novel “ The Daughter ” (1943) describes the fate of three Galician Jewish women in the first half of the 20th century. Against the historical panorama of changing systems of rule, he illustrates the silent exclusion, open anti-Semitism and pogroms that the Jewish population in Galicia suffered from.

play

Sturm im Wasserglas, 1930. - Bruno Frank's friend Emmy Remolt-Jessen as Mrs. Vogl with her dog Toni

From 1916 Bruno Frank lived for a decade in Feldafing on Lake Starnberg, within easy reach of the Bavarian metropolis. Plagued by financial difficulties, he turned to drama and wrote plays for the purpose of securing subsistence. His first play was the comedy " Die Treue Magd " (1916), an entertaining and popular play, with which he was a sample of his pronounced dramatic talent. This was followed by other comedies and, in between, serious plays, including the two successful plays "Twelve Thousand" (1927), in which he denounced the soldier trade, and " The General and Gold " (1932), a play about the rise and fall of an emigrant .

Towards the end of the twenties, Frank wrote three more comedies that did not deny their relationship to the tabloid comedy and the popular theater: the “ Pearl Comedy ” (1929), “Nina” (1931) and the most successful of his plays, the comedy “ Sturm im Wasserglas "(1930), which was performed and filmed with great success not only on German-speaking stages but also in England as" Storm in a teacup ". In exile, Frank brought out another play, " The Forbidden City " (1940), a play that was set in China at the time of the Boxer Rebellion, but with which he apparently did not hit the nerve of the American audience.

Others

From 1908 onwards, Bruno Frank also provided articles of a non-literary nature for magazines and newspapers. He began reviewing poems and soon turned to the review of prose and stage works. He dedicated a number of essays to poets he valued, such as Hölderlin , Kipling and Klabund , and his “private household gods” Thomas Mann and Ivan Turgenev . Other essays dealt with cultural topics or with political questions. These include printed speeches such as “Von der Menschenliebe” (1919) and “The Very Friends of the American People” (1942), as well as the unpublished essay “ Lie als Staatsprinzip ” (1939). Since Bruno Frank was completely indecent, there are only a few autobiographical testimonials from him. We owe some knowledge about his person to the rampant “surveys” of magazines in the 1920s and 1930s, which were supposed to provide information about the best books of the year or answers to questions such as “Which of your books was treated most unfairly?” Or “Why are your books read a lot? ”.

In the twenties and thirties, Bruno Frank also worked as a translator, especially of French and English plays. In the thirties and forties, especially at the beginning of his exile in California, he also worked as a screenwriter for Hollywood.

Catalog raisonné

Complete directory

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1 1905.1 From the golden bowl . Poems. Heidelberg: Winter, 1905. - Motto: “Que sçay-je? Montaigne . “
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 127, #Kirchner 2009 , page 24-26.
Poems
1 1906.1 In the dark room. Heidelberg: Winter, 1906.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 27-29, #Frank 1907.1 , page 119, #Paul 1982.1 , page 383.
Short prose
1 1907.1 Poems. Second, greatly increased edition. Heidelberg: Winter, 1907. Contains: #Frank 1905.1 and 53 new poems.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 31-32, #Paul 1982.1 , page 383.
Poems
1 1909.1 The night watch. Novel. Heidelberg: Winter, 1909. - Dedication: “Dedicated to Willy Speyer.”
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , pages 128, 129, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 34, 36, 38–40, 59, 349, 386, 397.
Novels
1 1911.1 Refugees. Novellas. Munich: Langen , 1911.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , pages 128, 130, #Bab 1918 , pages 413-414, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 46-48, 57, 349, 350, 387, 399, #Paul 1982.1 , page 383-384.
Short prose
1 1912.1 The shadows of things. Poems. Munich: Langen , 1912. - Dedication: “Frau Elisabeth Griesinger in friendship and admiration”.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 127, #Bab 1918 , page 414-415, #Kirchner 2009 , page 52-55, 57, 219, 351, 397, #Loerke 1918 .
Poems
1 1912.2 Gustav Pfizer's seals. Tübingen: Wilhelm Kloeres, 1912. - Dedication: “In gratitude to my dear parents.”
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 50–51.
dissertation
1 1913.1 Requiem . Munich: Langen , 1913.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 127, #Bab 1918 , page 415, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 56-58, 84, 88, 351, 386, 389, #Mann 1984.5 .
Poems
1 1915.1 The princess. Novel. Munich: Langen , 1915.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 130, #Bab 1918 , page 414, #Frank 1926.8 , #Kirchner 2009 , pages 77-84, 88, 91, 272, 304, 317, 354, 358, 390 , 395, 400, # Müller 1994 , pages 6-7.
Novels
1 1915.2 Stanzas in war . A leaflet. Munich: Albert Langen , 1915, online: .
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 71–74.
Poems
1 1916.1 The heaven of the disappointed. Novellas. Munich: Langen , 1916.
Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , pages 383-384, 386-387, #Bab 1918 , pages 413-414.
Short prose
1 1916.2 The faithful maid . Comedy in three acts. Berlin / Munich: Three masks, 1916. - Dedication: " Emmy Remolt , the woman and the actress".
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 134, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 85-87, 90, 355, 386, 396, 398.
play
1 1916.3 Requiem . Poems. Berlin: Reiss , 1916. Increased new edition of #Frank 1913.1 . - Dedication: “Emma Ley in memory”.
Literature: #Bab 1918.2 , # Rieß 1917 , #Loerke 1918 , #Martens 1922 .
Poems
1 1918.1 Bibikoff . Comedy in three acts based on a humoresque Dostoyevsky. Berlin / Munich: Drei Masken, 1918.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 91, 386, #Stern 2000 , page 152.
play
1 1918.2 The sisters and the stranger . Acting in two acts and a prelude. Munich: Georg Müller , 1918.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 88-91, 355, 356, 386, 396, #Klemperer 2015 , pages 44-45.
play
1 1919.1 The wine press. Selected poems. Munich: Musarion, 1919.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 127.
Poems
1 1919.2 The Comforter . Play in three acts. Munich: Musarion, 1919.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 108–110, #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 134.
play
1 1919.3 Of human love. Spoken in the Munich Political Council of Intellectual Workers on December 10, 1918. Munich: Musarion, 1919.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , pages 130-131, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 92-97, #Klemperer 2015 , pages 44-47, #Paul 1982.1 , pages 385-386, # Umlauf 1982 , pages 109-110.
essay
1 1920.1 Faces. Collected short stories. Munich: Musarion, 1920.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 131, # Großmann 1921 , #Paul 1982.1 , pages 383-384.
Short prose
1 1921.1 Bigram. New stories from Bruno Frank. Munich: Musarion, 1921. Short prose
1 1921.2 The woman on the beast . A drama. Munich: Drei Masken, 1921.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 115-118, #Carpenter 1952 , pages 37-39, #Umlauf 1982 , page 111.
play
1 1921.4 Passions and other stories. Berlin: Ullstein , 1921. Short prose
1 1922.1 Hen in the basket. Comedy in three acts. Berlin: Drei Masken, 1922.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 118.
play
1 1924.1 The melody. Stuttgart: Fleischhauer & Spohn, 1924. Short prose
1 1924.2 Schimmelmann's bride show. Waver in three acts. Recklinghausen: Iris Musik- und Theater-Verlag, 1924.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 118.
play
1 1924.3 Days of the king . Berlin: Rowohlt , 1924. Short prose
1 1926.1 Stories. Berlin: Rowohlt , 1926. Short prose
1 1926.2 Frederick the Great as a person in the mirror of his letters, his writings, contemporary reports and anecdotes . Berlin: Deutsche Buchgemeinschaft , 1926.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 131, #Kirchner 2009 , page 149.
Source
collection
1 1926.3 Trenck . Novel of a favorite. Berlin: Rowohlt , 1926.
Literature: see Trenck .
Novels
1 1927.1 A concert, novellas. Potsdam: Gustav Kiepenheuer , 1927. Short prose
1 1927.2 Twelve thousand. Play in three acts. Berlin: Rowohlt , 1927.
Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 134, #Frank 1926.8 , # Günther 1957 , pages 90-91, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 154-160, 12, 181, 197, 314-315, 362, 387 , 396, 397, # Umlauf 1982 , page 109, 112.
play
1 1928.2 Political novella . Berlin: Rowohlt , 1928.
Literature: see Political Novelle .
Short prose
1 1928.8 Le Roman de Locarno: Political Novella (French-German). Traduit de l'allemand by Joseph Delage. Préface de Bernard room. Paris 1928. - Translation of #Frank 1928.2 . Short prose
1 1929.1 The magician . Novella. Berlin: Rowohlt , 1929. Short prose
1 1929.2 Pearl comedy . A game in 4 acts. Munich: Drei Masken, 1929.
Literature: # Günther 1957 , page 91, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 187–188, 399, #Umlauf 1982 , page 111.
play
1 1930.2 Stories. Leipzig: Fritzsche and Schmidt, 1930. Short prose
1 1930.3 Collected stories. Berlin: Book Community, 1930. Short prose
1 1930.5 Storm in a glass of water . Comedy. Munich: Three masks, 1930. play
1 1931.1 Nina . Comedy in three acts. Munich / Berlin: Drei Masken, 1931.
Literature: # Günther 1957 , page 91, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 192–193, 252, 254, 387, #Umlauf 1982 , page 111, 112.
play
1 1932.1 The general and the gold . Acting in a prologue and eight pictures. Berlin: Drei Masken, 1932.
Literature: #Kirchner 1999 , pages 194–197, # Günther 1957 , page 92.
play
1 1934.1 Cervantes . A novel. Amsterdam: Querido Verlag , 1934.
Literature: see Cervantes .
Novels
1 1937.1 The passport . Novel. Amsterdam: Querido Verlag , 1937.
Literature: see The passport .
Novels
1 1937.2 For many years. Amsterdam: Querido Verlag , 1937.
Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , pages 382-383.
selection
1 1937.3 Stories. Leipzig: Fikentscher, 1937. Short prose
1 1939.1 Lie as a state principle . Unprinted manuscript, 1939.
Literature: #BF M 4 , #Kirchner 2009 , pages 284-287, #Sease 1976 , pages 353, 359, #Umlauf 1982 , pages 115, 119.
essay
1 1940.1 The forbidden city . A play in three acts. Basel: Reiss, 1940.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 294–295, 387, #Umlauf 1982 , page 111.
play
1 1940.2 Sixteen thousand francs. Amsterdam: Querido Verlag , 1940.
Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , pages 387, 391, 393, #Umlauf 1982 , pages 120-121, #Weiskopf 1948 , pages 63-64.
Short prose
1 1942.5 The days of the king: a novel. Translated by Helen Tracy Lowe-Porter. With a foreword by Sinclair Lewis and illustrated by Adolf von Menzel . New York: The Press of the Readers Club, 1942. Short prose
1 1943.1 One fair daughter. New York: Viking Press , 1943. English translation of #Frank 1943.2 . Novels
1 1943.2 The daughter . Novel. México: Ed. "El Libro Libre", 1943.
Literature: see The Daughter .
Novels
1 1943.8 Twelve thousand: play in three acts and Nina: comedy in three acts by Bruno Frank. Edited with introduction, notes and vocabulary by Anthony Scenna. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1943. play
1 1946.2 The magician: and other stories. With an introduction by W. Somerset Maugham . New York: The Viking press, 1946.
Literature: #Carpenter 1952 , pp. 47-50.
selection
1 1951.1 Political novella . Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt , 1951. Short prose
1 1951.2 Cervantes . A novel. Stuttgart: Library of entertainment and knowledge, 1951. Novels
1 1956.1 Political novella . Stuttgart: Reclam , 1956. Short prose
1 1957.1 Selected Works. Prose, poetry, plays. Hamburg: Rowohlt , 1957. selection
1 1975.1 The passport . Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1975. Novels
1 1975.2 Days of the King and Other Tales. With an introduction by Thomas Mann “Political Novelle”. Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1975. Short prose
1 1976.1 Days of the king . Frankfurt am Main: Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag , 1976. Reprint of #Frank 1975.2 . Short prose
1 1977.1 Trenck . Novel of a favorite. Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1977. Novels
1 1978.1 Cervantes . Novel. Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1978. Novels
1 1979.1 The moon clock. Stories. Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1979. Short prose
1 1981.1 Trenck . Munich: dtv , 1981. Reprint of #Frank 1977.1 . Novels
1 1982.1 The heaven of the disappointed. Stories. Berlin: Buchverlag Der Morgen , 1982. Short prose
1 1985.1 The daughter . Edited and with an afterword by Martin Gregor-Dellin . Munich: Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung , 1985. Novels
1 2010.1 Hans Joachim Schädlich reads Bruno Frank: Chamfort tells his death. Fragment of a novel. Audiobook CD. Hamburg: Audiobook Hamburg, 2010. fragment
2 1908.1 The pride of the private lecturer Kaiser. In: The Schwabenspiegel. Weekly of the Württemberger Zeitung , volume 1, number 14, January 7, 1908, pages 103-104. Short prose
2 1909.2 Mr. Komerell and the parrot. In: Arena , 5th year, issue 2, 1909/1910, pages 180-184. Short prose
2 1910.1 The stroke of luck. In: March . Semi-monthly publication for German culture , 4th year, issue 19, October 4, 1910, pages 38–52, issue 20, October 18, 1910, pages 122–127. Short prose
2 1910.2 The mother of an entire city. In: Simplicissimus , Volume 15, Number 28, October 10, 1910, pages 456–457. Short prose
2 1910.3 Pantomime . In: light and shadow. Monthly magazine for black and white art and poetry , 1st year, 1910, number 7. Short prose
2 1911.2 Evil . Novella. In: Die neue Rundschau , Volume 22, Issue 2, February 1911, pages 237–241. Short prose
2 1911.5 In the theater of Verona. Story from: #Frank 1911.1 , An Adventure in Venice , pages 147–157. In: Württemberger Zeitung , 5th volume, number 301, December 23, 1911, supplement “Christmas gift”, page 5. Short prose
2 1912.4 September 14th. In: Württemberger Zeitung , volume 6, number 216, September 14, 1912, festival supplement, page 1. Poems
2 1912.7 Winter night. In: Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , volume 69, number 340, December 23, 1912, page 12. Poems
2 1912.8 A couple of poems. In: The Schwabenspiegel. Weekly of the Württemberger Zeitung , 5th volume, number 52, September 24, 1912, pages 410–411. Poems
2 1913.3 Mr. Campbell. In: The griffin. Cotta'sche monthly magazine , 1st year, issue 2, November 1913, pages 132-133. Poems
2 1914.1 Ah, le misérable! In: Forum , Volume 1, Issue 2, May 1914, pages 102-106. Short prose
2 1914.2 PQ, the critic. In: March . Semi-monthly publication for German culture , year 8, issue 27, July 4, 1914, pages 34–36. Short prose
2 1914.7 Night watch. In: Der Neue Merkur , 1st year, Volume 1, April – September 1914, pages 350–351. Poems
2 1914.8 Song of the Optimists. In: Jugend , Volume 19, Number 31, July 29, 1914, Page 987. Poems
2 1914.9 Kuxe ... Kuxe ... In: Simplicissimus Volume 18, number 52, March 23, 1914, pages 868–869. Poems
2 1914.10 Mrs. Ethel Redgrave. In: The griffin. Cotta'sche monthly , 1st volume, issue 7, April 1914, pages 49-61. Short prose
2 1915.3 Bismarck. In: Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , volume 72, number 164, April 1, 1915, morning edition, pages 2, 5. Poems
2 1915.4 Certainty. In: Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , volume 72, number 86, February 18, 1915, page 5. Poems
2 1915.5 Proud time. In: Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , volume 72, entertainment supplement number 2, January 3, 1915, page 1. Poems
2 1916.4 Brother-in-law Kronos. In: Jugend , Volume 20, Number 21, May 20, 1916, Pages 410, 414, 417. Short prose
2 1916.5 Your gaze is still young ... In: The Schaubühne , Volume 12, Number 19, May 11, 1916, Page 448. Poems
2 1916.6 Summer 1916. In: Die Schaubühne , Volume 12, Number 30, July 27, 1916, Page 93. Poems
2 1917.1 Brother-in-law Kronos. In: Thirteen from Swabia: happy stories from Swabian storytellers. Stuttgart 1917, pages 41-58. Short prose
2 1921.3 The golden one . In: Die neue Rundschau , Volume 32, 1921, Volume 1, Pages 603–631. Short prose
2 1921.5 The emperor. In: The guests. A fortnightly magazine for the Arts , Volume 1, Issue 1, 1921, page 14, online: . Short prose
2 1921.6 The hair. In: Das Tag -Buch , Volume 2, Issue 6, February 12, 1921, pages 170–181. Short prose
2 1922.2 Conversation on the arbor. In: Styl. Leaves for fashion and the pleasant things in life , 1st volume, issue 7, July 1922, pages 196–203. Short prose
2 1923.1 Coptic must be. In: Das Tag-Buch , 4th year, issue 8, February 24, 1923, pages 256-262. Short prose
2 1924.4 Do you need to know more? In: Das Tage-Buch , 5th year, issue 6, February 9, 1924, page 189. gloss
2 1924.5 Mary Queen of Scots. In: Das Tag-Buch , 5th volume, issue 38, September 20, 1924, pages 1341-1347. Short prose
2 1926.4 The discovery ship. In: owl , Volume 3, Issue 3, December 1926, page 70-71, online: . Poems
2 1926.5 The jungle saint. In: owl , Volume 2, Issue 11, August 1926, pages 12-13, online: . Poems
2 1927.3 Agnes Sorma. In: Julius Bab (editor): Agnes Sorma. A memorial book. Evidence of their life and their art. Heidelberg 1927, page 162. Poems
2 1933.1 The moon clock. In: Vossische Zeitung , evening edition, number 294, 296, 298, 300–302 from 21. – 26. June 1933 with the entertainment page number from 169 to 174, online: . Short prose
2 1933.2 The moon clock. In: Hermann Kesten (editor): Novellas of German contemporary poets. Amsterdam: De Lange, 1933, pp. 85–126. Short prose
2 1934.2 Three poems of time. In: The Collection. Literary onat publication , 1st year, 1934, page 237. Poems
2 1934.5 The city of Algiers. Story from: #Frank 1934.1 . In: The Collection. Literary monthly , 2nd volume, issue 2, October 1934, pages 101-105. Short prose
2 1934.6 The battle of Lepanto. Story from: #Frank 1934.1 . In: Pariser Tageblatt , Volume 2, Number 285, September 28, 1934, Page 4. Short prose
2 1935.1 Blood test. Story from: #Frank 1934.1 . In: German for Germans. Leipzig 1935, reprint: Frankfurt am Main: Zweiausendeins, 1978. Short prose
2 1936.1 The singer, your eyes are still young, Before sleep. In: A. Weiner (editor); Fritz Gross (editor): Modern German verse: an anthology. London 1936, pp. 73-74. Poems
2 1937.6 The antiquarian. Excerpt from: #Frank 1937.1 . In: Das Wort , 2nd year, issue 6, June 1937, pages 3–9. abstract
2 1937.7 Westminster Hall. Excerpt from: #Frank 1937.1 . In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 5th year, issue 12, March 20, 1937, pages 283–285. abstract
2 1937.8 Reading Cathedral. Excerpt from: #Frank 1937.1 . In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 5th year, issue 14, April 3, 1937, pages 328–331. abstract
2 1937.9 The passport. Excerpt from: #Frank 1937.1 . In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 5th year, issue 11, March 13, 1937, pages 259–261. abstract
2 1942.4 Four sleepers. Changed excerpt from #Frank 1940.2 - about Voltaire, Baudin, Hugo and Zola. In: Free Germany , Volume 1, number 12, October 15, 1942, page 25.
Literature: #Umlauf 1982 , pages 115, 119, 120.
abstract
2 1942.7 You sing your song / lonely tree / in every house. In: Structure , Volume 8, Number 36, September 4, 1942 supplement "The West Coast", page 19, online: . Poems
2 1942.8 Fascist Festival. Excerpt from: #Frank 1928.2 . In: Structure , Volume 8, Number 52, December 25, 1942 supplement "The West Coast", page 13, online: . abstract
2 1943.3 Honor your Father and your Mother. In: The Ten Commandments. Ten short novels of Hitler's war against the moral code. Edited by Armin L. Robinson with a preface by Herman Rauschning. New York: Simon & Schuster , 1943, pp. 181-225.
Literature: #umlauf 1982 , page 115.
Short prose
2 1943.4 Bruno Frank; Barbara Hallewell (translation): The suitcase. In: Klaus Mann (editor); Hermann Kesten (editor): Heart of Europe: an anthology of creative writing in Europe 1920-1940. New York 1943, pp. 692-702. Short prose
2 1943.5 Cuatro glorias de Francia. In: Antonio Castro Leal (editor): El libro negro del terror nazi en Europa: testimonios de escritores artistas de 16 naciones. Berlin: Das Arsenal, 1978, reprint of the Mexico edition, 1943, pages 180–181. - Spanish translation of #Frank 1942.4 . Essays
2 1943.7 City in ancient Galicia. Excerpt from #Frank 1943.2 . In: Free Germany , volume 2, number 2, January 1943, page 19. abstract
2 1944.2 A Hollywood in the 16th century. Excerpt from: #Frank 1934.1 . In: Structure , Volume 10, Number 33, August 18, 1944, Supplement "The West Coast", page 15, 17, online: . abstract
2 1946.1 The lady / too much waste / he must be forgotten! / Prohibited gifts / The old parrot. Anecdotes from the estate. In: Carl Seelig (editor): Stars. Anecdotal short stories from six centuries. Zurich [1946], pages 213-215. Anecdotes
3 1908.2 [Review by Maria Stona: King Eri. A song of love]. In: Das literäre Echo , Volume 10, 1907/1908, Issue 13, April 1, 1908, Column 959-960. Reviews
3 1908.4 [Review by Ernst Schur: Weltstimme]. In: Das literäre Echo , 11th year, 1908/1909, issue 1, October 1, 1908, column 76. Reviews
3 1908.5 [Review by Clotilde Brettauer: What the days brought me. A sketchbook]. In: Das literäre Echo , 11th year, 1908/1909, issue 7, January 1, 1909, column 527-528. Reviews
3 1909.3 Swiss Women's Poetry [Review by Isabelle Kaiser: Mein Herz, Clara Forrer : Neue Gedichte and Gertrud Pfauder: Helldunkel. Poems and Confessions]. In: Das literäre Echo , 11th year, 1908/1909, issue 12, March 15, 1909, column 848–851. Reviews
3 1910.4 [Review of Leaves for Art. A selection from the years 1904–1909]. In: Das literäre Echo , 12th year, 1909/1910, issue 14, April 15, 1910, column 1046-1047. Reviews
3 1910.5 [Review by John Henry Mackay: Poems]. In: Das literäre Echo , 12th year, 1909/1910, issue 21/22, August 1, 1910, column 1605. Reviews
3 1910.6 [Review by Wilhelm Münch: Strange everyday people]. In: Das literäre Echo , 13th year, 1910/1911, issue 1, October 1, 1910, column 68–69. Reviews
3 1911.3 [Review by Gustav Falke: The Selection]. In: Das literäre Echo , 13th year, 1910/1911, issue 9, February 1, 1911, column 682. Reviews
3 1911.4 [Review by Hermann Beuttenmüller (editor): Neue deutsche Gedichte]. In: Das literäre Echo , 13th year, 1910/1911, issue 11, March 1, 1911, column 833. Reviews
3 1912.3 Resume. In: #Frank 1912.2 , page 144. Autobiographical
3 1912.5 “Politics” again. [Review by Carl Dallago: Politics]. In: Der Brenner , Volume 3, Issue 5, December 1, 1912, pages 228-229. Essays
3 1912.6 Germany, France and William the Second. [Review by Fritz Friedmann: Germany, France and Kaiser Wilhelm II. A study of nations]. In: March . Semi-monthly publication for German culture , 6th year, issue 51, December 28, 1912, pages 525–526. Reviews
3 1913.2 Thomas Mann. A reflection after the “death in Venice”. In: The new Rundschau , Volume 34, Issue 5, May 1913, page 656-669, online: . Essays
3 1913.4 [Review by Frána Šrámek: Flames]. In: March . Half-monthly publication for German culture , 7th year, issue 6, February 8, 1913, pages 232–233. Reviews
3 1914.3 Modernity and commitment. In: Joachim Friedenthal (editor): Das Wedekindbuch. Munich 1914, pages 164-170. Essays
3 1914.4 [Review by Will Vesper: The Love Mass and Other Poems]. In: The griffin. Cotta'sche monthly , 1st volume, issue 7, April 1914, pages 85–87. Reviews
3 1914.5 [Review by Richard Dehmel: Beautiful wild world. New poems]. In: The griffin. Cotta'sche monthly , 1st volume, issue 10, July 1914, pages 349–351. Reviews
3 1914.6 [Review by Franz Werfel: We are. New poems]. In: The griffin. Cotta'sche monthly , 1st year, issue 12, September 1914, pages 526-527. Reviews
3 1919.4 Censorship of sentiments. In: Stuttgarter Neues Tagblatt , volume 76, number 24, January 15, 1919, evening edition, page 2. Essays
3 1919.5 From the tradition of the narrator. A foreword. In: Emma Bonn: The Lost One. Two novels. Stuttgart 1919, pages 1-5. Essays
3 1921.8 Back stairs? Back stairs! [Essay on German film]. In: The world stage , 17th year, the second half of 1921, No. 50, December 15, page 610-611, online: . Essays
3 1921.9 Kurt Martens. [Reply to Franz Blei: 360 modern German poets]. In: Das Tage-Buch , 2nd year, issue 50, December 17, 1921, pages 1567–1568. In: The day-Book , Volume 2, Issue 52, December 31, 1921, page 1647-1649, online: . Essays
3 1922.3 Sin against Balzac. In: The day-Book , Volume 3, Issue 16, April 22, 1922 page 634 to 636, online: . Essays
3 1923.2 Epilogue. In: Friedrich Hölderlin : The god of youth. Poems. Berlin [1923], pages 45-46. Essays
3 1923.3 [Review by Balder Olden: Kilimanjaro]. In: The day-Book , Volume 4, Issue 16, April 21, 1923 page 577 to 578, online: . Reviews
3 1923.4 The most beautiful letter. [Turgenev to Tolstoy, 27./28. June 1883]. In: The day-Book , Volume 4, Issue 51, December 22, 1923 Page 1746 to 1749, online: . Essays
3 1924.6 The wreath bow. [Review by Fritz Lang: Die Nibelungen (film)]. In: The day-Book , Volume 5, Issue 10, March 8, 1924 page 331 to 332, online: . Essays
3 1924.7 Rudolf Lothar. In: Rudolf Lothar : Erotic Comedies. Introduced by Bruno Frank. Leipzig [1924], pages 7–9. Essays
3 1925.1 Pack horses. [Memories from childhood]. In: owl , Volume 2, Issue 12, September 1925, page 37, online: . Autobiographical
3 1925.2 Epilogue. In: Ivan Turgenev: Fathers and Sons. Novel. German by Werner Bergengruen . With an afterword by Bruno Frank. Leipzig [1925], pages 278-288. Essays
3 1925.3 Kipling. [Review of a ten-volume edition of Rudyard Kipling's work by Paul List, Leipzig]. In: The day-Book , Volume 6, Issue 51, December 19, 1925, page 1909-1910, online: . Reviews
3 1926.6 [The best books of the year. A survey]. In: The day-Book , Volume 7, Issue 50, December 11, 1926 Page 1893, online: . Survey
3 1926.7 Klabund. In: Blätter der Städtischen Bühnen Frankfurt am Main , 1st year, issue 15/16, 1926, pages 93–94. Essays
3 1926.8 Klaus Mann: What do you work? Conversation with Bruno Frank. In: The literary world , volume 2, number 29, July 16, 1926, page 1. Autobiographical
3 1926.9 The old man who was wronged. Article in an unknown journal, mentioned in Frank 1926.8. Essays
3 1926.10 Trenck and the princess. In: Berliner Tageblatt , 55th year, No. 363, Morning Edition, August 4, 1926 Page 2. Online: . Reply to #Mamlock 1926 . Essays
3 1927.4 Memories of Tübingen. In: 450 Years of the University of Tübingen 1477–1927, publication of the Württemberger Zeitung, volume 21, number 169, July 23, 1927, page 27. Autobiographical
3 1927.5 [Review by Manfred Schneider: Hiking trips through Spain]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 8, Issue 4, January 22, 1927, pages 162-163. Reviews
3 1927.6 [Review by Oskar Maria Graf: We are prisoners]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 8, Issue 16, April 16, 1927, page 625. Reviews
3 1927.7 [Survey of the best authors for the best book of the year]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 8, Issue 49, December 3, 1927, Page 1950. Survey
3 1927.8 A letter about the new Daumier edition. In: Hans Rothe (editor): Almanach of the Paul List Verlag to the year 1928. Leipzig [1927], pages 30–31. Reviews
3 1928.1 [The problem of the death penalty]. In: Ernst Moritz Mungenast : The murderer and the state. The death penalty in the judgment of outstanding contemporaries. Stuttgart 1928, pages 68-69. Survey
3 1928.3 Sunday evening. [How we wrote our first poetry]. In: The literary world , 4th year, number 14/15, April 5, 1928, page 3. Survey
3 1928.4 [Why are your books read a lot? The riddle of popular success]. In: The literary world , volume 4, number 21/22, May 25, 1928, page 4. Survey
3 1928.5 [On the physiology of poetic creation. A questionnaire]. In: The literary world , 4th year, number 39, September 28, 1928, page 4. Survey
3 1928.6 Jacqueline and the Japanese. [Review by Heinrich Eduard Jacob: Jacqueline and the Japanese]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 9, Issue 47, November 24, 1928, pages 1995–1996. Reviews
3 1928.7 [The best authors on the best books of the year]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 9, Issue 49, December 8, 1928, Page 2100. Survey
3 1929.3 Judgment and fate. In: Obelisk-Almanach on the year 1929. Berlin [1929], pages 77-81. Essays
3 1929.4 First hint. [Review by Erich Maria Remarque: Nothing new in the west]. In: Das Tag-Buch , Volume 10, Issue 3, January 19, 1929, pages 107-108. Reviews
3 1929.5 [Books that have been treated unfairly. A survey]. In: Das Tage-Buch , Volume 10, Issue 12, March 22, 1929, page 462. Survey
3 1929.7 [Books that stayed alive]. In: The literary world , 5th volume, number 9, March 1, 1929, page 6. Survey
3 1929.8 [What was the favorite book of your boyhood? A poll]. In: The literary world , 5th year, number 26, June 28, 1929, page 3. Survey
3 1929.9 [The daily press as an experience. A question for German poets]. In: The literary world , 5th volume, number 43, October 25, 1929, page 7. Survey
3 1929.10 [Fifteen years later. A Franco-German survey]. In: The literary world , 5th volume, number 48, November 29, 1929, page 4. Survey
3 1929.11 Congratulations on S. Fischer's 70th birthday. In: The literary world , volume 5, number 51/52, December 19, 1929, page 1. Congratulations
3 1929.12 [The poet Bruno Frank against university anti-Semitism]. In: Central-Verein-Zeitung. Sheets for Germanness and Judaism , Volume 8, Number 31, August 2, 1929 page 401, online: . Talk
3 1929.13 Congratulations to Thomas Mann [on the Nobel Prize]. In: The Rotarian for Germany & Austria , Volume 1, Issue 2, 1929/1930, pages 90–90b. Congratulations
3 1930.1 Bruno Frank. [Self-portrayals of German poets]. In: Die literäre Welt , Volume 6, Number 40, October 3, 1930, Pages 1–2. Autobiographical
3 1930.4 Little autobiography. In: The literature. Monthly journal for friends of literature , Volume 32, 1929/30, pages 516-517. Autobiographical
3 1930.6 [Do you value good equipment in your books?] In: The literary world , 6th volume, number 12, March 21, 1930, page 3. Survey
3 1930.7 [Have you received productive impressions from your travels?] In: Die literäre Welt , Volume 6, Number 26, June 27, 1930, Page 3. Survey
3 1931.2 Drive through North Africa. Lecture given on April 7, 1931 at the Rotary Club in Munich. In: The Rotarian for Germany & Austria , Volume 2, Issue 6, June 1931, pp. 211–216. Autobiographical
3 1931.3 Seal from Munich. [Review by Hans Friedrich: The Metamorphoses of Sing Lo and Oskar Maria Graf: Bolwieser. Novel of a Husband]. In: Süddeutsche Sonntagspost , Volume 5, Number 38, September 20, 1931. Supplement Münchner Sonntags-Anzeiger , page 6. Reviews
3 1931.4 [The best books of the year]. In: Das Tage-Buch , Volume 12, Issue 51, December 19, 1931, page 1978. Survey
3 1932.2 Some remarks about today's theater. Lecture. held on February 23, 1932 at the Rotary Club in Munich. In: The Rotarian for Germany & Austria , Volume 3, Issue 10, October 1932, pages 331–335. Essays
3 1932.3 [The most beautiful situation in my books]. In: Die literäre Welt , Volume 8, Number 27, July 1, 1932, Page 3. Survey
3 1932.4 The train to Munich. [Munich as a place of work and living environment]. In: The cross-section , Volume 12, Issue 9, September 1932, pages 636 to 637, online: . Survey
3 1933.3 The community of intellectual workers in Germany. In: The literary world , volume 9, number 11/12, March 17, 1933, page 3. Survey
3 1933.4 To Thomas Mann's new work. [Review by Thomas Mann: The stories of Jacob]. In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 1st volume, issue 21, November 18, 1933, pages 503–504. Reviews
3 1934.3 Lion Feuchtwanger fifty years, July 7, 1934. In: The collection. Literary monthly , 1st volume, issue 11, July 1934, pages 567-568. Congratulations
3 1935.2 Polgar. [On Alfred Polgar's 60th birthday]. In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 3rd volume, issue 41, October 12, 1935, pages 978–979. Essays
3 1936.2 Symphony Pathétique. [Review by Klaus Mann: Symphonie Pathétique]. In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , 4th volume, issue 13, March 28, 1936, page 309. Reviews
3 1936.3 [On the third anniversary of the book burning]. In: Pariser Tageblatt , Volume 4, Number 887, Sunday Supplement, May 17, 1936, page 3. Essays
3 1936.4 Bruno Frank only 49th [answer to Klaus Mann's erroneous congratulations on Frank's 50th birthday]. In: Paris daily newspaper , 1st volume, number 10, Sunday supplement, June 21, 1936, page 3. Essays
3 1937.4 Little autobiography. In: #Frank 1937.3 , pages 241-243. Autobiographical
3 1937.5 [Self Biobibliography]. In: Das Wort , 2nd year, issue 4/5, April / May 1937, pages 164-165. Autobiographical
3 1938.1 [Excerpt from a self-presentation] . In: # Günther 1957 , page 93. Autobiographical
3 1938.2 [Duhamel and Goebbels. A survey]. In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , Volume 6, Issue 34, August 20, 1938, Page 803. Survey
3 1938.3 Reinhardt in Hollywood. In: Das Neue Tage-Buch , Volume 6, Issue 36, September 3, 1938, Pages 858–859. Essays
3 1939.2 Something like that shouldn't happen! [Letter about the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom literary competition]. In: Neue Volkszeitung: oldest Anti-Nazi newspaper , 8th volume, number 51, 23 December 1939, page 7. Letters
3 1940.3 A correction and an answer. [Letters from Prince Hubertus zu Löwenstein and Bruno Frank about the literary competition of the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom]. In: Neue Volkszeitung: oldest Anti-Nazi newspaper , 9th volume, number 7, February 17, 1940, page 7. Letters
3 1940.4 Congratulations letter [Thomas Mann on his 65th birthday]. In: Neue Volkszeitung, Volume 9, Number 22, June 1, 1940, Page 5. Congratulations
3 1940.5 Jews must preserve the German language. In: Structure , Volume 6, Number 52, December 27, 1940 page 9, online: .
Literature: #Sease 1976 , pages 360-361.
Essays
3 1941.1 [About the "structure"]. In: Structure , Volume 7, Number 22, May 30, 1941 page 24, online: . Essays
3 1942.1 Thomas Mann ; Giuseppe Antonio Borgese ; Albert Einstein ; Bruno Frank; Carlo Sforza ; Arturo Toscanini and Bruno Walter : [Telegram to President Theodore Roosevelt ] . Pacific Palisades 1942. Letters
3 1942.2 The Very Friends of the American People. Revised Statement before the congressional committee for investigation of defense migration (Tolan Committee) on March 7, 1942, at Los Angeles, Calif. In: Structure , Volume 8, Number 12, March 20, 1942 supplement "The West Coast", page 17 and 19, online: .
Literature: #Sease 1976 , pages 358-359, #Umlauf 1982 , pages 118-119.
Talk
3 1942.3 [Debate on the "Free Germany" movement]. In: Free Germany , volume 1, number 7, May 15, 1942, page 5. Survey
3 1942.6 Stefan Zweig in memory. In: Structure , Volume 8, Number 9, February 27, 1942 page 15, online: . Survey
3 1943.6 Hope for the future. [On Leopold Jessner's 65th birthday]. In: Structure , Volume 9, Number 10, March 5, 1943 supplement "The West Coast", page 13, online: . Congratulations
3 1944.1 [The 10th Anniversary of "Construction". The Mission of "Building"]. In: Structure , Volume 10, Number 52, December 29, 1944 page 24, online: . Congratulations
3 1945.1 Tears and serenity. [On Egon Erwin Kisch's 60th birthday]. In: Free Germany , Volume 4, Number 6, May 1945, page 19. Congratulations

Short prose (list)

Bruno Frank wrote 43 novellas and short stories. They were mostly published in anthologies and / or as articles in magazines and newspapers.

Column legend and sorting 
Legend
year Year of the first appearance of a novel or story.
First edition Link to the title of the anthology in which a novella or story first appeared, for example: #Frank 1906.1 .
Imprint
  • Link to the title of a work in which a novella or short story was printed, for example: #Frank 1910.1 .
  • Jugend 1914 = imprint in "Jugend" 1914.
Sorting
  • Sort a column: Sort both small.svgclick the symbol in the column header.
  • Sort by another column: Hold down the Shift key and Sort both small.svgclick the symbol .
year plant First
edition
Imprint
1906 In the dark room. Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 18, 27–29, 398. #Frank 1906.1
1908 The pride of the private lecturer Kaiser . #Frank 1908.1
1909 Mr. Komerell and the parrot. Other title: → The Parrot (1911). #Frank 1909.2
1910 The stroke of luck . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , pages 384-385, 387, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 46-47,
#Schaffner 1911 , page 1768.
#Frank 1911.1 #Frank 1910.1
1910 The mother of an entire city . Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 414, #Kirchner 2009 , page 46,
#Schaffner 1911 , page 1768.
#Frank 1911.1 #Frank 1910.2
1910 Pantomime . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , pages 384-385, 387, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 44-46, 388. #Frank 1911.1 #Frank 1910.3
1911 The parrot . Other title: Mr. Komerell and the Parrot (1909).
Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 414, #Kirchner 2009 , page 388.
#Frank 1911.1
1911 An adventure in Venice . Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 130, #Bab 1918 , page 413,
#Paul 1982.1 , page 384, #Schaffner 1911 , page 1768.
#Frank 1911.1
1911 Evil . #Frank 1911.1
1911 The melody . Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 413, #Paul 1982.1 , page 384-385,
#Kirchner 2009 , page 387.
#Frank 1911.1
1914 Kuxe ... Kuxe ... Other title: → Das Goldbergwerk (1916). #Frank 1914.9
1914 The heaven of the disappointed . Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 414,
#Kirchner 2009 , page 83-84, 91, 387, 390.
#Frank 1916.1 Youth 1914
1914 Mrs. Ethel Redgrave . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 389, # Großmann 1921 . #Frank 1920.1 #Frank 1914.10
1914 Passions . Literature: # Bab 1918 , page 414, # Kirchner 2009 , page 390,
# Umlauf 1982 , page 107-108.
#Frank 1916.1
1914 Ah, le misérable! #Frank 1914.1
1914 PQ, the critic . #Frank 1914.2
1916 The gold mine . Other title: Kuxe ... Kuxe ... (1914).
Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 387, #Kirchner 2009 , page 389.
#Frank 1916.1
1916 The shadow . Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 414. #Frank 1916.1
1916 The marshal . Literature: # Müller 1994 , pages 8-11. #Frank 1916.1
1916 La Buena Sombra . Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 414, #Paul 1982.1 , page 386. #Frank 1916.1
1916 Brother-in-law Kronos . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 390. #Frank 1920.1 #Frank 1916.1
1920 The groom . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 387. #Frank 1920.1
1921 Bigram . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 108, 112-113, 126, 357, 358, 387, 396,
#Paul 1982.1 , pages 387-388.
#Frank 1921.1
1921 The hair . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 391. #Frank 1921.1
1921 The golden one . #Frank 1937.2 #Frank 1921.3
1921 The deed . #Frank 1921.1
1921 The unknown . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 388. #Frank 1921.1
1921 The emperor . #Frank 1921.5
1922 Conversation on the arbor . #Frank 1922.2
1923 Coptic must be . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 388. #Frank 1926.1 #Frank 1923.1
1924 Mary Queen of Scots. Other title: → The Englishman (1927). #Frank 1924.5
1924 Elevated ride . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 387. #Frank 1924.1
1924 Days of the king . #Frank 1924.3
1927 A concert . #Frank 1927.1
1927 The Englishman . Other title: Mary Queen of Scots (1924).
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 391.
#Frank 1927.1
1928 Political novella . #Frank 1928.2
1929 The magician . #Frank 1929.1
1933 The moon clock . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 218, 220-224, 387, 393,
#Umlauf 1982 , page 112.
#Frank 1937.2 #Frank 1933.1
1934 The city of Algiers. Story from: #Frank 1934.1 . #Frank 1934.5
1934 Blood test . Story from: #Frank 1934.1 . #Frank 1935.1
1940 Sixteen thousand francs . Literature: #Paul 1982.1 , page 387, 391,
#Kirchner 2009 , page 290-294, 301, 312, 394.
#Frank 1940.2
1943 Honor your Father and your Mother . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 328,
#Paul 1982.1 , page 383, 392-393.
#Frank 1943.3
1943 The suitcase . #Frank 1943.4
1945 Chamfort tells his death . Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 340–341, 245, 331, 332,
#Landshoff 2001 , page 352, #Umlauf 1982 , pages 122–123.
#Frank 1957.1

Poems (list)

Bruno Frank wrote about 300 poems, mainly between 1904 and 1919. After 1919 only a few new poems were written. The poems were mostly published in collections and / or as articles in magazines and newspapers.

Column legend and sorting 
Legend
year Year of the first publication of a poem.
output Link to the collection of poems or the contribution with the poem, for example: #Frank 1905.1 .
title Some poems appeared under different titles. They are indicated separated by a slash.
Imprint
  • Link to the title of a work in which a poem was printed, for example: #Frank 1927.3 .
  • Simpl 1908 = printed in "Simplisissimus" 1908.
  • Brenner 1911 = Imprint in "Der Brenner" 1911.
Sorting
  • Sort a column: Sort both small.svgclick the symbol in the column header.
  • Sort by another column: Hold down the Shift key and Sort both small.svgclick the symbol .
year title output Imprint
1919 1919 / The singer / Three poems of time / You sing your song. #Frank 1919.1
1905 Evening course. #Frank 1905.1
1907 Descent. #Frank 1907.1
1907 Oh, when you were young ... #Frank 1907.1
1927 Agnes Sorma. #Frank 1927.3
1905 Alone. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 25. #Frank 1905.1
1912 To be alone. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Everything is changed. #Frank 1912.1
1905 As a child. #Frank 1905.1
1919 When she came to me / The sad lord speaks / A sad lord says: #Frank 1919.1
1907 Old books. #Frank 1907.1
1905 Old people. - Literature: #Hesse 1907 . #Frank 1905.1
1907 Old park. #Frank 1907.1
1905 At the window. #Frank 1905.1
1912 On the Mediterranean Sea. #Frank 1912.1
1937 To the master craftsmen. - Literature: #Kahn 1945.3 . #Frank 1937.2
1915 To the slanderer. #Frank 1915.2
1912 To a practical one. #Frank 1912.1
1907 To certain. #Frank 1907.1
1912 To certain. #Frank 1912.1
1912 To many. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Other kicks / leis and loud. #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1905 Also one. - Literature: #Hesse 1907 . #Frank 1905.1
1907 I also saw once ... #Frank 1907.1
1905 On the mountain top. #Frank 1905.1
1912 On a tape Jean Paul . #Frank 1912.1
1912 To a living poet. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 59. #Frank 1912.1
1907 To an honored artist. #Frank 1907.1
1912 For every leaf tremor. #Frank 1912.1
1905 From the depths. - Literature: #Gregori 1905 . #Frank 1905.1
1912 Rest. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Soon. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Balzac. #Frank 1912.1
1912 At Tolstoy's death. #Frank 1912.1
1905 With the beloved. #Frank 1905.1
1914 Ticket at noon. - Literature: The golden one . #Frank 1919.1 Simpl 1914
1915 Bismarck. #Frank 1915.3
1912 Evil hour. #Frank 1912.1
1909 Carmen / Carmen (1912). Simpl 1909
1912 Carmen / Carmen (1909). #Frank 1912.1
1919 Conversation on a March night. #Frank 1919.1
1926 The discovery ship. #Frank 1926.4
1915 The feast in the fire. Extract from: Bismarck. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 72–73. Simpl 1915
1912 The vial. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The poem. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The golden rope. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The tomb. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1919 This is the grief / This is the grief of watchful time. #Frank 1919.1
1912 This is the grief of watchful time / This is the grief.
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53.
#Frank 1912.1
1912 The clothes book. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 52. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The pain. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The bad weather / the optimist. #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1912 The haunted house. #Frank 1912.1
1919 The imperishable. #Frank 1919.1
1907 The serious. #Frank 1907.1
1905 The liberated. → Figure . #Frank 1905.1
1908 The sad lord speaks / when she came to me / a sad lord speaks. #Frank 1912.1 Simpl 1908
1912 The letter. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The choir. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The grateful one. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The poet says: / A poet says:
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53.
#Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1912 The strange breath / The breath. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The scared one. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The enjoyer. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The blessed one. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1911 The Happiest (1911). Simpl 1911
1912 The Happiest (1912). #Frank 1912.1
1907 The kind / the mirror. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The hammer blow. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The breath / the strange breath. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1912 The chamberlain. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1907 The reader. #Frank 1907.1
1914 The guide. Simpl 1914
1912 The coat. #Frank 1912.1
1914 The new fame. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 68-69. #Frank 1915.2 Simpl 1914
1912 The optimist / the bad weather. #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1936 The singer / 1919 / Three poems of time / You sing your song. #Frank 1936.1
1937 The shepherd. #Frank 1937.2
1919 The mirror. See: The Kind. #Frank 1919.1
1907 The stone. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The dying man at the window. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The dispute. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The impatient one. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The difference. #Frank 1912.1
1926 The jungle saint. #Frank 1926.5
1912 The contemptible / three poems of time / in the morning light. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1907 The traitor. #Frank 1907.1
1905 The disturbed one. #Frank 1905.1
1905 The Wanderer. #Frank 1905.1
1912 The way. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The meadow path. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The knower. #Frank 1907.1
1905 The aeolian harp. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 6. #Frank 1905.1
1912 The poorest. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The praying woman. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The castles / three poems of time. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1913 The grateful / song of the boys. Simpl 1913
1905 The lonely one. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Appearance. Excerpt from: Requiem (punch 1). Simpl 1912
1912 The eternal lights. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1907 The solemn ones. #Frank 1907.1
1912 But the windows / you. Simpl 1912
1905 The joy. #Frank 1905.1
1907 The happy crowd. - Literature: 1928.3 . #Frank 1907.1
1905 The Holy. #Frank 1905.1
1912 The secret currents. #Frank 1912.1
1916 You who die a hard death. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1916
1919 The years with shimmering feet / wine press. #Frank 1919.1
1912 The mother. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The night and you #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1912 The near dreams. #Frank 1912.1
1912 The pearls / Un lost. Brenner 1912
1907 The riddles. #Frank 1907.1
1907 The rider. #Frank 1907.1
1912 The shadows of things. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The sleepers. #Frank 1907.1
1905 The blessing hands. #Frank 1905.1
1905 The stars. #Frank 1905.1
1912 The deception. #Frank 1912.1
1907 The forgotten. #Frank 1907.1
1916 The waiting / Sun on Sun brightens you up. #Frank 1916.3
1912 The water. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1905 The time. #Frank 1905.1
1916 Where death is closest. #Frank 1919.1 Simpl 1916
1916 Three summers were. #Frank 1916.3
1934 Three poems of time / The contemptible / The castles / 1919 / The singer / You sing your song. #Frank 1934.2
1916 But you / the windows. #Frank 1916.3
1912 You don't know yourself #Frank 1912.1
1937 You sing your song / 1919 / The singer / Three poems of time. #Frank 1937.2 #Frank 1942.7
1907 You don't hesitate often ... #Frank 1907.1
1912 Another thing / an approximate / curtained mirror / verse. #Frank 1912.1
1912 A sad gentleman said: / When she was still coming to me / The sad gentleman spoke. #Frank 1912.1
1912 A poet says: / The poet says:
Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53.
#Frank 1912.1
1912 A dark eagle. #Frank 1912.1
1912 An approximate / another thing / hung mirrors / verses.
Reprint: #Frank 1909.1 , page 218.
#Frank 1912.1
1905 A friend. #Frank 1905.1
1912 A genius. - Literature: #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 127. #Frank 1912.1
1913 Contemplation. Excerpt from: Requiem (Stanze 24–26). Simpl 1913
1937 Lonely tree. #Frank 1937.2 #Frank 1942.7
1907 Fall asleep. #Frank 1907.1
1907 Insight. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Insight. #Frank 1912.1
1915 Once. Simpl 1915
1912 Iron around the chest. #Frank 1912.1
1908 The End. Simpl 1908
1912 Result. - Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 415. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Memory. #Frank 1905.1
1907 Experience. - Literature: #Hornbogen 1999 , page 349, #Klaus 1908 . #Frank 1907.1
1912 Replacement. #Frank 1912.1
1912 It's time. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Eternal journey. #Frank 1905.1
1905 Ceremony. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Far from you Simpl 1912
1912 Fever night. #Frank 1912.1 Brenner 1912
1905 Escape. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 25. #Frank 1905.1 Simpl 1912
1912 The way is clear. #Frank 1912.1
1914 Strange breath. Simpl 1914
1907 Joyful nights. #Frank 1907.1
1907 Friends talked. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Early evening. #Frank 1912.1
1907 For a friend. #Frank 1907.1
1912 For his actions. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Sons of princes. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Gear. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Memory / saying. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 52. #Frank 1912.1
1915 Singing from the depths. #Frank 1915.2 Simpl 1915
1915 Gift of the armies. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1915
1915 Certainty. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 71. #Frank 1915.2 #Frank 1915.4
1919 Golden bridge. #Frank 1919.1
1905 Grabbe. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Greatness is gentle. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Great hour. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 32. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Big city winter. #Frank 1912.1
1912 My friends estate. #Frank 1912.1
1916 Homecoming. #Frank 1916.3
1909 Heroes. #Frank 1919.1 Simpl 1909
#Frank 1912.8
1913 Mr. Campbell. #Frank 1913.3
1905 Today. #Frank 1905.1
1907 Not today. #Frank 1907.1
1916 Hope. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 73-74. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1916
1905 Holderlin. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 25. #Frank 1905.1
1912 But not me. #Frank 1912.1
1912 I poor vehicle. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 53. #Frank 1912.1
1916 I love the old earth. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 74. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1916
1941 I should be. #Herbertz 2009
1909 Illusions. Simpl 1909
1913 The next year. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1913
1905 In the dark room. #Frank 1905.1
1915 In the ice of the Carpathians. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 73. Simpl 1915
1912 In the morning light / the contemptible / three poems of time. #Frank 1912.1
1907 In the seminar. #Frank 1907.1
1905 In the town. #Frank 1905.1
1905 In the stream. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 26. #Frank 1905.1
1907 In the south. #Frank 1907.1
1905 In passing. #Frank 1905.1
1919 In the forest / in the forest. #Frank 1919.1
1912 In the forest / in the forest. #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1937 In every home. - Literature: #Hofe 1984.1 , page 476. #Frank 1937.2 #Frank 1942.7
1905 In the twilight. #Frank 1905.1
1916 Your look is still young. #Frank 1916.3 #Frank 1916.5
1916 Young animals stand in the forest / Summer 1916. #Frank 1916.3
1916 June day. #Frank 1916.3
1905 Kant. #Frank 1905.1
1914 Carnival in the south. → Figure . #Frank 1919.1 Simpl 1914
1912 No consolation. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 50. #Frank 1912.1
1916 No wisdom weighs you. #Frank 1916.3
1916 Wine press / The years with shimmering feet. #Frank 1916.3
1911 Kleist. Simpl 1911
1912 Kleist. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Ambulance. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Easy escape. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Recklessness. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Soft and loud / Other kicks. #Frank 1912.1 #Frank 1912.8
1907 Light. #Frank 1907.1
1937 Song of the Boys / The Grateful. #Frank 1937.2
1914 Song of the Optimists. #Frank 1919.1 #Frank 1914.8
1919 Might be. #Frank 1919.1
1905 Warning. #Frank 1905.1
1912 March. - Literature: #Dieterle 1945 . #Frank 1912.1 Simpl 1914
1905 Memento. #Frank 1905.1
1915 Michael. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 71. #Frank 1915.2
1915 After the fall of Warsaw. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 73. Simpl 1915
1905 Night. #Frank 1905.1
1907 Night camp. #Frank 1907.1
1911 Nightly alpine post. Brenner 1911
1912 Nightly alpine post. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Night lamp. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 32. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Night city. #Frank 1912.1
1914 Night watch. #Frank 1916.3 #Frank 1914.7
1912 Fog in the depths. #Frank 1912.1
1917 New Hope. → Figure . Simpl 1917
1912 Nobody knows. #Frank 1912.1
1916 Nor who hates them. #Frank 1916.3
1916 O Russian Empire ... Simpl 1916
1911 Often on mild summer nights #Frank 1911.1
1912 Without a trace. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Without weapons. #Frank 1912.1 Simpl 1912
1912 October. #Frank 1912.1
1915 East Prussia. → Figure . Simpl 1915
1913 Pas de l'ours. Simpl 1913
1919 Dolls. #Frank 1919.1
1905 Quick acquaintance. #Frank 1905.1
1905 Advice. #Frank 1905.1
1913 Requiem (excerpt). → Figure . Simpl 1913
1913 Requiem . #Frank 1913.1
1905 Ride. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Rivals. Simpl 1912
1916 Return. Simpl 1916
1907 Return journey. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Ruin. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Russian ballet. Simpl 1912
1916 Sang at night. #Frank 1916.3
1907 Shadow. #Frank 1907.1
1914 Nice winter. → Figure . #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1914
1905 Schopenhauer. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Schopenhauer. #Frank 1912.1
1937 Happy summer. #Frank 1937.2
1916 Shakespeare. Simpl 1916
1905 Shakespeare's joke. #Frank 1905.1
1915 They don't see you Simpl 1915
1907 She gives way. #Frank 1907.1
1916 Summer 1916 / Young animals stand in the forest. #Frank 1919.1 #Frank 1916.6
1913 Sun on sun brightens up / The waiting. → Figure . #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1913
1905 Late. #Frank 1905.1
1912 Late at night. #Frank 1912.1
1912 Saying / memory. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 52. #Frank 1912.1 Simpl 1912
1907 Starnberger Lake. #Frank 1907.1
1907 Silence. - Literature: #Klaus 1908 . #Frank 1907.1
1905 Silent journey. #Frank 1905.1
1915 Proud time. - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 70-71. #Frank 1915.2 #Frank 1915.5
1915 Stanzas in war . #Frank 1915.2
1908 Scene. Simpl 1908
1912 Groping desires uncertain torment. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Free / Free (1911) / Waiver. #Frank 1905.1
1911 Free / Free (1905) / Waiver. #Frank 1911.1
1912 And some I see. #Frank 1912.1
1907 And some love ... #Frank 1907.1
1907 Inescapable. #Frank 1907.1
1916 Restlessness. #Frank 1916.3
1907 Uncertainty. #Frank 1907.1
1912 Untouched / The pearls. #Frank 1912.1
1905 Unnoticed. #Frank 1905.1
1905 Solitary. #Frank 1905.1
1916 Past day. #Frank 1916.3
1912 Curtained mirrors / Another thing / An approximately / Verse. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Tangles. #Frank 1907.1
1908 Verses / Another Thing / An Approximately / Covered Mirror. Simpl 1908
1912 Amazement. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Waiver / Free (1905) / Free (1911). - Literature: #Kirchner 2009 , page 31. #Frank 1907.1
1912 From the gallery. Simpl 1912
1913 Before evening. Excerpt from: Requiem (Stanze 4–5). Simpl 1913
1912 Before going to sleep / before going to sleep. #Frank 1912.1
1919 Before going to sleep / before going to sleep. #Frank 1919.1
1916 Before the harvest. → Figure . Simpl 1916
1905 Before an old portrait. - Literature: #Kapp 1946 . #Frank 1905.1
1912 In front of a bare wall. #Frank 1919.1 #Frank 1912.8
1914 Early summer day. → Figure . Simpl 1914
1912 Growing beach. #Frank 1912.1
1907 Hike. #Frank 1907.1
1907 Changes. #Frank 1907.1
1914 When? #Frank 1919.1 Simpl 1914
1905 Journeymen. - Literature: #Klaus 1908 . #Frank 1905.1
1919 Christmas 1912. #Frank 1919.1
1907 When your ghosts ... #Frank 1907.1
1916 Another spring. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1916
1912 Winter night. #Frank 1912.7
1912 Winter silence. #Frank 1912.1
1915 We hated the war. #Frank 1915.2
1915 We will win. #Frank 1915.2
1916 It was nice. - Literature: #Bab 1918 , page 415, #Kirchner 2009 , page 74. #Frank 1916.3 Simpl 1916
1915 Zeppelin over London. Simpl 1915
1907 At home. #Frank 1907.1
1937 Too long. Different version: Your gaze hung too long ... #Frank 1937.1
1907 Your gaze hung too long ... Different version: Too long. #Frank 1907.1 #Frank 1906.1
1912 September 14th. #Frank 1912.4
1905 Twilight. #Frank 1905.1
1905 Between the days. #Frank 1905.1
1905 Between the gates. - Literature: #Klaus 1908 . #Frank 1905.1

Translations

The table contains translations of French and English stage plays (exception: #Hugo 1924 ). In #Mann 1943 it says: "He has adapted about fifty plays written in foreign languages ​​for the German stage", 15 of which are included in the table.

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O / B
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author German title / publisher year O / B Original title year swell
Marcel Achard Help! : Comedy in three acts. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag. 1929 Ü
Marcel Achard Life is Beautiful. An optimistic comedy in three acts. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag. 1931 Ü La vie est belle. 1930 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395.
Georges Berr , Louis Verneuil Beverly. Play in four acts. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag. 1921 Ü Monsieur Beverly. 1917 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395.
André Birabeau, Jean Guitton Found a naked girl. [1924–1926] Ü On a trouvé une femme nue. 1924 #Siedhoff 1985 , number 606.
Noël Coward Intimacies. Comedy in three acts. 1930 Ü Private Lives, an intimate comedy in three acts. 1929 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395, #Siedhoff 1985 , number 777.
Henri Duvernois , André Birabeau Marcel Fradelin. Play in four acts. Berlin: Alberti Verlag. 1928 Ü L'Eunuque. 1927 #Huesmann 1983 , number 1872, #Kirchner 2009 , page 395.
St. John Ervine The first Mrs. Selby. Comedy in three acts. 1929 Ü The first Mrs. Fraser. A comedy in three acts. 1929 #Kirchner 2009 , page 192, #Stern 2000 , page 249, 368.
Sacha Guitry We want to dream. Comedy in four acts. 1934 Ü Faisons un rêve, comédie en quatre actes. 1916 #Huesmann 1983 , number 2285, #Kirchner 2009 , page 229.
Victor Hugo Balzac's death. In: Das Tag -Buch , 5th year, issue 13, March 29, 1924, pages 420-424. 1924 Ü #Kirchner 2009 , page 395.
Charles Méré The dive bar. Drama in one act. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag. 1921 Ü Une nuit au bouge. 1919
Marcel Pagnol To the golden anchor. Comedy in four acts. Munich: Drei Masken Verlag. 1929 B. Marius. 1929 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395, #Siedhoff 1985 , number 783.
Marcel Pagnol Fanny. Comedy in four acts. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag. 1932 B. Fanny. 1931 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395, #Siedhoff 1985 , number 835.
Pierre Veber, Maurice Hennequin Timothy red-handed. Waver in three acts. 1922 Ü Timothée en flagrant délit (?) #Huesmann 1983 , number 1353, #Kirchner 2009 , page 358, footnote 31.
Pierre Veber, Maurice Hennequin The bar on Montmartre. Comedy in three acts. Berlin: Arcadia Verlag. 1924 Ü Le monsieur de cinq heures, pièce en trois actes. 1924 #Kirchner 2009 , page 395.
Louis Verneuil Lie of life. Play in four acts. 1935 B. Le mari que j'ai voulu. 1934 # Huesmann 1983 , number 2316, #Kirchner 2009 , page 248, # Mann diaries 1935-1936 , page 83.
Louis Verneuil Carousel. Comedy in three acts. 1920 Ü L'amant de coeur, comédie en trois actes. 1921 #Huesmann 1983 , number 1728, #Siedhoff 1985 , number 464.
Oscar Wilde An ideal husband. Play in 4 acts. 1930 Ü To Ideal Husband. 1895 #Kirchner 2009 , page 192.

Scripts

Bruno Frank was one of several scriptwriters for the films listed here. In some cases, Bruno Frank is not named as a scriptwriter in the opening and closing credits (“uncredited”).

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year Movie title genus country Director
1932 Peter Voss, the millionaire thief .
#Circulation 1982 , page 117.
motion pictures Germany Ewald André Dupont
1935 Heart's Desire.
#Kirchner 2009 , page 248, #Umlauf 1982 , page 117.
motion pictures Great Britain Paul L. Stein
1936 Sutter's gold.
#Moeller 1976 , page 702.
motion pictures United States James Cruze
1938 Marie-Antoinette .
Internet Movie Database .
motion pictures United States WS Van Dyke
1939 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (The Hunchback of Notre Dame) .
#Kirchner 2009 , pages 287–288, #Umlauf 1982 , page 118.
motion pictures United States William Dieterle
1940 Northwest Passage . motion pictures United States King Vidor
1943 Madame Curie .
#Kirchner 2009 , pages 282–283, #Moeller 1976 , pages 681, 682,
#Umlauf 1982 , page 118.
motion pictures United States Mervyn LeRoy
1945 A Royal Scandal .
#Kirchner 2009 , page 332, #Umlauf 1982 , page 118.
motion pictures United States Ernst Lubitsch
Otto Preminger

Work processing

Film adaptations

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year Work title Movie title genus Country / Sender Director
1931 Pearl comedy. Two kinds of morals, also: Frau Wera's black pearls.
Internet Movie Database .
motion pictures Germany Gerhard Lamprecht.
1931 Storm in a glass of water. The flower woman from Lindenau.
Internet Movie Database .
motion pictures Austria Georg Jacoby.
1932 Trenck. Trenck - The novel of a great love .
Internet Movie Database .
motion pictures Germany Ernst Neubach, Heinz Paul.
1937 Storm in a glass of water. Storm in a teacup.
Internet Movie Database , online: .
motion pictures Great Britain Victor Saville, Ian Dalrymple.
1950 Twelve thousand. Twelve Thousand.
Internet Movie Database .
TV movie Great Britain unknown
1956 Twelve thousand. Twelve thousand.
Internet Movie Database .
TV movie Bavarian
television
Fritz Umgelter.
1960 Storm in a glass of water. Storm in a glass of water motion pictures Federal Republic of
Germany
Josef von Báky.
1966 Pearl comedy. Pearl comedy.
Internet Movie Database .
TV movie Bavarian
television
Fritz Umgelter.
1967 Cervantes. Cervantes - The King's Adventurer . motion pictures Spain
France
Italy
Vincent Sherman.
1969 Storm in a glass of water. Storm in a glass of water.
Internet Movie Database .
TV movie Bavarian
television
Theodor Graedler.
1986 Storm in a glass of water. Storm in a glass of water.
Internet Movie Database .
TV movie ZDF Jürgen Wölffer.
1989 Storm in a glass of water. Storm in a glass of water.
Bavarian television .
TV movie Bavarian
television
Rudiger Graf.

Radio plays

  • On the 400th anniversary of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra's death on April 22nd [2016], Bruno Frank: Cervantes, radio play, speaker: Ulrich Noethen , director: Thomas Fritz , production: MDR 2016, first broadcast: April 7th - May 4th, 2016, 20 episodes.

Memberships

  • 1918, Political Council of Intellectual Workers, Munich.
  • 1927–1933, Protection Association of German Writers (SDS), second chairman of the Gau Bavaria.
  • 1929–1933, Rotary Club Munich, founding member, expelled on April 4, 1933.
  • from 1934, German PEN in exile, founding member.
  • from 1934 member of the Advisory Board of the magazine “ Aufbau ”.
  • 1938–1939, European Council of the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom .
  • from 1938, European Film Fund (RFF), founding member, Liesl Frank was Secretary General.
  • from 1939, German-American Writers Association, Vice President for the West Coast, dissolution July 1940.
  • from 1939, German Jewish Club , New York, member of the artistic advisory board.
  • from 1942, Jewish Club of 1933 , Los Angeles, honorary member.

literature

  • Sascha Kirchner: The citizen as an artist. Bruno Frank (1887–1945) - life and work. Düsseldorf: Grupello , 2009, ISBN 978-3-89978-095-6 , digitized up to page 37 . - Kirchner's extensive biography presents the life and work of Bruno Frank in context, so that a vivid picture of his human and artistic development emerges for the reader. The most important works are commented on and interpreted in detail.

Lexicons

  • Erwin H. Ackerknecht:  Frank, Bruno Sebald. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 339 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Helmut Bender; Klaus-Peter Wilke: Frank, Bruno (Sebald). In: Wilhelm Kosch (founder): German Literature Lexicon. Biographical-bibliographical manual, volume 5: Filek – Fux. Bern 1978, column 428-430.
  • Silvio D'Amico (founder): Enciclopedia dello spettacolo, Volume 5: Fan - Guard. Rome 1958, columns 679-680.
  • Anke Hees: Frank, Bruno (Sebald). In: Wilhelm Kosch (founder); Lutz Hagestedt (editor): German Literature Lexicon. The 20th century. Biographical-Bibliographical Handbook, Volume 9. Fischer-Abendroth – Fries. Zurich 2006, columns 276–279.
  • Frank, Bruno. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 7: Feis – Frey. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-598-22687-X , pp. 250-268.
  • Frank, Bruno. In: Andreas B. Kilcher (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon of German-Jewish Literature. Jewish authors in the German language from the Enlightenment to the present. 2nd, updated and expanded edition. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2012, ISBN 978-3-476-02457-2 , pages 140-141.
  • Wilhelm Kosch (founder); Ingrid Bigler-Marschall (continued): Deutsches Theater-Lexikon: biographical and bibliographical manual. Volume 1. A - Hurk. Klagenfurt 1953, page 475.
  • Franz Lennartz : German poets and writers of our time: individual presentations on beautiful literature in German. Stuttgart 1959, pages 208-210.
  • Biographical and bibliographical sketches. Bruno Frank. In: Klaus Mann (editor); Hermann Kesten (editor): Heart of Europe: an anthology of creative writing in Europe 1920 - 1940. New York 1943, page 942.
  • Werner Röder (editor): Biographical handbook of German-speaking emigration after 1933, Volume 2: AK. Munich 1983, pages 316-317.
  • Irene Ruttmann : Frank, Bruno. In: Hermann Kunisch (editor): Handbuch der Deutschen Gegenwartsliteratur, Volume 1: A - K. Munich 1969, pages 210–211.
  • Robert Volz: Reichs Handbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft: the handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 1. A - K. Berlin 1930, page 468.

life and work

  • Julius Bab : Bruno Frank. In: Die Weltbühne , volume 14, first half of 1918, number 18, May 2, pages 412–416.
  • Reinhold Grimm: Bruno Frank, gentleman writer. In: Karl S. Weimar (editor): Views and reviews of modern German literature: Festschrift for Adolf D. Klarmann. Munich 1974, pages 121-132.
  • Reinhold Grimm: Bruno Frank, gentleman writer. In: Karl S. Weimar (editor): Views and reviews of modern German literature: Festschrift for Adolf D. Klarmann. Munich 1974, pages 121-132.
  • Herbert Günther : Bruno Frank. In: The literature: monthly for friends of literature Volume 32, 1929/1930, page 511-516.
  • Herbert Günther : Memories of Bruno Frank. In: Welt und Wort: literary monthly magazine , 1st year, issue 5, 1946, pages 134-136.
  • Herbert Günther : Revolving stage of the time. Friendships, encounters, fates. Hamburg 1957, especially pages 85–95.
  • Eva-Maria Herbertz: "A three hundred page love letter ...". Elisabeth Maria Karl "Liesl" Frank (1903–1979). In: Life in its shadow: women of famous artists. Munich 2009, pages 136–160, preview .
  • Helmut Hornbogen: Bruno Frank. Am Stadtgraben 31, Brunsstrasse 14. In: Tübingen poet houses. Literary stories from Swabia. A guide. Tübingen 1999, pages 346-353, 504.
  • Albrecht Joseph: Portraits I. Carl Zuckmayer - Bruno Frank. Aachen 1993, pages 245-313.
  • Sascha Kirchner: “How happy I am to be your contemporary.” Thomas Mann and Bruno Frank - a friendship for life. In: Miriam Albracht (editor): Düsseldorf contributions to Thomas Mann research, volume 1. Düsseldorf 2011, pages 55–79.
  • Sinclair Lewis : Foreword. In: #Frank 1942.5 , page VX.
  • Thomas Mann : In memoriam Bruno Frank. Version of 1945. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 26, June 29, 1945 page 8, online: . Reprint: #Man 1984.3 . See also #Man 1956.1 .
  • Thomas Mann : In memoriam Bruno Frank. Version from 1955. In: Gleanings. Frankfurt am Main 1956, pages 224-227. First printing: Die Welt , number 139, June 18, 1955. See also #Mann 1945.1 .
  • Thomas Mann : Questions and Answers. About own works. Tributes and wreaths: About friends, companions and contemporaries. Afterword by Helmut Koopmann. Frankfurt am Main 1984.
  • Thomas Mann : [Bruno Frank]. For the 50th birthday. In: # Mann 1984.1 , pages 382-386.
  • Thomas Mann : In memoriam Bruno Frank. Version from 1945. In: #Mann 1984.1 , pages 392-395. First printing: #Mann 1945.1 .
  • Thomas Mann : [Funeral speech for Bruno Frank]. In: # Mann 1984.1 , pages 395-396.
  • Ludwig Marcuse : A farewell. [Obituary for Bruno Frank] . In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 26, June 29, 1945 Page 7-8, online: .
  • Ludwig Marcuse : The Sunday Bruno Frank. On the 20th anniversary of his death. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , number 146 from 19./20. June 1965, SZ on the weekend , no page number.
  • Kurt Martens : Bruno Frank. In: The German literature of our time in characteristics and samples. Munich 1922, pages 221–222, reprint of #Frank 1915.1 , chapter 39: pages 222–227.
  • Ulrich Müller: Writing against Hitler. From historical to political novel. Investigations into the prose work of Bruno Frank. Mainz 1994.
  • Richard Erich Schade: Bruno Frank 1887–1945. In: Karl-Heinz Habersetzer (editor): German writers in portrait. 6. Expressionism and the Weimar Republic. Munich 1984, pages 60-61.
  • Virginia Sease: Bruno Frank. In: #Spalek 1976 , pages 352-370.
  • Bruno Frank. In: Alexander Stephan : In the sights of the FBI: German exiled writers in the files of American secret services. Stuttgart 1995, pages 272-276.
  • Carola Stern: The thing you call love. The life of the Fritzi Massary. Reinbek near Hamburg 2000.
  • Konrad Umlauf : Exile, Terror, Illegality: the aesthetic processing of political experiences in selected German-language novels from exile 1933-1945. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-8204-6247-3 , pages 24–35, 106–123.

Works

If a separate article exists for a work, see there.

  • Volker Harry Altwasser : happy death . Volker Harry Altwasser's novel about Bruno Frank's report, in which Chamfort tells of his death. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-88221-197-9 .
  • Julius Bab : German War Poetry of Today IX. In: Das literäre Echo , Volume 20, 1918, Issue 8, January 15, 1918, Column 450, 459. - Review of #Frank 1916.3 .
  • Charles W. Carpenter: Exiled German writers in America 1932-1950. University of Southern California in 1952, page 30-50, online: . - Reception in the USA.
  • Fritz Endemann: The Prussian King and his Swabian chronicler. Bruno Frank tells of Friedrich II, whom he does not call the great. In: Literature Journal for Baden-Wuerttemberg November / December 2012, pages 10-12, online: .
  • Lion Feuchtwanger : Days of the King [review]. In: Die Weltbühne , volume 21, first half of 1925, number 2, January 13, pages 71–72.
  • Alexander Moritz Frey : "Twelve thousand." Play in three acts by Bruno Frank. World premiere of the Münchner Kammerspiele in the Schauspielhaus. In: The literary world , volume 3, number 18, May 6, 1927, page 7.
  • Ferdinand Gregori : Lyrical walks. In: Das literäre Echo , 8th year, 1905, issue 6, December 15, 1905, column 401–406, here 404. - Review of #Frank 1905.1 .
  • Stefan Großmann : Bruno Frank's new piece [“The woman on the animal”]. In: Das Tag-Buch , 2nd year, issue 40, October 8, 1921, pages 1215-1218.
  • Ernst Heilborn : Berlin. "The sisters and the stranger". Acting in two acts and a prelude. From Bruno Frank. (First performance in the Königgrätzerstraße Theater on April 30, 1918). In: The literary echo , 20th year, issue 17, June 1, 1918, column 1034-1035.
  • Hans W. Herber: Poetry in Simplicissimus. All poems by Frank, Bruno. Asbach 2012, online: . - List and text of the poems.
  • Hermann Hesse : poetry books. In: March. Half-monthly publication for German culture , 1st year, 4th volume, October 1907, pages 86–90, here 88. - Review of #Frank 1905.1 .
  • Walter Carl-Alexander Hoyt: Conflict in Change. A Study in the Prose-Fiction of Bruno Frank. New Brunswick 1978.
  • Siegfried Jacobsohn : The sisters and the stranger [review]. In: Die Weltbühne , volume 14, first half of 1918, number 19, May 9, 341–342,
  • Siegfried Jacobsohn : Theatergoers. In: Die Weltbühne , volume 14, first half of 1918, number 26, June 27, pages 599–600. - Review of “ Bibikoff ”.
  • Harry Kahn : Frank and Friedrich. In: Die Weltbühne , volume 24, first half of 1928, number 9, February 28, pages 338–340.
  • Theo Klaus: Bruno Frank. In: The Schwabenspiegel. Weekly, Volume 1, number 13, January 7, 1908, pages 102-103. - About Bruno Frank's poems.
  • Oskar Loerke : New Poetry. Problematic of the form. In: Die Neue Rundschau , 29th year of the free stage, 1918, Volume 1, pages 268–269. - Review of #Frank 1912.1 and #Frank 1916.3 .
  • Thomas Mann : Bruno Frank's “Requiem”. In: # Mann 1984.1 , pages 365-367.
  • Richard Riess: Munich authors. [Bruno Frank. Requiem]. In: March. Eine Wochenschrift , 11th year, Volume 3, July to September 1917, pages 902–904, here 903–904. - Review of #Frank 1916.3 .
  • Jakob Schaffner : Refugees, short stories by Bruno Frank. In: Die Neue Rundschau , Volume 22, 1911, Volume 2, Page 1768.

Afterwords

bibliography

Note: See also section Lexica .

  • Bibliography. In: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 383-405. - Most extensive and most complete bibliography on Bruno Frank's life and work.
  • List of individual contributions (selection) . In: #Heuer 1999.1 , pages 251-253.
  • Annotated list of works . In: #Heuer 1999.1 , pages 254-268.

  • Günter Albrecht (editor); Günther Dahlke (editor): International bibliography on the history of German literature from the beginnings to the present, Part 2, 2. From 1789 to the present. Munich-Pullach 1972, pages 242-243.
  • Günter Albrecht (editor); Günther Dahlke (editor): International bibliography on the history of German literature from its beginnings to the present, Part 4, 2nd ten-year supplementary volume. Munich 1984, page 456.
  • Werner Baum: Bruno Frank. Bibliography. In: Bibliographical calendar sheets of the [East] Berlin City Library Volume 12, June 1970, Volume 6, Pages 33–36.
  • Penrith Goff: Handbook of German Literature History, Department 2, 10th Wilhelminian Age. Bern 1970, page 57.
  • Martin Gregor-Dellin : Bibliographical Notes. In: #Frank 1979.1 , page 309.
  • Mechthild Hahner (editor): German Exile Archive 1933–1945. Catalog of books and brochures / Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main. Stuttgart 1989, pages 151-153.
  • Mechthild Hahner (editor): German Exile Archive 1933–1945 and Collection of Exile Literature 1933–1945. Catalog of books and brochures / German Library, Leipzig, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin. Stuttgart 2003, pages 138-139.
  • Frank, Bruno. In: Renate Heuer (editor): Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors / Archive Bibliographia Judaica , Volume 7: Feis – Frey, Munich 1999, pages 250–268.
  • Konrad Paul: Bruno Frank's stories (partial bibliography). In: #Frank 1982.1 , pages 396-397.
  • #Spalek 1976.2 , pp. 36-41, 172-173.
  • Bruno Frank. Cervantes. In: #Werner 1987 , pages 261-265.
  • Gero von Wilpert ; Adolf Gühring: First editions of German poetry: a bibliography on German literature, 1600 - 1990. Stuttgart 1992, page 427-428.

swell

General

  • In memoriam: Bruno Frank, Roda Roda, Franz Werfel. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 36, September 7, 1945 page 48, online: .
  • In memoriam Bruno Frank. [Advance notice for the memorial service of the Jewish Club of 1933 for Bruno Frank on September 29, 1945]. In: Aufbau , Volume 11, Number 37, September 14, 1945, page 14, online: *T. Fasbender: Rotary in the German language , online: .
  • Immo Eberl; Helmut Marcon: 150 years of doctorate at the Faculty of Economics at the University of Tübingen: biographies of doctors, honorary doctors and post-doctorates 1830-1980 (1984). Stuttgart 1984, number 951 (Lothar Frank), number 957 (Elisabeth Roth).
  • Irene Ferchl: Narrated city: Stuttgart's literary places. Tübingen 2015.
  • Holger Gumprecht: “New Weimar” under palm trees. German writer in exile in Los Angeles. Berlin 1998, pages 133-137.
  • Joachim Hahn : Friedhöfe in Stuttgart , Volume 3: Pragfriedhof, Israelite part . Stuttgart 1992, page 69 (Sigismund Frank).
  • Michael Hepp (editor): The expatriation of German citizens 1933–45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger. 1. Lists in chronological order. Munich 1985, list 34, numbers 7 and 8 (Bruno and Liesl Frank), list 114, numbers 21-23 (Lina, Helmut and Ruth Frank).
  • Harold von Hofe: Literature in exile: Bruno Frank. In: The German quarterly , volume 18, issue 2, March 1945, pages 86–92.
  • Harold von Hofe (editor): Lion Feuchtwanger; Arnold Zweig. Correspondence: 1933 - 1958, Volume 1: 1933 - 1948. Berlin 1984.
  • Harold von Hofe (editor): Lion Feuchtwanger; Arnold Zweig. Correspondence: 1933 - 1958, 2. 1949 - 1958. Berlin 1984.
  • Heinrich Huesmann: Reinhardt World Theater. Buildings, venues, productions. Munich 1983, numbers 1019, 1353, 1728, 1833, 1872, 1881, 2133, 2280, 2285, 2316.
  • E. Bond Johnson: The European Film Fund and Hollywood Writers In Exile. In: #Spalek 1976 , pages 135-146.
  • Hans Kafka : “Alien Problem” evening in the “Jewisch Club of 1933”. Appointment of Bruno Frank and Thomas Mann as honorary members. In: Aufbau , Volume 8, Number 14, April 3, 1942, page 19.
  • Ferdinand Kahn ; Thomas Mann , Lion Feuchtwanger : A humanist. Thomas Mann and Lion Feuchtwanger on Bruno Frank. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 41, October 12, 1945 page 18, online: .
  • C. Mamlock: The truth about Trenck. In: Berliner Tageblatt , 55th year, No. 349, Morning Edition, July 27, 1926 page 2-3. Online: .
  • The American Historical Society (Editor): Encyclopedia of Massachusetts: Biographical - Genealogical , Volume 10, New York 1916, page 335, online: .
  • Marta Mierendorff: German Jewish Club of 1933 , Los Angeles, A forgotten chapter of emigration. Radio essay by the Süddeutscher Rundfunk . Stuttgart 1966, online: .
  • Hans-Bernhard Moeller: exiled writers as screenwriters. In: #Spalek 1976 , pages 676-714, here: 677, 678, 681, 697, 702, 706.
  • Sylvia Schütz: Monacensia is acquiring the literary estate of Liesl Fank-Mittler. Munich 2013, online: .
  • Frank, Anthony M. In: Charles Moritz (Editor): Current Biography Yearbook 1991 , Volume 52. New York 1991, pages 226-229.
  • Jürgen Oelkers : Eros and Shapes of Light: The Gurus of the Landerziehungsheime. In: Patrick Bühler (editor): On the staging history of educational redeemer figures. Bern 2013, page 121-145, online: .
  • Hanns Otto Roecker: Bruno Frank. A memorial sheet for someone who died in exile. In: Aussaat: Zeitschrift für Kunst und Wissenschaft , 1st year, issue 4, 1946, pages 27–29.
  • Joseph Victor von Scheffel: Venetian Epistle. In: Joseph Victor von Scheffel; Johannes Franke (editor): Joseph Victor von Scheffel's complete works. Volume 7: Epistles and Travel Pictures. First part. Leipzig [1916], pages 192-220.
  • Thomas Siedhoff: The New Theater in Frankfurt am Main 1911–1935: Attempt to systematically appreciate a theater business. Frankfurt am Main 1985, Part II, Numbers 215, 323, 456, 464, 606, 671, 697, 777, 783, 790, 835, 839.
  • John M. Spalek (editor): German exile literature since 1933, Volume 1: California, part 1. Bern 1976.
  • John M. Spalek (editor): German exile literature since 1933, Volume 1: California, part 2. Bern 1976.
  • Testimony of Dr. Thomas Mann ... and Dr. Bruno Frank ... In: Hearings before the Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration. ... Los Angeles and San Francisco Hearings. March 6, 7, and 12, 1942 ... Washington in 1942, from 11,725 to 11,733 page : online .
  • Eckhard Ullrich: Reference to a successful person: Bruno Frank. Online 2012:
  • Eckhard Ullrich: Bruno Frank June 13, 1887 - June 20, 1945. Online 2015:
  • Eckhard Ullrich: Bruno Frank: twelve thousand. Online 2015:
  • Franz Carl Weiskopf : Under strange skies. An outline of German literature in exile 1933-1947. Berlin 1948.
  • Maria Zelzer : Path and Fate of the Stuttgart Jews. A memorial book. Stuttgart 1964, pages 34, 63, 74, 465 (Sigismund Frank, Lothar Frank, Bankhaus Gebr. Rosenfeld).

Thomas Mann and Family

  • Dirk Heißerer (editor): Thomas Mann's “Villino” in Feldafing on Lake Starnberg: 1919 - 1923; with Thomas Mann's letters to Georg Martin Richter 1901–1942 and to Emma Bonn 1931–1935 as well as a letter from Golo Mann in 1988. Munich 2001.
  • Thomas Mann ; Giuseppe Antonio Borgese ; Albert Einstein ; Bruno Frank; Carlo Sforza ; Arturo Toscanini and Bruno Walter : [Telegram to President Theodore Roosevelt ] . Pacific Palisades 1942.
  • Thomas Mann : Collected works: in twelve volumes, Volume 11: Speeches and essays 3. Frankfurt am Main 1960.
  • Thomas Mann ; Erika Mann (editor): Thomas Mann. Letters, Volume 2: 1937-1947. Frankfurt am Main 1979.
  • Thomas Mann ; Agnes E. Meyer ; Hans Rudolf Vaget (editor): Thomas Mann, Agnes E. Meyer, correspondence: 1937–1955. Frankfurt am Main 1992.
  • Thomas Mann ; Peter de Mendelssohn (editor): Thomas Mann. Diaries 1918–1921. Frankfurt am Main 1979.
  • Thomas Mann ; Peter de Mendelssohn (editor): Thomas Mann. Diaries 1937–1939. Frankfurt am Main 1980.
  • Thomas Mann ; Inge Jens (editor): Thomas Mann. Diaries 1944–1.4.1946. Frankfurt am Main 1986.
  • Erika Mann ; Klaus Mann : Escape to life: German culture in exile. Munich 1991, especially: pages 312-318, 382.
  • Golo Mann : On the twentieth anniversary of Bruno Frank's death. In: Neue Rundschau , volume 76, issue 3, 1965, pages 533-535.
  • Klaus Mann ; Martin Gregor-Dellin (editor): Almost at home. With Bruno Frank. In: Today and Tomorrow: Writings at the Time. Munich 1969, pages 67-77.
  • Klaus Mann : The turning point: a life story. Extended German version of the first English edition. Munich 1976.
  • Peter de Mendelssohn : The magician: the life of the German writer Thomas Mann, Volume 1: 1. 1875-1918. Frankfurt am Main 1975.
  • Peter de Mendelssohn ; Albert von Schirnding (editor): The magician: the life of the German writer Thomas Mann, Volume 2: Years of suspension: 1919 and 1933; abandoned chapters; Total register. - Frankfurt am Main: Fischer, 1992.
  • Anna Zanco Prestel (editor): Erika Mann. Letters and Answers, Volume 1: 1922-1950. Munich 1984.
  • Anna Zanco Prestel (editor): Erika Mann. Letters and Answers, Volume 2: 1951-1969. Munich 1985.
  • Günther Schwarberg : Once upon a time there was a magic mountain: Thomas Mann in Davos - a search for clues. Göttingen 2001, pages 44-49.

friends and acquaintances

  • Lois Banner: Marilyn: the passion and the paradox. London 2012, 146.
  • Jörg M. Bossert: From the Bosporus to Werdenfelser Land: attempt of a biography of the journalist Nora Gräfin von Beroldingen Stuttgart 2006, especially pages 14–15.
  • Wolfgang Büche (editor): The other me. Portraits 1900–1950. Halle 2003, pages 16–17 (portrait of Philipp Fischer von Weikersthal).
  • Wilhelm Dieterle : Bruno Frank, the European. [Obituary for Bruno Frank]. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 27, July 6, 1945 page 16, online: .
  • Marta Feuchtwanger : Marta Feuchtwanger. Only one woman: years, days, hours. Munich 1986.
  • Alexander Moritz Frey : Hell and Heaven. With an afterword by Hans-Albert Walter. Reprint of the Zurich 1945 edition, Hildesheim 1984, pages 224–228, 231–232 (personification of Bruno Frank as Bruno Fork).
  • Felix Guggenheim: Bruno Frank. [Obituary for Bruno Frank]. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 27, July 6, 1945 page 17, online: .
  • Ferdinand Kahn : memory. [Obituary for Bruno Frank]. In: Structure , Volume 11, Number 27, July 6, 1945 page 16, online: .
  • Nora Winkler von Kapp : My childhood friend Bruno Frank. In: Hochlandbote for the districts of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Miesbach, Schongau, Tölz and Weilheim , supplement “Der Frauenspiegel”, volume 2, number 62, August 2, 1946, page 7.
  • Victor Klemperer : You always want to cry and laugh in one: Revolution diary 1919. With a foreword by Christopher Clark and a historical essay by Wolfram Wette . Berlin 2015, pages 44–45, 53.
  • Fritz H. Landshoff : Amsterdam, Keizersgracht 333, Querido Publisher: Memories of a publisher; with letters and documents. Berlin 2001.
  • Alma Mahler-Werfel : My life. Frankfurt am Main 1960, pages 355, 357.
  • Ludwig Marcuse : My Twentieth Century: On the Way to an Autobiography. Munich 1963, especially: pages 267–268.
  • Erich von Mendelssohn : day and night. Novel. Berlin 1914 (personification of Bruno Frank as Richard Gruber).
  • Ted Schwarz: Marilyn Revealed: The Ambitious Life of an American Icon. Lanham, Maryland 2009, 228.
  • Wilhelm Speyer : melancholy of the seasons. Narrative. Berlin 1922 (personification of Bruno Frank as Erwin Gast).
  • Wilhelm von Sternburg : Lion Feuchtwanger  : the biography. 1st edition, revised and expanded new edition of the biography "Lion Feuchtwanger, a German writer's life by Wilhelm von Sternburg", first published in 1984. Berlin 2014.
  • Salka Viertel : The Unteachable Heart: Memories of a life with artists of the 20th century. Frankfurt am Main 2011.
  • Bruno Walter : Theme and Variations: Memories and Thoughts. Frankfurt am Main 1960, pages 367-368, 405, 439.
  • Ulrich Weinzierl : Alfred Polgar  : a biography. Vienna 2005.

Archives

  • Estate of Liesl Fank-Mittler, Monacensia , literature archive of the Munich city library. The inventory includes, among other things:
    • BF F 60: 2 photo albums with photos of 48 dogs that played the dog Toni at the performances of "Storm in a Water Glass" in various German cities.
    • BF M 2: 5 poems by Bruno Frank for his wife Liesl Frank.
    • BF M 4: Typewriter manuscript of Bruno Frank's work “Lüge als Staatsprinzip” from 1939.
  • German Literature Archive Marbach .
    • Walther Migge: The big ones and the forgotten: Shaping German literature between 1870 and 1933. Manuscripts, portraits, prints from the literature archive of the German Schiller Society. Special exhibition in the Schiller National Museum in Marbach am Neckar, August 1, 1958 to February 15, 1959. [Exhibition catalog]. Marbach am Neckar 1958, pages 23-24.
  • Main State Archives Stuttgart .
    • M 457 vol. 27, war log roll.
  • German radio archive , radio appearances by Bruno Frank .

Works digital

1. Reader Reader with selected excerpts from stories and novellas by Bruno Frank.
2. Essays Articles by Bruno Frank (mostly essays and reviews) that were published as articles in magazines or books.
3. Stories All stories by Bruno Frank that have been published in anthologies and as individual contributions, with the exception of the stories about Frederick the Great.
4. Poems Collection of around 300 poems that Bruno Frank published in volumes of poetry and in individual contributions. It does not include the unpublished poems that are kept in Liesl Frank-Mittler's estate in the literature archive of the Munich City Library (Monacensia).
5. Friedrich stories Bruno Frank's stories about Frederick the Great. The collection contains the story cycle “Days of the King” and the novel “Trenck. Novel of a Favorite ”and two magazine articles referring to the novel“ Trenck ”.
6. Friedrich documents Bruno Frank's documentation “Frederick the Great as a person as reflected in his letters, his writings, contemporary reports and anecdotes” ( #Frank 1926.2 ).
7. Dissertation Bruno Frank's dissertation “Gustav Pfizer's seals” ( #Frank 1912.2 ).
8. Polemic Bruno Frank's pamphlet “Lies as a State Principle ” ( #Frank 1939.1 ).
9. Novels Frank 1909.1 : The Night Watch.
Frank 1915.1 : The Princess.
Frank 1934.1: to page 200 , from page 201 : Cervantes.
Frank 1937.1 : The passport.
Frank 1943.2 : The daughter.
10. Acting Frank 1916.2 : The faithful maid.
Frank 1918.1 : Bibikoff.
Frank 1918.2 : The sisters and the stranger.
Frank 1919.2 : The Comforter.
Frank 1921.2 : The woman on the animal.
Frank 1927.2 : twelve thousand .
Frank 1929.2 : Pearl Comedy.
Frank 1930.5 : Storm in a glass of water.
Frank 1931.1 : Nina.
Frank 1932.1 : The General and the Gold.
Frank 1940.1 : The Forbidden City.

Web links

Commons : Bruno Frank  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Works by Bruno Frank  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Bruno Frank  - Sources and full texts

Footnotes

  1. ^ # Gregor-Dellin 1975 , page 185.
  2. #Kirchner 2009 , page 17, 409.
  3. More about the birthplace .
  4. ^ Address books of the city of Stuttgart.
  5. ^ "Rothschild, Salomon (1870) - Hanau". Jewish graves in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. #Kirchner 2009 , page 17.
  7. #Kirchner 2009 , page 17-18, #Zelzer 1964 , page 465.
  8. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 17–18, #Zelzer 1964 , pages 63, 74, 465. - Thomas Mann , who himself comes from a middle-class background, apostrophized Frank in a homage on his 50th birthday as the “son of Stuttgart notables” ( #Mann 1984.1 , page 386).
  9. #Zelzer 1964 , pp. 72–74, comparisons of purchasing power of historical amounts of money .
  10. #Kirchner 2009 , page 190, #Frank 1925.1 .
  11. # Frank 1930.4 .
  12. #Kapp 1946 .
  13. # Frank 1912.3 .
  14. # Frank 1930.4 .
  15. # Frank 1912.3 .
  16. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 19–22, #Oelkers 2013 , #Speyer 1922 , #Mendelssohn 1914 .
  17. On Theodor Lessing's stay in Haubinda see: [1] .
  18. Philipp Fischer von Weikersthal and Max Slevogt were friends. Von Weikersthal often visited Slevogt at his Neukastel Castle in the Palatinate, where the picture was taken ( # Büche 2003 ).
  19. According to Nora's report, she was 12 and Bruno 15 years old when he read her his first poems ( #Kapp 1946 ).
  20. The Buddenbrooks reading must have taken place in 1904/1905, when Bruno Frank was preparing for his Abitur ( #Kapp 1946 ).
  21. #Bossert 2006 , #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 18-19.
  22. # Frank 1930.4 .
  23. WS 1905/1906: Tübingen, SS 1906: Munich, WS 1906/1907 - SS 1907: Strasbourg, WS 1907/1908 - SS 1908: Heidelberg, WS 1908/1909: Leipzig, SS 1909 - WS 1910/1911: Freiburg, SS 1911: Tübingen. - During Frank's time in Tübingen see: #Frank 1927.4 , #Hornbogen 1999 .
  24. # Frank 1927.4 .
  25. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 27–28.
  26. # Frank 1912.2 .
  27. #Kirchner 2009 , page 27.
  28. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 40–41, 46.
  29. #man 1945.1 .
  30. #Massachusetts 1916 , #Schwarberg 2001 . - Date of birth according to "Davoser Zeitung" from April 22, 1912, quoted in #Schwarberg 2001 , page 45: August 10, 1887. Year of birth according to #Massachusetts 1916 : 1885.
  31. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 55–56.
  32. Bruno Frank published 54 poems and four short stories in Simplicissimus, see: Simplicissimus, Bruno Frank .
  33. # Frank 1918.2 .
  34. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 55–67.
  35. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 67–74.
  36. ^ Only in May 1917 a poem by him appeared again in the Simplicissimus, with the title "New Hope".
  37. According to Klaus Mann , Frank's house was a small villa ( #Frank 1926.8 ). Apparently the house only got the villa-like appearance in later years, which is also shown by a painting and a photo from the Feldafing municipal archive (FAGF-418A and FAGF-418B). According to Peter de Mendelssohn , Frank's house was just a “little house”: “It was in fact just a 'little house' with a large living and working room and a bookcase on the ground floor and a small bedroom and an even smaller guest room on the upper floor, but it was with a terrace and garden, high above the lake, in the open countryside and with a wonderful panoramic view. ”( #Mendelssohn 1992 , page 48) - House number 92, shown in #Kirchner 2009 , page 102, seems to Frank lived in for a short time before he moved into house number 125 (information from the Feldafing municipal archive).
  38. On Frank's relationship with Emmy Remolt, see: Emmy Remolt-Jessen, Bruno Frank .
  39. # Frank 1932.4 .
  40. # Frank 1930.1 .
  41. #Kirchner 2009 , page 85.
  42. #Kirchner 2009 , page 86. - Herbert Günther speaks of 12,000 performances that Frank's own pieces had seen, and Klaus Mann claims that Frank adapted around 50 foreign-language pieces for the German stage ( # Günter 1957 , page 91, #Mann 1943 ).
  43. # Frank 1919.3 .
  44. #Joseph 1993 , page 249th
  45. ^ # Mann, Erika 1991 , pages 312-313.
  46. #Frank 1939.1 , pages 6-7.
  47. #Frank 1925.2 , page 280.
  48. # Günter 1957 , page 91.
  49. #Frank 1939.1 , page 1.
  50. #Sease 1976 , page 353.
  51. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 213–276.
  52. List of harmful and undesirable literature .
  53. # Mann, Klaus 1969 , page 67.
  54. #Prestel 1984 , page 93, #Sease 1976 , page 354, #Kirchner 2009 , page 275.
  55. #Kirchner 2009 , page 234.
  56. #Kirchner 2009 , page 246.
  57. #Kirchner 2009 , page 261.
  58. #Kirchner 2009 , page 260, 275-276.
  59. ^ # Gregor-Dellin 1977 .
  60. ^ # Gregor-Dellin 1977 .
  61. For the medical history of Bruno Frank see: #Kirchner 2009 , pages 34–35, 43–44, 49, 51, 60, 67, 70, 198, 229, 230, 233, 253, 255, 299, 305, 310, 332, 332-333, 337.
  62. #Frank 1939.1 , page 17.
  63. Bruno Frank suffered a heart attack.
  64. #Man 1956.1 .
  65. #Landshoff 2001 , page 352, #Kirchner 2009 , 340.
  66. On the death of Bruno Frank see also: #Kirchner 2009 , 337–341.
  67. #Marcuse 1945 , # Mann-Tagebücher 1944-1946 , page 223. - In addition to Ludwig Marcuse, Alma Mahler-Werfel and Salka Viertel also paid their last respects to Bruno Frank a few hours after his death, but not Thomas Mann, who is currently on one Lecture tour was ( # Mahler-Werfel 1960 , page 357, #viertel 2011 , page 390). - Further remarks by Thomas Mann in connection with Bruno Frank's demise: # Mann-Briefe 1937-1947 , 433, 434, 436, 459, # Mann-Meyer-Briefe 1992 , 637, 640, # Mann diaries 1944-1946 , 21. June 1945 to October 5, 1945.
  68. # Frank 1921.1 .
  69. ^ Structure , Volume 11, Number 26, June 29, 1945, Page 8. - Find A Grave Memorial # 19753 .
  70. #Marcuse 1945 , #Mann 1945.1 (Reprint: #Mann 1984.3 ), #Dieterle 1945 . - On the 10th anniversary of Bruno Frank's death, Thomas Mann published his obituary again, slightly changed, in the daily newspaper “Die Welt” (reprint: #Mann 1956.1 ). - The obituaries “Remembrance” by Ferdinand Kahn and “Bruno Frank” by Felix Guggenheim ( #Kahn 1945.2 , #Guggenheim 1945 ) are also worth mentioning .
  71. #Mann 1960 , page 234, # Mann-Tagebücher 1944-1946 , page 241, # Mann-Meyer-Briefe 1992 , page 634. Thomas Mann's funeral speech: #Mann 1984.1 , pages 395-396.
  72. #Kahn 1945.3 , #Mann 1960 , page 242, # Mann diaries 1944-1946 , pages 257-258. - Advance notice : #Building 1945.2 .
  73. # This year 1999.1 , #Kirchner 2009 , page 17.
  74. ^ Letter from Helmuth Frank to Elisabeth Frank dated August 12, 1945 from Genoa, Monacensia, Munich.
  75. Sigismund Frank's grave is in the Israelite part of the Stuttgart Prague cemetery , see Pragfriedhof, Sigismund Frank ( # Hahn 1992 , page 69).
  76. #Kirchner 2009 , page 228.
  77. #Eberl 1984 .
  78. #Heuer 1999.1 , #Kirchner 2009 , page 228, 278.
  79. # Mann Diaries 1937–1939 , page 395.
  80. #Hepp 1985 , #Kirchner 2009 , page 278, 375. - Lothar Frank was apparently overlooked during the expatriation campaign.
  81. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 333-335.
  82. ^ Bornstein Papers in the Leo Baeck Institute
  83. #Herbertz 2009 .
  84. #Monacensia 2013 .
  85. # Günther 1957 , pages 88-89.
  86. #Kirchner 2009 , page 93. - Lion Feuchtwanger and his wife Marta were friends with Bruno Frank. The quote was taken from Marta Feuchtwanger's memoirs, which “seem rich in anecdotes but not factually reliable” ( #Kirchner 2009 , page 63).
  87. youth , born 33, 1928, Issue 19, page 1, online: .
  88. youth , born 35, 1928, issue 31, page 486, online: .
  89. youth , born 33, 1928, issue 1, page 15, online: .
  90. Donald Spoto: Marilyn Monroe. The biography . Wilhelm Heyne Verlag , Munich 1993, ISBN 3-453-06919-6 , pp. 135-136.
  91. #Banner 2012 , #Black 2009 , Lytess Natasha on the website Cursum Perficio .
  92. #Landshoff 2001 , page 352, 360.
  93. #Sease 1976 , page 352nd
  94. #Frank 1976.1 , page 185th
  95. #Kirchner 2009 , page 12.
  96. #Kirchner 2009 , page 55.
  97. # Frank 1930.4 .
  98. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 54–55.
  99. #Kirchner 2009 , page 48.
  100. #Ackerknecht 1956 , page 128.
  101. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 38–40.
  102. #Kirchner 2009 , pp. 77–84.
  103. #Kirchner 2009 , page 234.
  104. "What do I know?"
  105. English title: Young Madame Conti .
  106. Without the preface to the first edition #Frank 1923.4 .
  107. #Frank 1930.4 , #Frank 1930.1 and #Frank 1937.4 are identical. #Frank 1930.1 also contains a portrait drawing and an afterword.
  108. #Frank 1930.4 , #Frank 1930.1 and #Frank 1937.4 are identical. #Frank 1930.1 also contains a portrait drawing and an afterword.
  109. #Frank 1930.4 , #Frank 1930.1 and #Frank 1937.4 are identical. #Frank 1930.1 also contains a portrait drawing and an afterword.
  110. ↑ Year of origin: 1938 or later.
  111. ^ Simplicissimus project .
  112. In #Frank 1937.2 seven previously unpublished poems appeared, but nothing is known about the years of their origin.
  113. ^ Simplicissimus project .
  114. Registration required: The burner online ( memento of the original from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / corpus1.aac.ac.at
  115. ^ Reprinted in the novella " An Adventure in Venice ".
  116. ^ Poem on the death of Agnes Sorma on February 10, 1927.
  117. Poem to Thomas Mann .
  118. ^ Poem for Bismarck's 100th birthday .
  119. In the Simplicissimus the poem contained the final line “ Warneton , not far Ypres , 15. XI. 1914 / Bruno Frank ".
  120. ^ Letter from Bruno Frank to Liesl Frank on the 27th wedding anniversary on August 6, 1941.
  121. At Frank's funeral , the actress Helene Thimig , the wife of Max Reinhardt , who died two years earlier , spoke his poem “In each house”, which begins with the melancholy verses: “In every house the broom sweeps / And sweeps out what is obsolete. / This house, in which I was human, / It will be the house where I died. ”( #Kirchner 2009 , page 339).
  122. ^ Poem on the 100th anniversary of Heinrich von Kleist's death .
  123. ^ Reprinted in the novel "Die Nachtwache".
  124. ^ Poem for the inauguration of the new Royal Court Theater in Stuttgart on September 14, 1912.
  125. According to the opening credits, the film is based on the novel by Blaise Cendrars . In addition to the three scriptwriters, Bruno Frank is mentioned with “By arrangement with Bruno Frank”.
  126. See also the English Wikipedia article Storm in a Teacup (film) .
  127. #Kirchner 2009 , page 93, #Frank 1919.3 .
  128. #Kirchner 2009 , page 153.
  129. #Fasbender 2014 , #Kirchner 2009 , page 153, 214.
  130. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 229, 249, 369, 372, 384.
  131. #Building 1945.1 .
  132. #Frank 1939.2 , #Kirchner 2009 , page 281, 288–289.
  133. #Stern 2000 , pages 314-315, #Kirchner 2009 , pages 297-298, 306, 377.
  134. ^ Successor organization to the Association of German Writers.
  135. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 283, 294, 295, 296-297, 299.
  136. # This year 1999.1 .
  137. #Kirchner 2009 , pages 329, 339, 396, #Mierendorff 1966 , #Kafka 1942 .
  138. A downer: there is no chronicle and an alphabetical register of works. They would improve the overview and facilitate targeted reference.
  139. Caution: double pages, see page II.
  140. Erwin Ackerknecht was a brother of Eberhard Ackerknecht . This and Bruno Frank were schoolmates at the Karlsgymnasium in Stuttgart and long-term friends.
  141. ^ Report by Ferdinand Kahn on the memorial service for Bruno Frank on September 29, 1945, memorial speeches by Thomas Mann and Lion Feuchtwanger.
  142. Hanns Otto Roecker (1887–1957) was cultural director of the "Schwäbischer Merkur" until the Second World War and worked for the "Stuttgarter Zeitung" after the war. The extent to which he knew his schoolmate Bruno Frank better cannot be seen from Roecker's meager memories of their school days together.
  143. See also # Mann, Klaus 1969 .
  144. Slightly abridged, otherwise identical version: # Mann , Erika 1991 , pages 312-318.