Wilhelm Krieger (sculptor)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bronze sculpture by Wilhelm Krieger

Wilhelm Siegmund Anton Louis Krieger (born June 2, 1877 in Norderney , † September 14, 1945 in Herrsching am Ammersee ) was a German sculptor .

Life

Wilhelm Krieger lived as a student with relatives in the north and attended the Ulrichsgymnasium there . He left without completing school and began a three-year apprenticeship as a decorative painter in Bremen . He intended, like his childhood friend Poppe Folkerts to become an artist, he studied in 1906 and 1907 briefly at the School of Applied Arts in Munich , however, the study broke landscape painting's sake, and formed from about 1901 self-taught sculptor continued.

Two years later he became a partner in the Zierhut & Krieger company in Munich , which supplied handicrafts such as tableware and jewelry. He began to devote himself to animal sculpture and worked as a freelancer for the ceramic workshops in Herrsching, where he purchased a piece of land.

In 1912 Krieger married the drawing teacher and ceramicist Emilie Butters. Butters, born in Neustadt an der Haardt in 1879 , was a ceramic artist and drawing teacher. After a two-year apprenticeship at the Munich School of Applied Arts , she began in 1905 to study at the teaching and experimental studios for applied and free art , a Munich art school named after Wilhelm von Debschitz . She was one of the first students in a ceramic workshop set up there in 1907 under the direction of Clara Trueb , which commercially produced plates, vases and small sculptures. From 1911 she was artistic director of the painting department of the ceramic workshops in Herrsching. In 1916, two years after its closure, she returned to her first profession as a teacher. The couple had five children.

Wilhelm Krieger was a member of the United Workshops for Art in Crafts , a Munich workshop company that was one of the founders of the German Werkbund , which still exists today . From 1907 he participated in exhibitions of the Munich Secession and before the First World War in the great Berlin art exhibitions . From 1913 he exhibited in the Munich Glass Palace , which in 1927 acquired his work “Bussard, standing”. That same year, Wilhelm Krieger was by the Bavarian Ministry of Culture of the title of professor honoris causa awarded. From 1937 to 1944, Krieger took part in the annual Great German Art Exhibition in the Haus der Kunst , which was planned in Munich by his architect Paul Ludwig Troost at the instigation of Adolf Hitler . In the house, according to the National Socialists, “real” German art was to be presented.

Wilhelm Krieger died in Herrsching on September 14, 1945, his wife in 1962.

plant

Mortimer G. Davidson places Wilhelm Krieger in a row with other important sculptors and artists of his time, such as Max Bernuth , Fritz Behn , Rudolf Leptien , Fritz Wrampe and Max Esser . His sculptures mostly show mammals native to Germany and often birds. They were made in bronze , brass , stone and porcelain . Warrior's few human figures include depictions of his wife and one of his daughters in porcelain. Clotilde von Derp (1892–1974), an early representative of modern dance , who had also lived in Munich since 1900, was the model for two dancer figures in porcelain.

The first porcelain designs for the United Workshops were created together with the Jena sculptor Martha Bergemann-Könitzer (1874–1955). It was crockery with underglaze painting , which was manufactured by the Rosenthal porcelain factory and exhibited in Turin in 1902, in Düsseldorf and in Munich in 1905. While Krieger's early porcelain animal sculptures were inspired by Art Nouveau , later works show the influence of Adolf von Hildebrand .

The lifelike quality of Kriegers animal sculptures has often been appreciated. They "[...] show with the strictest stylization (smooth surfaces outlined by sharp contours) an extraordinarily convincing expression of the truth of life."

Wilhelm Krieger's designs were made by the art department of Lorenz Hutschenreuther AG in Selb, by the Central German steelworks, the image casting department in Lauchhammer, the Thuringian porcelain factory Gebrüder Heubach in Lichte, the Grootenburg pottery, Paul Dresler in Krefeld, the porcelain factory Allach and the ceramic workshops Otto Koebcke executed in Herrsching.

In 2014, a large part of Krieger's work was transferred from the artist's family to the Zoological State Collection in Munich . The Zoological State Collection shows the works of Krieger together with the work of students (Institute for Art Education of the LMU) in its rooms.

Quote

“[The sculptures] reveal the deepest understanding not only of the body structure of the animals, but also of their character. They are definitely portraits of expressive resemblance - you think you know them all personally - but at the same time they are fully-fledged representatives of their genre, since everything that is accidental is absent here, but the essentials are expressed in clear, solid forms. These animals are not related to humans. What is it to humans? "

- Ludwig Heck : Kosmos , No. 10, 1921

Exhibitions

literature

  • Warrior, Wilhelm . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 21 : Knip – Kruger . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1927, p. 534 .
  • Warrior, Wilhelm . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 6 , supplements H-Z . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1962, p. 169 .
  • Gerhard P. Woeckel: The animal sculpture of the Nymphenburg porcelain manufactory. Inventory catalog 1905–1920 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-422-00696-6 .
  • Sally Schöne: Emilie Butters and her work at the ceramic workshops in Herrsching 1909 to 1914 . In: Keramos. Journal of the Gesellschaft der Keramikfreunde eV Düsseldorf . Issue 152, 1996, ISSN  0453-7580 , p. 23-34 .
  • Ellen Mey: Under the sign of the lion. Porcelain made by artists; the art department Lorenz Hutschenreuther, Selb, 1918–1945 . Ed .: Wilhelm Siemen. German Porcelain Museum Hohenberg an der Eger, Hohenberg an der Eger 2009, ISBN 978-3-940027-00-9 .
  • Manfred Bätje, Martin H. Schmidt: Wilhelm Krieger: animal sculptor and professor. Edited by Martin H. Schmidt, BOD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-1284-7 .
  • Hajo Krieger, Martin H. Schmidt (Ed.): Wilhelm Krieger - animal sculptor. Catalog of the known works (= reports of the friends of the Zoological State Collection Munich. Volume 4). Verlagdruckerei Schmidt, Neustadt / Aisch 2014, ISBN 978-3-87707-939-3 .

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Krieger  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Bätje; Martin H. Schmidt: Wilhelm Krieger: animal sculptor and professor . Edited by Martin H. Schmidt, BOD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-1284-7 , p. 21.
  2. ↑ Manfred Bätje; Martin H. Schmidt: Wilhelm Krieger: animal sculptor and professor . Edited by Martin H. Schmidt, BOD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-1284-7 , p. 15.
  3. ^ Friends of the North Sea Spa Museum Norderney; Museums-Nachrichten 2/2010: My cradle was on Norderney. (PDF; 1.9 MB) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 24, 2011 ; Retrieved June 9, 2011 .
  4. ↑ Sally Schöne: Emilie Butters and her work at the ceramic workshops in Herrsching 1909 to 1914 . In: Keramos. Journal of the Society of Ceramic Friends EV Düsseldorf . Issue 152, 1996, ISSN  0453-7580 , p. 23-34 .
  5. ↑ a b c Ellen Mey: In the sign of the lion. Porcelain made by artists; the art department Lorenz Hutschenreuther, Selb, 1918–1945 . Ed .: Wilhelm Siemen. German Porcelain Museum Hohenberg an der Eger, Hohenberg an der Eger 2009, ISBN 978-3-940027-00-9 , p. 164 .
  6. ↑ Manfred Bätje; Martin H. Schmidt: Wilhelm Krieger: animal sculptor and professor . Edited by Martin H. Schmidt, BOD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-1284-7 , p. 19.
  7. ^ Roland Günter: "The German Werkbund and its members 1907-2007"; at: Deutscher Werkbund North Rhine-Westphalia. Retrieved June 10, 2011 .
  8. ^ German art and decoration. Retrieved June 10, 2011 (Volume 30, 1927, Issue 12).
  9. ↑ Press release on the exhibition “The Legacy of Professor Wilhelm Krieger” in the German Hunting and Fishing Museum in Munich, March 2011. Accessed on June 11, 2011 .
  10. ^ Karl Arndt: The Munich architecture scene 1933/34 as an aesthetic-political field of conflict . In: Martin Broszat, Elke Fröhlich and Anton Grossmann (eds.): Bavaria in the Nazi era. Vol. III: Domination and Society in Conflict. Oldenbourg, Munich 1981, ISBN 978-3-486-42381-5 , pp. 443-484.
  11. ^ Daniel Zaidan: Fine arts in the Third Reich: A critical examination of a neglected chapter of German art history . Diplomica Verlag, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8366-6208-6 , p. 32 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  12. ^ Ines Schlenker: Hitler's Salon: The Great German Art Exhibition at the House of German Art in Munich 1937–1944; in: German linguistic and cultural studies . tape 20 . Peter Lang AG, Bern 2007, ISBN 978-3-03910-905-0 , p. 231 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  13. ↑ Bielefeld University press release No. 47/2004: Two artist couples - exhibition in the university library. Retrieved June 9, 2011 .
  14. ^ Mortimer G. Davidson: Art in Germany 1933–1945. A Scientific Encyclopedia of Art in the Third Reich . tape 1 . Grabert Verlag, Tübingen 1988, ISBN 3-87847-089-4 , p. 20 .
  15. ↑ Ellen Mey: In the sign of the lion. Porcelain made by artists; the art department Lorenz Hutschenreuther, Selb, 1918–1945 . Ed .: Wilhelm Siemen. German Porcelain Museum Hohenberg an der Eger, Hohenberg an der Eger 2009, ISBN 978-3-940027-00-9 , p. 166 .
  16. ^ University of Jena: List of memorial plaques in Jena. Retrieved June 17, 2011 .
  17. ↑ a b Ellen Mey: In the sign of the lion. Porcelain made by artists; the art department Lorenz Hutschenreuther, Selb, 1918–1945 . Ed .: Wilhelm Siemen. German Porcelain Museum Hohenberg an der Eger, Hohenberg an der Eger 2009, ISBN 978-3-940027-00-9 , p. 164 f .
  18. ↑ Gerhard P. Woeckel: The animal sculpture of Nymphenburg Porcelain Manufactory: Inventory Catalog 1905-1920 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-422-00696-6 , p. 27 .
  19. ↑ Krieger, Wilhelm . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 21 : Knip – Kruger . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1927, p. 534 .
  20. ↑ Hajo Krieger; Martin H. Schmidt Ed .: Wilhelm Krieger - animal sculptor. Catalog of known works . Verlagdruckerei Schmidt, Neustadt / Aisch |, 2014, ISBN 978-3-87707-939-3 . Reports of the Friends of the Munich State Zoological Collection ZSM, Volume 4, ISSN  1436-6819 , p. 12.
  21. ↑ Manfred Bätje, Martin H. Schmidt: Wilhelm Krieger: animal sculptor and professor. Edited by Martin H. Schmidt, BOD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-1284-7 , p. 103.
personal data
SURNAME Warrior, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krieger, Wilhelm Siegmund Anton Louis (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH June 2, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH on Norderney
DATE OF DEATH September 14, 1945
Place of death Herrsching am Ammersee