Renault

This article covers the automobile manufacturer. For further meanings, see Renault (disambiguation) .

Renault SA
legal form	Société Anonyme (public limited company)
ISIN	FR0000131906
founding	1898
Seat	Boulogne-Billancourt , France
management	Clotilde Delbos
Number of employees	179,600 (2020)
sales	55.5 billion euros (2019)
Branch	Automobile manufacturer
Website	group.renault.com

Renault ^{? / i} [ ʀəˈno ] is aFrench automobile manufacturer. After the strategic alliance between Renault andNissanin spring 1999,Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi isone of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world. In 2015, Renault had over 120,000 employees worldwide and produced 2.8 million vehicles. In Germany, Renault had a 3.5 percent share ofnewcarregistrationsin 2014, making it the second strongest foreign brand.

With a turnover of 66.3 billion US dollars and a profit of 5.8 billion US dollars, Renault ranks 135 among the world's largest companies according to Forbes Global 2000 (as of FY 2017). The company had a market capitalization of $ 31 billion in mid-2018.

history

Foundation and early years

Renault V with four-cylinder engine (4500 cm³, 20 hp) from 1905

The Société Renault Frères (company owned by the Renault brothers) was officially founded on February 25, 1899 by Louis (1877-1944), Fernand (1865-1909) and Marcel Renault (1872-1903). However, Christmas Eve 1898 is considered to be the birth of the Renault factory. That day, Louis Renault was out and about in Paris with his self-assembled wooden automobile in a shed in Boulogne-Billancourt . On the same evening, he received twelve orders to replicate his first automobile, the type that was later called the Model A.

Louis Renault ran the company alone after the death of his brothers until he died in October 1944. In 1909 he converted the company into a stock corporation ( Société Anonyme ), in which he held 81% of the capital. From then on, the company was called Société anonyme des usines Renault .

500 francs share in the Société anonyme des usines Renault dated January 1, 1932, issued to Louis Renault

In addition to the management, he continued to work as a technician. Over the years, this led to numerous patents that advanced the automotive world, for example the cardan shaft , the screw-in spark plug or the turbo compressor ( turbocharger ), as well as the seat belt , the first V8 engine for an aircraft and the drum brake .

The development of the family business advanced rapidly, with Renault already employing over 100 people by 1900. Renault achieved its breakthrough as a large industrial group in 1906, when a Paris taxi company ordered 250 taxis from Renault.

The early 20th century

Renault Grand Prix, 1907

Very large 1923 model in 3D

 

Renault Celtaquatre , 1934

Renault started producing commercial vehicles early on . In 1909 there were already three- and five-ton trucks and in 1915 a tractor with all-wheel drive and steering. In 1913 Renault produced the ten thousandth vehicle. This number of cars almost matched Ford's production numbers and was unique in Europe.

During the First World War , military trucks, aircraft engines and ammunition were produced. Renault stood out for its innovative technical solutions here too. The Renault FT was the first tank with a rotating turret and a self-supporting hull .

The Renault Type AG , which was mainly used by taxi drivers, became a myth of the world war: when the troops could not be brought to the Marne front quickly enough at the beginning of the war , the Parisian taxi drivers took over with Renault's “Marnetaxis”. Through his work for France in World War I, Renault had become a national hero, which is why he was appointed an officer of the Legion of Honor in 1918 .

The time between the world wars

After the First World War, Renault resumed automobile production with slightly modified pre-war models. But Renault soon expanded not only with the large number of its car models, but also ventured into other areas such as the production of boat engines, locomotives and aircraft (Renault acquired the aircraft manufacturer Caudron in 1933 ). In addition, the first tractors were developed and built. One of the production facilities became Le Mans from the mid-1930s .

In 1929, the first of which was diesel - truck presented, which was widely circulated since the 1930s. At the time of the global economic crisis , production went in the direction of energy-saving vehicles. The Renault 6CV used around 3.7 liters of fuel per 100 km.

In the 1930s, Renault built a production facility on the Seine island of Séguin. The largest and most modern automobile plant in Europe at the time was built on the 70,000 m² island and is still the main plant today. Outside the United States, Renault had the longest assembly line; it was 1.5 km long. Until the outbreak of the Second World War, Renault produced mainly representative luxury automobiles.

Because Louis Renault considered suppliers to be unreliable, he made himself independent by producing in-house products such as sheet steel and spark plugs . It even built its own power station . In addition, manhole covers and smaller household items such as canteen cutlery and cotton wool were manufactured (Renault was at times the largest cotton manufacturer in the country).

Railcars and locomotives

Type VH railcar from 1933

From 1921 Renault built railcars as well as mine and small locomotives .

→ Main article : Renault railcars

The Second World War and the time after

1939–1944 ( Second World War )

After the defeat of 1940 , France was forced into a surrender- like armistice by Nazi Germany in June 1940 ; part of France was occupied, the other part was administered by the Vichy regime . After the German troops marched into Paris (June 14, 1940), Renault was placed under German administration and manufactured and repaired trucks and tanks for the Wehrmacht . Renault sales increased fivefold between 1940 and 1942. The German administrators Schippert and von Urach were assigned to Daimler-Benz AG .

In March and April 1942, the Renault works were the target of British air raids. After another attack in September 1943, production practically came to a standstill.

1944–1949: nationalization

Renault 4CV , 1946

Diesel multiple unit X 3800 "Picasso"

Louis Renault surrendered to the police after the liberation of Paris (late August 1944). He was charged with collaboration , for which he was imprisoned. He died on October 24, 1944 in a Paris hospital - whether as a result of uremia or as a result of ill-treatment while imprisoned in Fresnes prison could never be clearly established.

While Renault was still in custody, Pierre Lefaucheux was temporarily employed as administrator in Boulogne-Billancourt. The Renault works were officially nationalized on January 16, 1945 by the provisional government and Pierre Lefaucheux was appointed General Manager. The company's name was now Régie Nationale des Usines Renault (State Administration of Renault Works).

After the Second World War, automobile production was initially limited to the Renault 4CV ( Crèmeschnittchen ), which was secretly developed during the war and was officially presented in 1946. The demand was so great that in 1947 the delivery time was over a year. The monthly production of 7750 vehicles in autumn 1948 broke the pre-war record. In 1949 the Renault works were the largest automobile manufacturer in France. An office was also opened in Baden-Baden that year .

Until 1962 Renault built rail vehicles, mainly diesel multiple units, but also large diesel locomotives such as the SNCF series CC 80000 in small numbers . Well-known railcars designed by Renault were z. B. the "Picassos" called X 3800 , of which from 1950 Renault 110 vehicles - and under the leadership of the company another 141 at other companies. With the X 2800 series , of which Renault manufactured 103 units, the production of locomotives ended.

1950–1954: Expansion in Europe

Renault Frégate , 1951

Renault Floride S, 1958

Renault 4 with original grille, 1961

In 1950, Renault built the FASA plant in Valladolid (Spain) , later followed by other Spanish plants in Palencia and Seville . The FASA company was founded with Spanish private capital and gradually acquired 100 percent by Renault in the following years. The name FASA-Renault remained until the beginning of the 21st century, after which the factory operated as Renault España .

1955–1959: New truck production

The merger of Renault heavy truck production with Latil and Somua resulted in Saviem in 1955 . The establishment of Saviem was the first official act of Lefaucheux's successor, Pierre Dreyfus . Lefaucheux had a fatal accident in February 1955 when he was about to go to St. Dizier . The first car model created under Dreyfus was the very successful Dauphine .

1960: Social commitment and international breakthrough for Renault cars

Under the aspect of being a group of the people, Renault enforced the paid third and fourth week of vacation in the 1960s. Production at that time brought about revolutionary models such as the Renault 4 or the Renault 16 . The Renault 12 must also be counted among the most important models in terms of its production figures and its distribution in the world. The Renault 12 was the first real world car from Renault, until the end of the millennium it was manufactured in Romania by Dacia , in Turkey by Oyak Renault and by Ford in Brazil as Ford Corcel . Even then, Renault relied on exports and thus came not only to the top of registrations in France, but also way up in Europe.

In the following time, Renault continued to grow and tried to cooperate with other companies or to expand further through company acquisitions. At the instigation of the French state, the commercial vehicle manufacturer Berliet was integrated into the Renault Group in 1975 and merged with Saviem in 1978 to form the new company Renault Véhicules Industriels (RVI for short) . The two previous brand names were continued until 1980, but were then replaced by the Renault brand, which appears again on medium and heavy commercial vehicles for the first time since 1957.

1961–1967: Economic successes worldwide

Renault 16 , 1966

From 1961 to 1969 the annual production figures rose from 413,000 to over a million units and more plants were built. An assembly plant was built for the R16 in Sandouville near Le Havre in 1963 . In 1969 it was decided to build the Douai body and assembly plant and to double the capacity of Sandouville. The production of the Dauphine and the R4 was outsourced to Córdoba (Argentina) , the assembly of the R12 took place in Romania as the Dacia 1300 . A subsidiary was also set up in Mexico ; Together with Peugeot , an assembly plant was set up in Peru . The first export market was Germany in 1962. In 1970 Renault had already achieved a market share of 7 percent with 170,000 units sold; Renault was thus the largest car importer in Germany.

In 1963, Renault took over the supply of spare parts and the well-developed dealer network of the tractor brand Porsche-Diesel . This initially increased sales of Renault tractors, and through the successive conversion of the agricultural machinery workshops into Renault car dealerships, Renault was able to gain a foothold on a broad front in Germany. Within a few years, Renault rose to become the largest car importer in Germany. The tractor division of Renault was taken over at the beginning of the new millennium by the German agricultural machinery manufacturer Claas , whose capital share has been 80 percent since the beginning of 2006.

1968–1969: Internal company problems

As early as the student unrest in May 1968 , strikes broke out at the main plant, which paralyzed production for almost a month. On June 18, 1968, after an internal company agreement, the workers resumed work. Against (or in favor of maintaining) the production conditions, but possibly limited to 40 hours a week or 60 years of life, the workers had rebelled again at the beginning of the 1970s. These actions became known to all automobile workers as the 1971 Renault strike. Left radical groups expressed their solidarity with this strike or agitated outside the factory gates. On February 25, 1972, Pierre Overney was killed in such an action in front of the main factory in Boulogne-Billancourt .

1970–1982: Production figures continue to rise

Renault 5 , 1973

From 1970 to 1980 the production figure rose from one million to two million vehicles per year. The reason for this was the advancing automation through industrial robots and the introduction of successful models such as the Renault 5 . Various other models were also introduced with varying degrees of success and the Alpine models were more widely addressed. The Renault Sport plant in Dieppe was inaugurated in 1976 and the new Renault Alpine 310 with V6 engine was presented. In 1974 the PRV engine was presented, which was produced in large numbers in another new factory in Douvrin for the Renault 30 , for Peugeot and Volvo .

In 1972 the logo of the Renault works, a rhombus, last changed in 1959, was redesigned by Victor Vasarely .

In 1979 Renault acquired a 10% stake in the US truck manufacturer Mack Trucks , which was gradually increased to 40% by 1983 and passed on to RVI in 1987 .

In 1979 the state company made a billion francs profit and broke all production, export and domestic sales records that had been set up until then.

1983–1999: Cooperation through new partners and further crises

Renault Espace , 1984

Renault 19 Chamade , 1990

Renault Twingo , 1995

1983 took over RVI the company Dodge Europe . In the same year, the G260 / 290 series was awarded the title Truck of the Year . In America, the R9 and R11 models were manufactured and sold as AMC ( American Motors Corporation ) Alliance and Encore under the direction of Renault . The result was a convertible based on the R9, which was never sold in this form in Germany. At the same time, the legendary Jeeps received Renault engines and were sold through the European Renault dealer network.

Despite its success up to the end of the 1970s, the Régie Renault soon fell into a serious crisis: production fell noticeably, and in 1984 it was the first time that billions were in the red. The social benefits granted at the beginning of the François Mitterrand era were obviously not innocent. Until 1988 there were further declines in sales in France and also in export, so that the market share in Germany was only 2.8 percent. The CEO Bernard Hanon , who had succeeded Bernard Vernier-Palliez in 1981 , was replaced early in 1985 by Georges Besse . Besse launched a drastic reorganization plan that included massive downsizing and the sale of activities and holdings.

In order to escape the crisis, the entire force was put on new products and with the introduction of the Renault Fuego in the spring of 1980, the entire model range was gradually renewed. Further offspring of these intensive efforts were the new Renault 25 and Espace models in the spring of 1984, the latter of which is regarded as the archetype of MPVs in Europe.

In the summer of 1988, the Renault 19 was added and helped the group to make profit again. Experts later referred to the R19 as the “savior of Renault”, because together with the R5 successor Clio, which appeared in mid-1990, it formed the pillar of Renault's boom in the early 1990s.

Before that, on November 17, 1986, the French head of Renault, Georges Besse, was shot dead by terrorists from the Action directe group . In 1987 Renault again made a profit of several billion francs after the deficit had already been halved in the previous year. At the same time, Renault once again focused on quality with the “Qualité Totale” directive and the communication line Cars to Life .

In 1990 RVI bought the remaining shares in Mack Trucks . 1991 became the AE Truck of the Year. The Renault VI emerged from RVI in 1992. In 1996, the French state sold most of its shares, so that 51 years after the expropriation, Renault was privatized again. The company also received billions in debt relief. In the meantime, the plant on the Seine island Seguin was closed in 1992 due to a lack of space.

Renault in the 21st century

Renault AE, 2001

Renault Grand Scénic , 2006

Renault Laguna Grand Tour, 2009

1999–2010: Acquisitions and sales of other companies or brands

After the Renault-Nissan alliance founded in March 1999, Renault acquired a 44 percent stake in the Nissan car company from 2002 , later in Volvo with 20 percent, and bought the car brands Dacia (Romania) and Samsung Motors (South Korea).

The Renault truck series AE was the first to offer a COE driver's cab from 2000 , which arranged the cab completely above the engine and - significantly higher than before - accommodated the driver, whereby - as with the underfloor vehicles from Büssing - a continuously level floor and Headroom were available. That was gladly accepted by the transport industry.

The 'Renault VI' was integrated into the Volvo truck group in 2001 and has been called Renault Trucks since 2002 . Renault also began to cooperate with the Finnish manufacturer Sisu Auto . In 2001 the Spanish Renault subsidiary Fabricación de Automóviles (FASA) renamed Renault España (RESA).

Renault was one of the first car manufacturers in Europe to get involved in Turkey near Bursa . The estate models Grandtour of the Renault Mégane, which were sold from spring 1999 to summer 2003, are vehicles made in Turkey.

Greenpeace built the three-liter Twingo Smile with the body and chassis of the Renault Twingo, but with a newly developed engine , in order to demonstrate that fuel consumption can also be drastically reduced with gasoline engines.

The Renault Agriculture tractor division was completely taken over in 2003 by the German agricultural machinery manufacturer Claas . Since then, the tractors from the French factories also bear the Claas name and the green and red paintwork typical of the brand.

In spring 2006, Renault and Nissan investigated starting points for a cooperation with the American car company General Motors .

In 2007, unions like the CGT criticized poor working conditions in a Renault development department near Paris, which they linked to health problems and employee suicides . Management rejected a connection. A French court ruled in 2009 that Renault was complicit in the suicide of an employee. The 39-year-old computer scientist threw himself out of the fifth floor of an office building in October 2006 after a conversation with a supervisor. Because of gross negligence, the judges sentenced Renault to pay symbolic compensation of one euro and a higher pension to the relatives.

On April 7, 2010, a cooperation agreement between the Renault-Nissan Alliance and Daimler AG was signed in Brussels . Representing signed Carlos Ghosn and Dieter Zetsche the contract, the first, the development of a common small car platform, secondly, provides for the use of common motors and thirdly, closer cooperation in the light commercial vehicle sector has to content. In addition, the contract offers greater economic efficiency and better utilization of the production lines.

Perspectives since 2010

Renault Twizy , 2013

Renault Mégane , 2016

Renault has been bringing various electric cars (ZE = Zero Emission) onto the market since 2011. The first to start in Germany were the Kangoo Rapid ZE delivery van and the Fluence ZE notchback van (both from October 2011). The two-seater Twizy and the small car ZOE followed at the beginning of 2012 . The engines for the Kangoo and Fluence are produced by the German automotive supplier Continental in Gifhorn and deliver up to 70 kW. The engines manage without rare earths . In addition to the possibility of conventionally charging the drive batteries via the power grid, Renault planned to use a so-called Quickdrop system, in which empty batteries can be exchanged for full batteries within 3 minutes.

For October 2012 Renault announced an expansion of investments in Brazil . From 2013, production at the Curitiba plant was to be increased by 100,000 units per year to 350,000 vehicles. For this, 200 million euros have been invested.

From 2011 the entry-level model Renault Kwid was developed in India . This has been manufactured there since 2015 and sold for less than 4,000 euros.

Company information

Shareholder structure

Share (in percent)	Shareholders
19.74	French state
15.00	Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
03.10	Daimler AG
02.09	Employee
01.57	own shares
58.50	Free float

As of May 15, 2018

Distribution in Germany

Sales are handled by the Renault Retail Group subsidiary with branches in the cities of Berlin, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Cologne and Munich, as well as through authorized dealers. In 2008 the retail group emerged from the REAGROUP. In 2004, the Dacia brand was also sold .

Renault plants with vehicle types, suppliers and production figures (2011)

Renault plants worldwide in 2015.

Flins-sur-Seine ( Yvelines department ): Twingo I , Clio III (148,000 cars) Maubeuge Construction Automobile in Maubeuge (Département du Nord): Kangoo (147,000 cars) Sandouville near Le Havre: Laguna , Vel Satis , Espace (64,900 cars) Douai near Lille: Scénic , Mégane II (177,200 cars) Lille : gearboxes and axles Villeurbanne near Lyon: chassis parts Renault España (RESA) with three plants in Spain: Palencia (Villamuriel de Cerrato): Mégane II , Mégane III , Kadjar Valladolid : Modus , Grand Modus , Renault Twizy , Renault Captur Seville : transmission components

Pitești (Romania): (Dacia) Logan Revoz in Novo mesto (Slovenia): Clio Campus , Clio Storia , Twingo II , Renault Wind Bursa (Turkey): Mégane Sedan , Clio II , Renault Clio Grandtour Enstone (England): chassis and engines for Formula 1 Saint-Priest (Métropole de Lyon) : trucks ( Renault Trucks is an independent company that has been part of the Volvo group since 2001 ) in Morocco : Tangier in Asia: Renault Samsung Motors in Busan (South Korea): Renault Koleos

statistics

Cars sold by the Renault Group (including all subsidiaries):

1996 1.84 million 1997 1.90 million 1998 2.21 million 1999 2.37 million 2000 2.38 million 2001 2.41 million

2002 2.40 million 2003 2.39 million 2004 2.49 million 2005 2.53 million 2006 2.43 million 2007 2.48 million

2008 2.38 million 2009 2.31 million 2010 2.63 million 2011 2.72 million 2012 2.25 million 2013 2.63 million

2014 2.71 million 2015 2.80 million 2016 3.18 million 2017 3.76 million 2018 3.88 million 2019 3.75 million

Renault in motor racing

→ Main article : Renault Sport F1 Team

World Champion Fernando Alonso in the factory Renault (2005)

In 1968, the Renault works joined forces with other car manufacturers and launched Formula Renault as a national motorsport series for youngsters. Since then, Renault has been using motorsport as an advertising platform and as a test field for new technical developments.

Renault has been permanently involved in Formula 1 since 1977 with only brief interruptions , at times with a works team (1977 to 1985 and 2001 to 2009 ) that won the drivers' world championship with Fernando Alonso in 2005 and 2006 , but primarily as a supplier of racing engines. In 1977 Renault revolutionized Formula 1 with the introduction of turbo engines. In the 1990s, Renault was the dominant engine manufacturer in Formula 1. As an engine partner to the British Williams team , Renault won all constructors 'championships between 1992 and 1997, and during this period (with the exception of 1994) all drivers' titles went to drivers for Renault engines used. From 2010 to 2013 , Renault's Red Bull customer team , for which Sebastian Vettel competed, won all driver and constructor titles . Since 2016, Renault has again had its own works team in Enstone, UK, which competes with its own racing car and an engine built in France. This decision was preceded by lengthy investigations into the advertising effectiveness of a mere engine commitment compared to a full factory drive with your own car. The decision to return Renault to Formula 1 was associated with special payments from the Formula 1 rights holder.

In esports , Renault is a sponsor of Team Vitality's Rocket League team .

All Renault models

Timeline of Renault models from 1945 to today
Type	40s					50s										60s										70s										80s										90s										2000s										2010s										2020s
	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0
Microcar																																																																				Twizy
Small car																	3																																Twingo														Twingo II							Twingo III
		4CV															4th
																												5 / 7												5 / Super5							Clio I							Clio II / Thalia
																																																													Clio III							Clio IV							Clio V
																																																																					ZOE
Compact class	... Juvaquatre / Dauphinoise																							6th																																								Thalia II / Symbol II					Symbol III
												Dauphine																				14th					9/11							19th							Mégane I							Mégane II							Megane III							Megane IV
																																																																		Fluence
Middle class																		8/10								12								18th								21st								Laguna I							Laguna II							Laguna III								talisman
																					16
upper middle class							Frégate																								20 / 30									25th								Saffron									Vel Satis										Latitude
Coupe																												15 / 17								Fuego																					Avantime [6]							Laguna III
Roadster														Caravelle / Floride																																					Spider [2]															wind
Sports car																																				5 turbo
											A106 [1]		A108 [1]				A110 [1]										A310 [1]													GTA [1]							A610 [1]																										A110 [1]
SUV																																																																							Kwid
																																																																											City K-ZE
																																																																											Triber
																										Rodéo 4/6 [5]											Rodéo [5]																																Captur I.							Capture II
																																																																								Kaptur
																																																																											Arcana
																																																																Koleos							Kadjar
																																																																									Koleos II
Minivan																																																												mode
Compact van																																																				Mégane Scénic / Scénic I							Scénic II						Scénic III							Scénic IV
Van						Colorale																																		Espace I [6]							Espace II [6]						Espace III [6]					Espace IV													Espace V
Box van																		4 F4 / F6
																																									Rapid
High roof combination																																																						Kangoo										Kangoo II [7]
Vans															Estafette			Estafette						Estafette													Trafic I																				Trafic II [3]														Trafic III [3]
																																					Master I.																		Master II [4]												Master III [4]
Pick up																																																																									Alaskan
[1] Manufacturer: Alpine, from 1973 Renault Alpine, from 2017 again Alpine; [2] Manufacturer: Renault Sport; [5] from ACL; [6] manufactured by or at Matra; [7] also manufactured for Mercedes from 2012 Cooperation with GM: [3] manufactured under the leadership of Opel / Vauxhall, [4] manufactured under the leadership of Renault Based on a Nissan , also manufactured as a Mercedes Based on a Renault-Samsung Based on a Dacia Based on a Datsun Developed together with Smart

1899-1918

Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type G Type H Type I Type J Type K Type L Type M Type N (a) and Type N (b) Type N (c) Type O Type O (b) Type P Type Q Type R Type S

Type T Type U (a) and Type U (e) Type U (b), Type U (c) and Type U (d) Type V Type X Type Y Type Z Type AB Type AE / AF Type AG Type AH Type AI Type AJ Type AK Type AL Type AM Type AN Type AO Type AQ Type AR

Type AS Type AT Type AX Type AZ Type BF Type bra Type BK Type BM Type BX Type BY Type BZ Type CB Type CC Type CD Type CE Type CF Type CG Type CH Type CI Type CQ Type DG

Type DJ Type DM Type DO Type DP Type DQ Type DT Type DX Type DZ Type ED Type EE Type EF Type EI Type EJ Type EK Type ER Type ES Type ET Type EU Type FE Type FI Type FK

1919-1945

Celtaquatre Celestandard Juvaquatre Monaquatre Monasix Monastella Nerva Grand Sport Nervahuit Nervasport Nervastella Nervastella Grand Sport Novaquatre Primaquatre Primastella Reinasport Reinastella Suprastella Type EU Type FD

Type FS Type GR Type GS Type GV Type GX Type HD Type HF Type HG Type HU Type IC Type IG Type II Type IM Type IQ Type IR Type JD Type JM Type JP Type JR

Type JS Type JT Type JV Type JY Type KD Type KH Type KJ Type KO Type KR Type KZ Type LS Type LZ Type MC Type ME Type MG Type MT Type NE Type NM Type NN

Type NO Type NS Type PG Type PI Type PK Type PL Type PM Type PZ Type RA Type SO Viva Grand Sport Vivaquatre Vivasix Vivasport Vivastella Vivastella Grand Sport

Since 1945

Construction period Produced vehicles	model series	annotation	image
Microcar
1993-2007	Twingo I	The name "Twingo" came from a fantasy word. It combines the three terms twist, swing and tango. It received a facelift in 1998 (painted front and rear bumper and technical changes), but otherwise remained unchanged. In 2003 it was upgraded once more with expanded safety technology, improved brakes and a new 1.2-liter 16V motor. Also new: the Initiale line with leather seats, air conditioning as standard and an optional navigation system. The Twingo I was economically successful. The contemporary design, a good all-round view, the interior concept and the folding roof, which is available at an additional cost, contributed to this. Renault produced many special models of this car.
2007-2014	Twingo II	The second Twingo had a greater variety of features than its predecessor. It was also built with only three doors. The Sport and RS variants were new . A diesel engine was now also on offer. Furthermore, some special models (such as Night & Day or Nokia ) were available. At the beginning of 2012 the Twingo II was revised.
since 2014	Twingo III	The third version of the small car was developed in collaboration with Smart. Like their new four-seater model, the Twingo has a rear engine and rear-wheel drive. It is also available for the first time (and exclusively) as a five-door model.
Small car
1946-1961	Renault 4CV	Like the VW Beetle and the Tatra 97 , the 4CV had rear-wheel drive, but like the Mercedes-Benz W 23, a water-cooled in-line engine and a self-supporting body with four doors. Because of the scarcity of resources and raw materials after the war, the car was initially only painted in Sahara beige , because remaining stocks of camouflage paint were used up for the army. His nickname in France was therefore “butter lump” ( motte de beurre ), the Saarlanders called him cremeschnittchen . A total of 1.1 million copies were built.
1961–1962	Renault 3	The R3 was the economy version of the R4, which was built for only one year, with fewer features and a smaller engine. Only 2571 copies were made of him.
1961-1992	Renault 4	It was Renault's first small five-door car. The engine and gearbox were taken over from the 4 CV. It owed its success to the fact that it was practical, inexpensive and robust. The R4 was not only valued by the students and young families of the time, the Spanish Guardia Civil and the French gendarmerie also used the R4 well into the 1990s. It was also available as an F4 panel van , 20 cm longer than the F6 , as a Plein Air convertible and with a plastic Rodeo body . In total it was sold 8 million times.
1972-1996	Renault 5	Served as a supplement to the R4 and as a more modern and cheaper alternative to the Renault 6. The car had a self-supporting body without the platform frame of the R4 and R6. The wheel suspensions were similar to those of the R4, but simpler and made up of fewer parts. Engines from 850 cm³ to 1800 cm³ were available, most recently also with turbocharging in the R5 Alpine Turbo (122B; 1400 cm³). The little friend , as advertised later, was built as a three-door and (from 1979) as a five-door. A new generation was introduced at the end of 1984, but the shape remained the same as the original model. The engine was now installed transversely. While its production in France ended in 1990, it continued to be built in Slovenia until 1996. The R5 remained on offer in Germany until 1994, most recently only with a diesel engine and as a special Campus model .
1980-1986	Renault 5 Turbo	The Renault 5 Turbo was equipped with a four-cylinder mid-engine with exhaust gas turbocharger and was based on the R5. The engine was installed lengthways in front of the rear axle, with a displacement of 1397 cm³ this made 160 hp. The maximum torque of 210 Nm was reached at 3250 rpm.
1974-1983	Renault Siete / Renault 7	The Siete (from 1979: Renault 7) was a four-door notchback sedan based on the first R5, which was only manufactured in and for Spain by FASA.
1990-1998	Clio I	The first Clio replaced the successful R5 in mid-1990. It went through two revisions (1994 and 1996). A sports version offered from 1994 onwards was called the 16V Williams and was a special model that was derived from the Formula 1 racing team (Williams Renault).
1998-2012	Clio II	Second generation of the Clio. This also went through two revisions: The first facelift took place in 2001, which was primarily recognizable by the more dynamic headlights, new taillights and a higher-quality interior. With the second facelift in 2003, the range was supplemented by a more powerful diesel engine and the revised Renault Clio Sport (2.0-l-16V, 179 hp). From 2005 the Clio II was only offered as a special Campus model, which was further revised in 2009. It was also built as a sports model with a V6 mid-engine and as a racing car. Abroad there was also a notchback variant called Thalia . After 14 years, production was stopped at the end of 2012.
2005-2013	Clio III	The Clio III appeared for the first time as a station wagon version ( Grand Tour ), but no longer as a V6. The highest performance level is now the sport with 201 hp. A facelift followed in spring 2009.
2012-2019	Clio IV	The fourth generation of the Clio was presented at the Paris Motor Show 2012 and has been available as an exclusively five-door hatchback sedan since November 2012 and as a Grand Tour estate since March 2013 .
since 2019	Clio V	The fifth generation of the Clio was presented at the Geneva Motor Show 2019.
Compact class
1937-1955	Juvaquatre	The Juvaquatre was first presented at the Paris Motor Show in 1937 . The station wagon followed shortly thereafter. This was initially mainly used by the French post office. In 1939 a four-door sedan came on the market in addition to the two-door version. During the Second World War, however, production was significantly reduced and only resumed in 1946. From 1948 there was only the panel van, in 1950 a station wagon was added because no station wagon could be derived from the Renault 4CV with a vertical rear engine. In 1954 the Juvaquatre got the engine of the 4CV installed at the front, the rear-wheel drive was retained. In 1956 it was renamed Dauphinoise , got the dashboard and the adapted interior of the 4CV, was offered either as a station wagon or as a delivery van and thus took on the role of a 4CV station wagon. The end of production was only a year before that of the 4CV.
1956-1968	Dauphine	The Dauphine was the successor to the 4CV and, like this, was only sold as a four-door sedan with a rear engine. The name means heir to the throne and is aimed at the sales success of the 4CV in Europe and also in the USA. The output was initially 26.5 hp, until the tuner Améede Gordini, who was also reverently called the Witcher , took on the engine on behalf of Renault. He created the Renault Gordini , the performance of which he was able to increase to 33 or 36 hp at 850 cc. In 1959, a model called the R1093 or Rallye-Dauphine was developed for motor racing and took part in various car races such as the Monte Carlo Rally . The engine power of this model has even been increased to 49 hp.
1962-1973	Renault 8	Four-door sedan with a four-cylinder in-line engine installed lengthways at the rear. The R8 was also available in sporty versions ( Gordini and S ). The model had independent suspension and disc brakes on all four wheels. In the summer of 1973 the R8 was discontinued without a successor.
1968-1980	Renault 6	The R6 was designed as a compact sedan with a large tailgate on the platform of the R4. With its modernized shape (similar to the Renault 16) and better equipment, it was aimed primarily at young families. The headlights of the first version were round. In the summer of 1973, square headlights, larger rear lights, a radiator grille without chrome elements and modified license plate lights were introduced.
1976-1982	Renault 14	The Renault 14 was the first Renault model in the Golf class . Like its predecessors, as a hatchback sedan with a large tailgate and thus a variable trunk, it followed the body concept that is typical of today's class. Unlike the VW Golf and models from other competitors, the R14 was only offered with five doors. The engines, which were built together with PSA, had a displacement of 1.2 or 1.4 liters. However, the success was rather modest. With further performance and equipment variants and a facelift in autumn 1979, larger customer groups were to be opened up, but this did not succeed. Production of the R14 was therefore stopped at the end of 1982.
1981-1988	Renault 9/11	The sister models R9 and R11 are both vehicles with front-wheel drive and transverse front engine. The R9 introduced in the summer of 1981 was a four-door notchback sedan, the R11 presented the three- and five-door version with hatchback in mid-1983. The vehicle's suspension provided a smooth ride, but the vehicles were light and capable of good driving performance. Because of their low susceptibility to breakdowns and their low consumption, the R9 and R11 were widely used throughout Western Europe during their production time. The engines had a power range from 54 (1.6-liter diesel) to 115 HP (1.4-liter turbo). A prototype with four-wheel steering was also developed, but it was never ready for series production. A facelift of the front area at the end of 1986 (the characteristic double headlights were replaced by simple rectangular lights) could not stop the production stop in autumn 1988.
1988-1997	Renault 19	The R19 was at Renault as a major advance in the field of quality. First launched as a hatchback in autumn 1988, followed by a notchback ( Chamade , later Bellevue ) in summer 1989 . The convertible was manufactured by Karmann in Osnabrück from mid-1991 . In June 1992, the series received a facelift, which brought a new radiator grille and darkened rear lights. The license plate was now in the rear bumpers. From 1990 to 1994 the R19 was the best-selling import car in Germany and was sold around 100,000 times in 1991 and 1992. A value that no import model has ever achieved. Production of the hatchback and notchback models in Europe was ended in autumn 1995, and the convertible was built until the beginning of 1997.
1995-2003	Mégane I	The first generation of the Renault Mégane was available with a hatchback and notchback (Classic) and as a coupé (until 1999 under the name Coach ). There was also a convertible based on the coupe. In the spring of 1999 there was a revision, which included a redesigned front, redesigned rear lights and a revised interior. At the same time the station wagon Grand Tour appeared . From October 2000, new equipment lines were added, as well as a new common rail diesel and minor visual embellishments such as a chrome trim strip around the radiator grille or painted door handles (depending on the equipment variant). Engines: 64 (1.9 D) to 150 HP (2.0 16V). Production of the hatchback and the coupé ended in November 2002. Notchback, station wagon and convertible were only replaced in summer 2003.
2002-2009	Mégane II	With the second generation Mégane II , Renault continued its exemplary development in terms of vehicle safety, especially when it comes to occupant protection, and this model also achieved five stars in the Euro NCAP crash test. In contrast to its predecessor, the unconventional design was striking, which was reminiscent of the Vel Satis and Avantime models that had already appeared before . The body diversity was retained: three- and five-door hatchbacks, notchbacks, station wagons ( Grand Tour ) and coupé-convertibles (with foldable steel roof). At the beginning of 2006 the series received a facelift. The visual innovations were limited to a slightly changed front section and redesigned rear lights. The notchback and the Coupé-Cabrio CC remained in the range until 2010 . Engines: 82 (1.4 l petrol / 1.5 dCi diesel) up to 230 hp ( RS "F1 Team").
2008-2016	Megane III	Third edition of the compact car, which has been in stores since the end of November 2008. The equipment of the Mégane III includes, for example, the keycard hands-free function , an analog tachometer and a digital speedometer. The three-door coupé has been available since January 2009 and (like the first Mégane Coupé / Coach) has its own body. It is equipped with a sportier chassis and light-alloy wheels as standard. A convertible and a notchback (with the name Fluence ) followed in summer 2010. In spring 2012, the series received a slight facelift (different aprons, air intakes and LED daytime running lights). At the beginning of 2014 another facelift was carried out, whereby the front was adapted to the current design line and a new 1.2 liter gasoline engine with turbocharger was introduced.
2009-2014	Fluence	The Fluence , based on the third Mégane , has been manufactured since February 2009 and has been an integral part of the model range in the production country South America ever since. In Germany, the Fluence was first presented at the IAA 2009 in Frankfurt and introduced in late summer 2010. Due to the lack of demand, the vehicle was initially withdrawn from the German market in autumn 2012. As the last variant, the all-electric Fluence ZE rolled off the production line until the beginning of 2014 .
since 2016	Megane IV	The fourth generation of the Mégane has been on the market since March 2016. After the hatchback, the Grand Tour will be launched in the summer of 2016. The engine range has only been carefully developed, while the design is now reminiscent of the larger Talisman .
Middle class
1965-1971	Renault 10	Four-door sedan with a four-cylinder in-line engine installed lengthways at the rear. The R10 stands on the same platform as the R8 presented in mid-1962, only the front and rear have been lengthened. While the R8 was also available in sporty versions ( Gordini and S ), the R10, which was offered from autumn 1965, could only be ordered as a luxury version, the R10  Major . The model had independent suspension and disc brakes on all four wheels. The R10 was discontinued in the fall of 1971.
1965-1980	Renault 16	It is considered the first vehicle with a hatchback body in the middle class and was produced from the beginning of 1965 in a newly built plant in Sandouville near Le Havre . The R16 won the vote for Car of the Year 1966. The design of the front-engine and front-wheel drive in conjunction with a hatchback later became standard in the compact class but also in the upper middle class (e.g. the Audi 100 Avant). The construction of the rear seat bench allowed a great variability of the trunk. It could be removed in a few simple steps and without tools, increasing the loading volume to up to 1,600 liters. From 1973, the R16 was offered in a TX variant with 93 hp, which differed from the other variants on the outside with double headlights. In the late summer of 1974, the aluminum grill gave way to one made of plastic during a further redesign. At the beginning of 1980 it was taken out of the range, because the higher-positioned successors R20 / R30 had been on the market since 1975.
1969-1980	Renault 12	First mid-range car from Renault with front-wheel drive, which initially appeared as a sedan in autumn 1969. The engines covered a power range from 54 (R12 L) to 160 HP (R12 Gordini ). The station wagon called Break (Variable in Germany) followed in the summer of 1970 . In the summer of 1975, the R12 was revised (larger headlights and larger rear lights, as well as modified bumpers and dashboard). The R12 was also manufactured in Romania under the name Dacia 1300/1400 as a sedan and 1310/1410 as a station wagon under license until 2006. In Argentina it rolled off the assembly line with a slightly different body shape than the Ford Corcel . The Renault 12, whose production at Renault ended in early 1980, reached a number of 4.2 million.
1978-1986	Renault 18	Successor to the R12. Like this, it was available as a sedan and from spring 1979 also as a station wagon ( Break ). The latter was also offered as a four-wheel drive from autumn 1983 until the end of production. Initially, two engine variants (1.4 l / 64 hp and 1.7 l / 78 hp) and two equipment variants were available for the R18. The engine range has been expanded to up to 2.2 l displacement. There were also supercharged engines: a 2.1-liter turbo-diesel and the 1.6-liter turbo gasoline engine, which produced around 110 hp (later 125 hp). Production ended in the spring of 1986.
1986-1995	Renault 21	Mid-range car and successor to the R18, which appeared in spring 1986. Its output range ranged from 65 (2.1-l diesel) to 175 hp (2.0-l turbo). It was available for the first time with a hatchback in addition to a notchback sedan and station wagon ( Nevada ) and after a facelift in mid-1989. The body structure is also remarkable. In the body there are reinforcements made of light metal alloys, the engine block rests with rubber bearings on the large axle beam, which acts as a subframe and reinforces the crash structure. The lateral stability is achieved by two cross members in the car floor. In addition, the R21 was available in two different bow designs, depending on the model; depending on the engine, the R21 had either a longitudinal or a transverse engine. The Nevada was also available as a 7-seater with a third bench facing the direction of travel.
1993-2001	Laguna I	From the start, the Laguna was a hatchback sedan, which in autumn 1995 followed the station wagon called the Grand Tour . In the spring of 1998 it received a facelift. In addition to new engines (1.6-l-16V / 107 PS, 1.8-l-16V / 120 PS, 2.0-l-16V / 139 PS and 1.9-l-dTi / 98 PS) it included Contained more extensive standard equipment (air conditioning and side airbag) and minor retouching (including clear glass headlights and new taillights). The offer has been reduced to two equipment variants, normal and Concorde . From the end of 1998 the Laguna also had the first common rail diesel (1.9 l dCi / 107 hp) from Renault. From the first Laguna around 1.5 million vehicles were built by spring 2001.
2001-2007	Laguna II	The Laguna II was a newly developed model that was again offered with a hatchback and as a station wagon ( Grand Tour ). The Laguna II was the first car to achieve 5 stars (33 points = 97%, +1 point for the seat belt warner) in the Euro NCAP crash test. He also received a chip card instead of a conventional key. In addition, the equipment was further expanded (Authentique, Expression, Dynamique, Privilège and Initiale). In the spring of 2005, the Laguna II was given a facelift, which was noticeable both on the outside (instead of a nose patch, now a separate radiator grille) and in terms of safety. Engines: 105 (1.9-liter dCi) to 207 hp (3.0-liter V6)
2007-2015	Laguna III	comes from a cooperation with Nissan. In addition to the hatchback model and the station wagon called the Grand Tour , there was a mid-range coupé from autumn 2008 for the first time since the Fuego was discontinued in spring 1986. The Laguna III GT is equipped with all-wheel steering. An electric motor steers the rear wheels with a tie rod up to 3.5 degrees. The all-wheel steering steers in opposite directions up to 60 km / h, above it in synchronism. A slight facelift followed in spring 2011. In the summer of 2015, production of the Laguna ended after 22 years. It will be replaced by the talisman from the end of 2015 .
since 2015	talisman	The talisman shares modules with the Renault Espace. It is available as a notchback sedan and as a station wagon called the Grand Tour . Among other things, it is offered with four-wheel steering and adaptive damping.
upper middle class
1951-1960	Frégate	At the Paris Motor Show in 1950 the Frégate was presented with a two-liter engine, but it was not delivered until November 1951. From 1956, a new 2,141 cc engine with 57 kW (77 hp) was available. In the same year, the five-door estate version called Domaine came onto the market. Production ended in 1960. Up to then 163,383 Frégates had been built in Flins, and there was no direct successor.
1975-1984	Renault 30	The R30 was Renault's first self-developed vehicle with a 6-cylinder engine after the Second World War and otherwise identical to the R20 with four cylinders, which appeared six months later. The displacement of the V6 engine PRV engine developed together with Peugeot and Volvo was 2,664 cm³. Initially, an output of 96 kW (131 PS) was available, from autumn 1978 there was also a gasoline injection engine with 105 kW (143 PS). Initially only offered as a TS, it was equipped as standard with power steering, electric window lifters at the front and electromagnetic central locking. A 2.1-liter turbodiesel followed in early 1982, albeit with four cylinders. The TS with carburettor was discontinued in mid-1982 and of the gasoline engines only the 143 hp 2.7-liter V6 with injection was available in the R30 TX. At the beginning of 1984 the production of the R30 was stopped.
1975-1984	Renault 20	Introduced in October 1975, the Renault 20 was also offered in Germany from February 1976. Outwardly, it differed from the R30 in that it had a different vehicle front with broadband headlights instead of round double headlights. Otherwise, the R20 and R30 were largely the same apart from a few small technical details such as wheels, fenders, brakes and fuel type as well as details in the interior. In order to close the gap that has arisen between the R16 and the R30 and to prepare for the replacement of the R16, the R20 was introduced into the range. Renault combined the body and technology of the R30 TS with the four-cylinder engine from the R16 TX or the new Douvrin engine made of light metal with a displacement of 2 liters. However, the R16 continued to be offered in parallel until the beginning of 1980. While the R30 was equipped exclusively with six-cylinder V-engines (apart from the turbodiesel engine introduced at the beginning of 1982), there were only four-cylinder in-line engines in the R20. Like the R30, the R20 was withdrawn from the range in early 1984.
1984-1992	Renault 25	With the Renault 25, the concept of a four-cylinder volume model and a separate six-cylinder top-of-the-line model, as with the R20 and R30, was abandoned and both were offered under the same name. In mid-1985, an extended version (R25 sedan) was brought onto the market, with 30 cm more space between the front and rear seats. This could be recognized by the elongated rear doors and a wider B-pillar. It was discontinued in mid-1988. At the same time, the R25 received a facelift (rounded front section, new and wider rear lights). The dimensions of the body remained unchanged, the interior, however, underwent minor modifications. The dashboard received modified ventilation slots. The engines have also been adapted to technical developments, e.g. For example, all gasoline engines were equipped with a 3-way catalytic converter. The top model was offered in the Baccarat version, which included automatic climate control, leather upholstery and root wood applications. Production of the R25 ended in early 1992.
1992-2000	Saffron	The basic shape of the Safrane has strong parallels to its predecessor and, like the R25, has a hatchback with a large tailgate. The engine range started at 107 hp from a 2.2-liter 4-cylinder engine, which in a three-valve variant produced 137 hp. In addition, there was the well-known V6 engine (known as the Europa-V6 or PRV engine) with 167 hp, which came from a joint development by Renault, PSA and Volvo. The diesel engines were initially a 2.5 liter turbodiesel and 112 hp and a 2.1 liter with 88 hp, which were later canceled or replaced. A small number of the Safrane Biturbo, revised by Opel tuner Irmscher, were temporarily available from Renault dealers. This six-cylinder engine, supported by two turbochargers, developed 267 hp and had the corresponding performance (250 km / h). The vehicle was produced in small series of 640 pieces at Irmscher in Remshalden near Stuttgart. A facelift followed in the summer of 1996, which essentially brought technical advantages such as more modern engines. These included a 2.0 l 16V four-cylinder engine with 136 hp, a 2.5 l 20V five-cylinder engine with 165 hp, a 2.2 l 12V four-cylinder turbodiesel engine with 113 hp and from 1999 a 3.0 l 24 V six-cylinder engine with 190 hp. From the beginning there was ABS as standard in the Safrane, from 1994 airbags for all models. From the beginning, airbags were only available on the V6 RT + RXE models. Its production was also discontinued at the end of 2000.
2002-2009	Vel Satis	The Vel Satis replaced the Safrane in April 2002 after a study with an unusual design was shown a year earlier. The courage to adopt a design that deviates significantly from the conventional appearance of models in the upper mid-range has not yet been rewarded, at least by German buyers. In April 2005 the Vel Satis underwent a facelift. Externally, the changes are limited to a new radiator grille with horizontal instead of vertical slats; At the rear, different taillights and a modified rear apron were used. In addition to new exterior paintwork and light alloy wheels, all facelift models have chrome-plated door handles. New fittings, fabrics and materials were used in the interior. Furthermore, the radio and navigation systems were improved and the equipment expanded. In 2003 Renault was able to sell 1,570 Vel Satis in Germany, a year later there were 699, in 2008 only 51. Engines: 116 (2.2-l-dCi) to 241 hp (3.5-l-V6 -24V). Production stopped at the end of 2009.
2010-2015	Latitude	The Latitude replaced the rather hapless Vel Satis since the end of 2010. In contrast to this, however, it is not a pure Renault, because it is based on the platform of the Korean Samsung SM5 from Renault Samsung Motors and is also built in the same plant as the latter. The Latitude is thus related to the Nissan Maxima. Engines and drivetrains were taken over from the Laguna. Sales to Germany were terminated prematurely in autumn 2012 due to low demand.
Coupé / sports car
1955-1995	Alpine Renault	The vehicles known as “Alpine Renault” or “Renault Alpine” were not developed and manufactured by Renault, but by Alpine . They are officially assigned to the sports car manufacturer Alpine in the vehicle documents and not to the Renault brand. Therefore, the vehicles are described at Alpine . Alpine is an independent French sports car brand founded in 1955 by Jean Rédélé . Alpine became a subsidiary of Renault in 1978 and since January 2013 has been half owned by the sports car manufacturer Caterham Cars and Renault.
1959-1968	Floride / Caravelle	The convertible and coupé variants based on the Dauphine. They were designed primarily for the American market. Outside the USA, the vehicles were known as Floride for the first four years , and were also given the Caravelle name in Europe in 1963 . When the Dauphine was discontinued, a revision and conversion of the engines followed, which now came from the R8.
1971-1979	Renault 15	A coupé based on the R12 with up to 90 hp (R15 TS). The R15 TL had a four-cylinder in-line engine with a displacement of 1289 cm³ (Vmax 150 km / h). The front wheels are individually suspended on wishbones with coil springs and equipped with hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers and stabilizers. The model R15 TS, which appeared at the same time, had an engine with 1565 cm³ displacement and reached 170 km / h. Alternatively, a manual four-speed gearbox with center shift or a three-speed automatic were available. In 1975 the TS and Automatic models received a larger engine with 1605 cm³ displacement. In the spring of 1976 the front and rear of all models were revised (wider headlights). The R15 GTL received better equipment (e.g. individual seats in the front). Production was stopped in the summer of 1979.
1971-1979	Renault 17	The Renault 17 is identical to the R15 except for the side panels (different window division) and engine. The Renault 17 TL has a four-cylinder in-line engine with 1565 cm³ displacement (Vmax: 170 km / h). Disc brakes are installed at the front, drum brakes at the rear. In addition to the coupé version, there was an R17 Targa in which the roof center section can be removed. The Renault 17 TS model, which appeared at the same time, reached 180 km / h from 108 hp. Alternatively, a manual four-speed gearbox with center shift or a three-speed automatic were available. In mid-1974 the R17 TS (due to the discontinuation of the R12 Gordini) was renamed Renault 17 Gordini . In the spring of 1976 the TS received a new engine with a displacement of 1647 cm³, with which it reached 170 km / h. In addition, its exterior has been redesigned. Production ended in the summer of 1979.
1979-1986	Renault Fuego	A coupé with a large dome-like tailgate based on the R18, which inherited the R15 and R17 models in the spring of 1980. Its engines developed between 64 (1.4 l) and 132 hp (1.6 l turbo). In mid-1984 the body and the interior were slightly revised. In France, the Fuego was available with a diesel engine. At the beginning of 1986 the production in France was stopped, in South America the vehicle rolled off the assembly line until the end of 1992.
1995-1999	Spider	Open two-seater roadster . During its construction time, it was also produced in a street version with a wind deflector or with a heated windshield. The load-bearing structure of the Spider is an aluminum framework, consisting of a main frame and two auxiliary frames at the front and rear. The mid-engine in the rear subframe is installed transversely and develops 108 kW (147 hp) from a 2-liter displacement. All wheels are individually suspended, at the front on double wishbones and at the rear on triangular transverse and longitudinal links, and there are stabilizers on both axles. At the front, the spring-damper units are installed horizontally and horizontally in order to enable the low overall height of the body. The outer skin of the spider is made of GRP and is screwed to the chassis. The weight of the stable GRP cladding is responsible for the relatively high total weight of the Spider of approx. 965 kg. The disc brake system originally developed for the Alpine 610 Turbo ensures the corresponding, racing-ready deceleration.
2001-2003	Avantime	An exclusive van coupé based on the Espace III, which was offered from autumn 2001. However, due to the closure of Matra's Romorantin-Lanthenay manufacturing plant, production was stopped after around 8500 copies in spring 2003.
2008-2015	Laguna Coupe	The Coupé on the platform of the Laguna III has been with the dealer since November 2008. The body of the coupé is shorter (−52 mm) and flatter (−40 mm) than that of the Laguna sedan. In addition to a newly developed 3.0-l V6 diesel engine with 173 kW (235 hp), the 2.0-l dCi engines from the Laguna II phase 2 are to be used as drive. The Nissan 3.5-liter V6 engine with 175 kW (238 hp), the u. a. also installed in the 350Z and throttled in the Espace and Vel Satis, as well as new direct-injection two-liter engines available. With the exception of the 1.5-l dCi, all diesel engines are equipped with a soot particle filter as standard. The V6 engines are reserved for the Coupé.
2009-2016	Mégane Coupe	The third generation of the Renault Mégane Coupé has been on the market since January 23, 2009. It has its own body and is equipped as standard with a sportier chassis (12 mm lower than the five-door) and light alloy wheels. In November 2009, the RS sports version of the Mégane Coupé followed with a 2.0-liter 16V turbo engine (TCe) with an output of 184 kW (250 hp).
2010-2013	wind	In the summer of 2010, Renault introduced the Twingo II-based wind. It was a coupé-convertible, which has an electrically retractable hardtop and was designed as a pure two-seater. It was only offered with the two most powerful petrol engines (1.2 TCe with 102 hp and 1.6 with 133 hp) of the Twingo III. A sporty version called Gordini was also available from time to time. Renault stopped production in mid-2013.
SUV
since 2008	Koleos	The Koleos is Renault's second sport utility vehicle after the Scénic RX4 and Scénic Conquest. It has been offered in Europe since summer 2008. The Koleos was developed by Renault's design department in collaboration with Renault Samsung Motors' design center in Korea. In East Asia, the vehicle is sold as the Samsung QM5. It shares the platform with the Nissan X-Trail. The Koleos is built in Samsung's main plant (Busan, South Korea). There are two 2-liter turbodiesel engines with common rail injection and 110 or 127 kW (150 or 173 hp) and a 2.5-liter gasoline engine with 126 kW (172 hp) for the Koleos. In 2011 and 2013 the Koleos was revised. Production was stopped in mid-2015. The successor has been on the market since the end of 2016.
2013-2019	Captur I.	The Renault Captur was introduced in mid-2013 as the successor to the Modus . Technically, it is based on the fourth generation of the Renault Clio . For the time being, three engines will be offered, two of which are turbo gasoline engines with 66 kW (90 PS) and 88 kW (120 PS) and a turbo diesel with 66 kW (90 PS).
since 2015	Kadjar	The Kadjar is based on the Renault-Nissan Alliance platform Common Module Family (CMF for short), on which the Nissan Qashqai , launched in early 2014, is based. Compared to the Qashqai, the Kadjar is seven centimeters longer and four centimeters wider.
since 2019	Capture II	The second generation Renault Captur was presented in July 2019. Technically, it is based on the fifth generation of the Renault Clio .
Vans
1950-1957	Colorale	The Colorale was Renault's first post-war development to go into series production (4CV and Juvaquatre were war and pre-war developments) and appealed to a very specific clientele: the construction industry, municipalities, and farmers and foresters. The 4CV was the vehicle that made the French mobile again, the Juvaquatre, especially as a 300 kg station wagon , was the vehicle for craft and trade. The Colorale should be used for tough everyday use. The name, an artificial word made up of Coloniale and Nurale, should suggest this to the buyer. It was made in many varieties. As combination (. Eg for use in the taxi business), as tow, as a transporter, even as a model Savannah , he was offered without side windows, but with leather blinds.
1984-1990	Espace I	The Espace (internal name: J11) came onto the market in spring 1984 as the first MPV of European origin. The model was developed and produced by Matra , originally intended for sale as the Talbot . However, the PSA group was no longer convinced of the concept after the Espace had been developed. Renault recognized the potential and equipped the first prototypes with the technology of the R18. Its construction (steel chassis with GRP body), its rust protection (by immersion in a zinc bath) and its interior design (first van in the world with removable individual seats in the back and rotating front seats) had never existed before. The engines used came from the R18 or R20 / R30: initially a 2.0-l carburettor engine with 81 kW (110 hp) and a 2.1-l turbodiesel with 65 kW (88 hp), later a 2, 2 l injection engine with 79 kW (107 hp). The carburettor engine was no longer offered in Germany from the beginning of 1988 with the simultaneous facelift, but now all-wheel drive and air conditioning were available for the first time.
1991-1996	Espace II	The Espace II (internal designation: J63) was a further development based on the Espace I with a completely redesigned, now strongly rounded plastic body. By rounding off the front, the V6 engine from the R25 (2.9 l; 110 kW / 150 PS) now fits under the still short hood. A four-speed automatic transmission was now also available in conjunction with both gasoline engines. Otherwise the Espace II only differed externally from the Espace I. That changed in 1994 when, after a catastrophic crash test, a driver airbag and belt tensioner were introduced and the body was reinforced.
1996-2003	Scénic I	Compact van based on the Mégane I. It was initially even sold as the Mégane Scénic , after the facelift in summer 1999 as the Scénic and was thus continued in history as an independent model. From autumn 2000 it was also available with all-wheel drive and SUV optics as the Scénic RX4.
1996-2002	Espace III	The Espace III (internal name: JE) was also developed and produced by Matra . For the first time, the engine (similar to the Safrane) was installed transversely, which is why it was no longer supplied with all-wheel drive, as this would have been too complex to implement. The fully galvanized steel chassis with the GRP body was retained. Production started in October 1996 (available in Germany from the beginning of 1997). At the 1997 IAA, a 30 cm longer version was presented as the Grand Espace. The power range of the drives ranged from 72 kW (98 PS) for the 1.9-liter dTi to 140 kW (190 PS) for the 3.0-liter 24V. In contrast to the predecessor, the V6 models were only available with automatic transmissions. Unlike its predecessor, it was available with digital displays.
2002-2014	Espace IV	The Espace IV (internal name: JK; from the beginning also available as Grand Espace) was completely redeveloped with a sheet steel body. It was no longer produced by Matra , but by Renault. Because the belts are now integrated in the rear seats, they are much heavier than on the earlier models. The engine range began with the 1.9-l dCi with 89 kW (120 hp) and ended with the 3.5-l 24V with 177 kW (241 hp). After three facelifts (2006, 2010 and 2012), production of the fourth Espace ended at the end of 2014.
2003-2009	Scénic II	Compact van based on the Mégane II. This time there was also a long version for the first time, which has been called Grand Scénic ever since . In 2006 there was a model update that corresponded to the Mégane and now showed the current design line. Here, too, there was a model with an SUV look, called Scénic Conquest .
2004–2012	mode	A minivan derived from the Twingo I and Clio II. In the spring of 2008 it received a facelift that brought both optical (different headlights and rear lights) and technical innovations (new engines).
2009-2016	Scénic III	Compact van on the platform of the Mégane III. It is also available again as a standard and long version, but for the first time they have different rear sections. The first facelift took place in early 2012, when LED lights and other assistance systems were added to the range. In spring 2013 the Scénic models were modified again. Since then there has also been a higher variant, which is now called X-MOD.
since 2015	Espace V	With the fifth Espace series introduced in spring 2015, the former classic MPV became a modern crossover vehicle that now combines the elements of a van and an SUV. The range includes a petrol and two diesel engines.
since 2016	Scénic IV
Box van
1965-1992	Renault 4 F4 / F6	The platform frame of the R4 made it possible to mount other body variants on it. It was available between mid-1965 and the end of 1992 as the Renault 4 F4 panel van and between the beginning of 1975 and the end of 1990 as the Renault 4 F6 with a 20 cm longer wheelbase and body.
1985-1998	Rapid	The Rapid was a popular panel van based on the second generation Renault 5 and introduced in mid-1985. Two revisions were made in mid-1991 and early 1994.
1998-2007	Kangoo I.	After the Citroën Berlingo, which appeared in autumn 1996, the Kangoo was the second high-roof station wagon and the first with one, and later with two sliding side doors. The Kangoo has torsion bar suspension at the rear. The Clio II served as the basis. In spring 2003, a revised model came on the market, the front section of which was aligned with the other Renault models. Another light facelift was carried out in October 2005. The first Kangoo was sold more than 2.2 million times. The Nissan Kubistar is identical .
since 2008	Kangoo II	At the IAA 2007 Renault presented a new edition of the Kangoo. This will be in stores from the beginning of 2008. The X61 platform is no longer based on the Clio, but on Mégane and Scénic. The Kangoo was 178 mm longer and now measures 4,214 mm, which was particularly beneficial for the interior. New are u. a. a height-adjustable seat, a height-adjustable steering wheel and electrically retractable side windows in the sliding doors. For the first time, the Kangoo is also available with FAP (soot particle filter) and six gears. Since the beginning of 2009 there has also been a lifestyle variant with three doors called Kangoo be bop . In 2012 the Kangoo ZE received the Van of the Year award . It received a facelift in mid-2013. The Mercedes-Benz Citan , which is based on the Kangoo, has also been manufactured in the French Renault plant since October 2012 .
Vans
1945-1965	Voltigeur / Goélette
1959-1980	Estafette	The Estafette was a Renault van that was very popular in France. The French police used it as a personnel carrier. It was built in three generations for 21 years with a total of 530,000 copies.
1980-1997	Master I.
1980-2001	Trafic I
1997-2010	Master II	Identical to Nissan Interstar and Opel Movano . In 2003 there was a comprehensive model upgrade.
2001-2014	Trafic II	Also called Evado (family minibus); identical to Nissan Primastar and Opel Vivaro
since 2010	Master III
since 2014	Trafic III	still identical to Nissan NV300 , Opel Vivaro and Fiat Talento
Pick-ups
since 2017	Alaskan	Renault has been selling a vehicle in the pick-up segment, the Alaskan, since 2017. The vehicle shares the platform with the Nissan Navara and the Mercedes-Benz X-Class

Models outside of Europe

For markets outside Western Europe, apart from Renault models, models from cooperation partners were also marketed as Renault.

Timeline of Renault models that are only intended for the non-western European market
Type	60s										70s										80s										90s										2000s										2010s
	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th
Small car																																																					Pulse [7]
																																																	Sandero
Compact class / lower middle class																																													Logan
																																																			Scala [5]
																																																					Scala [8]
Middle class							Torino [2]																					Medallion [3]
upper middle class																													Premier [4]																								Talisman [6]
Upper class					Ambassador [1]
Van																																																					Lodgy
SUV																																																								Kwid
																																																			Duster
excluding Renault models, which were built longer in some markets than in Europe by Renault and American Motors Corporation , also marketed as Renault (for America): [1] AMC Ambassador , [2] Rambler American / Torino , [3] Eagle Medallion , [4] Eagle Premier Dacia marketed as Renault under the same model name (for Eastern Europe, North Africa, South America and India) Renault-Samsung marketed as Renault : [5] Samsung SM3 (for Mexico, Colombia and Egypt), [6] Samsung SM7 (for China), on Nissan based Renault (India): [7] Nissan Micra , [8] Nissan Sunny based on Renault-Nissan platform (for India)

Logos over time

• 

  The Renault medallion with the initials of the brothers Louis , Fernand and Marcel Renault .
  1900 to 1906

• 

  The automobile emblem was created on the occasion of the start of Renault's first large-scale production.
  1906 to 1919

• 

  The tank logo was introduced because Renault mainly manufactured tanks for the French military after the First World War . 1919 to 1923
  

• 

  The grid-shaped logo with Renault lettering.
  1923 to 1925

• 

  The Renault diamond before the nationalization of Renault.
  1925 to 1946

• 

  The Renault diamond after the nationalization of Renault.
  1946 to 1959

• 

  The Renault diamond based on its original shape.
  1959 to 1972

• 

  The modernized Renault diamond with 3D effect by Victor Vasarely .
  1972 to 1981

• 

  1981 to 1992

• 

  The relief logo after reworking the old Renault diamond.
  1992 to 2004

• 

  The photo logo with separate Renault lettering.
  2004 to 2007

• 

  The photo logo with incorporated Renault lettering.
  2004 to 2015

From 1972 the logo can be interpreted as a kinked ribbon and in this case has a resemblance to an impossible figure .

Renault CEOs

Louis Renault (1898-1944) Pierre Lefaucheux (1945–1955) Pierre Dreyfus (1955–1975) Bernard Vernier-Palliez (1975–1981) Bernard Hanon (1982–1985) Georges Besse (1985/1986) Raymond H. Lévy (1986-1992) Louis Schweitzer (1992-2005) Carlos Ghosn (2005-2019) Jean-Dominique Senard (since January 24, 2019)

literature

• Jacques Frémontier: La Forteresse ouvrière: Renault , Paris 1971
• Ulrich Knaack: Renault passenger car since 1945 , 1st edition, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-613-02339-3 (type compass)
• Renault: a century of tradition in the top class ; [Homage to Safrane], Régie Nationale des Usines Renault <Boulogne-Billancourt>, Paris: Ed. Mango, 1992
• Jean-Louis Loubet: Renault: histoire d'une entreprise , Boulogne-Billancourt: ETAI, 2000

Web links

Commons : Renault  - collection of images

• Groupe Renault website (English)
  • Renault Germany website
  • Renault Austria website
  • Renault Switzerland website
  • Renault Trucks Germany website
  • Renault Trucks Switzerland website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Facts & Figures. (PDF) Retrieved May 16, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Groupe Renault: Consolidated Financial Statements 2019. (PDF) 2020, p. 3 , accessed on May 16, 2020 (English). 
3. ↑ New registrations of passenger cars from 2005 to 2014 by country of origin and selected brands. (PDF) In: Statistische Mitteilungen des Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt FZ 18, 2014. Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt, June 2015, p. 4 , accessed on August 31, 2015 . 
4. ^ Forbes Global 2000 . In: Forbes . ( Online [accessed November 20, 2017]).
5. ↑ cf. Renault: a century of tradition in the top class
6. ↑ The new main plant on Séguin, history presentation on Renault.de; Retrieved on January 27, 2011 ( Memento of November 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
7. ^ Armin Bauer: Porsche Schlepper 1937 to 1966. Schwungrad Verlag, Obershagen 2003, ISBN 3-933426-11-1 .
8. ^ Suicide series at Renault , télépolis, 2007
9. ↑ Renault is complicit in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, December 18, 2009
10. ↑ Renault-Daimler cooperation on Renault.de (accessed on July 17, 2010)
11. ↑ ZE models from Renault on Renault-ze.com  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ), accessed on February 10, 2011
12. ↑ Conti-Teves: E-motors for Renault. Retrieved June 13, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Stephan Janouch Electronics automotive Sep. 2012, p. 21.
14. ↑ https://group.renault.com/ ( Memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
15. ↑ Renault increases production capacities in Brazil , www.brasilnews.de, accessed on October 9, 2011
16. ↑ RENAULT SA share | Company profile | Dates | A14P3H | US7596734035. Retrieved May 15, 2018 . 
17. ↑ ^{a b c d} Der Spiegel 33/2012 Dietmar Hawranek, Isabell Hülsen : Curse of the stove premium . DER SPIEGEL of August 13, 2012, p. 56f.
18. ↑ Michael Kläsgen: Renault relies on super cheap , sueddeutsche.de from February 10, 2012, accessed on February 11, 2012
19. ↑ Group.Renault.com: Key Figures , accessed November 6, 2019
20. ^ Mathias Brunner: Renault in Paris: Follow the press conference. Speedweek.com, February 3, 2016, accessed February 3, 2016 . 
21. ↑ Rocket League World Champion: NRG makes the race. In: gaming-grounds.de. December 16, 2019, accessed on December 16, 2019 (German). 
22. ↑ handelsblatt.com: New mid-size sedan Renault Talisman
23. ↑ autobild: Renault Talisman
24. ↑ Press kit of the manufacturer. (No longer available online.) Renault.com, July 6, 2015, formerly the original ; accessed on October 4, 2016 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  
25. ↑ Kangoo Elektro is Van of the Year 2012 , Verkehrsrundschau, November 25, 2011, accessed on December 5, 2013
26. ↑ spiegel.de from January 24, 2019, This man should lead Renault into the future , accessed on September 28, 2019.

Coordinates: 48 ° 49 ′ 53.4 "  N , 2 ° 13 ′ 43.7"  E