Multipurpose train
The multi-purpose hoist , rope hoist , Greifzug or Habegger , on the left bank of the Rhine also lifting hoist , is a device for lifting or pulling loads and is often used by aid organizations such as the fire brigade or THW . In contrast to the cable winch (also mechanical pulling device ), the multi-purpose hoist is not permanently mounted, for example on a vehicle, but is transportable.
The colloquial name of the multi-purpose train comes from the manufacturing companies Tractel Greifzug GmbH and Willy Habegger . The Austrian fire brigade only uses the term Greifzug, the Swiss Habegger, the term multi-purpose train is rather unknown there. In Germany, the multi-purpose train is also known regionally as the “Luxemburger”. The relevant standard for Germany is DIN 14800-5; This defines the two standardized multi-purpose train variants MZ 16 and MZ 32.
function
To work with a multi-purpose hoist, a special steel cable is pulled through a pulling device, which is conical in shape at one end and a load hook or load pin at the other end.
Two clamping devices transport the rope through the device by moving an operating lever (a lever tube) back and forth. The principle of self-locking works : the stronger the load to be pulled or lifted, the tighter the two clamping devices (pairs of clamping jaws) pull together, so the rope cannot slip back.
To release the tension or to release loads, the direction of transport of the rope can be reversed at any time: for this purpose, the lever tube is placed on the second operating lever. There, the forward and backward movements cause the pairs of clamping jaws to transport the pull rope in the opposite direction.
If the applied force exceeds the nominal tensile force by about 25%, a metal pin as a predetermined breaking point in the feed lever is destroyed. The rope can only be pulled again after the shear pin has been replaced, provided that the attached load has been reduced or the tensile force has been reduced by installing a pulley block . It should be noted that only original pins from the manufacturer may be used, otherwise the load defined for the predetermined breaking point may no longer be correct. It is still possible to lower the load even if the overload protection device is broken.
The multi-purpose hoists from common manufacturers are designed for 8, 16 or 32 kN pulling force. Usually a safety factor of five is given: the multi-purpose train should be able to hold at least five times the maximum tensile force.
The multi-purpose hoist works with constant safety in every position and direction, i.e. horizontally, diagonally or vertically and is therefore more versatile than, for example, a cable winch permanently installed on a vehicle , especially since the multi-purpose hoist is packed in a box, even through rough terrain a remote site can be transported.
If the multi-purpose hoist is used in the area where there is no possibility of attachment to a fixed point, then the ground anchoring with pegs is used for attachment.
origin
The multi-purpose train was invented by Simon Faure, who on September 5, 1945 applied for a patent for a “wire rope pulling and lifting device” in France. In 1948, the company Secalt was founded in Luxembourg, which produces the device and sells it under the brand name Tirfor (from French tirer "to pull", to "strong"). Soon numerous subsidiaries were founded abroad, including the German Greifzug GmbH and the American Griphoist Inc. These companies belong to the globally operating Tractel Group with headquarters in Luxembourg.
A multi-purpose train in action
Multipurpose hoist (grab hoist) with 30 kN pulling force
A multi-purpose train for the construction of the Thun ice rink
literature
- Ferdinand Treutzel: Die Rote Hefte, booklet 3b - lines, ropes, hoists; Part II: Pulling and Lifting . 15th edition. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-17-018534-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Standard overview page for a multi-purpose train on din.de
- ↑ a b Basic training for the Cologne fire brigade