List of satellite camps of Auschwitz I (main camp)
Map of the SS area of interest
Initially, the Auschwitz I concentration camp (main camp) included a large number of satellite camps . In November 1943, the Buna subcamp was given its own administration and named " Auschwitz III (Monowitz) ". Other satellite camps of KL Auschwitz I, which belonged to industrial plants, were assigned to him. The satellite camps attached to the agricultural operations of the Auschwitz concentration camp were organizationally assigned to the Auschwitz II (Birkenau) concentration camp until November 1944, until the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp was again subordinated to the main camp.
List of the Auschwitz subcamps
The subsidiary camps were sometimes referred to as "labor camps", "satellite camps", "branch camps" or "external commandos". Their functions within the overall complex of the Auschwitz camps also varied. In the beginning it could also be that a camp was not yet subordinate to the Auschwitz I concentration camp, but to a local SS "police" station.
The following complete list includes all 47 concentration camp sub-camps that were part of the overall complex of Auschwitz camps during the occupation:
| designation | Location | Activity, assigned production facilities | Number of inmates | Installation | Closure / Liberation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altdorf | Stara Wieś (Altdorf) near Pszczyna (Pless) | Forest work; Authority: Oberforstamt Pless | almost 20 | October 1, 1942 | November 30, 1943 |
| Old hammer | Stara Kuźnia (old hammer) | Construction of a thermal power plant (today's "Halemba" power plant) | 486 (January 17, 1945) | September 15, 1944 | January 1945 |
| Babitz | Babice (Babitz) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate | 159 male (January 17, 1945) and around 180 female (summer 1944) prisoners | March 1, 1943 | January 18, 1945 |
| Birkenau | Brzezinka (Birkenau) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate | 204 (January 17 1945) | 1943 | January 1945 |
| Bismarckhütte | Chorzów (King's Hut) | Work in the "Bismarckhütte" in the production of weapons and armored vehicles; Company: Berghütte Königs- und Bismarckhütte AG | 192 (January 17, 1945) | September 1, 1944 | January 27, 1945 |
| Tin hammer | Blachownia Śląska (Tin Hammer) near Koźle , a district of Kędzierzyn-Koźle | Chemical plant construction; Company: Oberschlesische Hydrierwerke AG | 3958 male (January 17, 1945) and 157 female prisoners (December 30, 1944) | April 1, 1944 | January 26, 1945 |
| Bobrek | Bobrek near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Production of electrical fittings for aircraft and submarines; Company: Siemens-Schuckertwerke AG | 213 male (January 17, 1945) and 38 female prisoners (December 30, 1944) | April / May 1944 (employment of prisoners from December 1943) | January 19, 1945 |
| Brno | Brno , then Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia | Construction work on the Technical Academy of the SS and the police; Employer: SS-WVHA, Amt C, construction management Brno | 250 (October 1943), 36 (January 17, 1945) | October 1, 1943 | January 1945 / March 31, 1945 |
| Budy | Budy / Bór ( Brzeszcze ) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate | several hundred female prisoners | April 1943 | Autumn 1944 |
| Budy | Budy / Bór ( Brzeszcze ) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate | 313 | April 1942 | January 1945 (with a break in autumn / winter 1942/43) |
| Budy | Budy / Bór ( Brzeszcze ) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate for irrigation (digging trenches) as well as cleaning and deepening fish ponds | about 400 female prisoners of the penal company (summer 1942) | June 1942 | Spring 1943 |
| Charlottengrube | Rydułtowy (Rydultau) | Work in the “Charlotte” mine in coal production and in the expansion of the mine; Company: Reichswerke Hermann Göring | 833 (January 17, 1945) | September 19, 1944 | January 31, 1945 |
| Chelmek | Chełmek (Chelmek) | Working at a shoe factory (deepening and cleaning the pond / water reservoir); Company: Ota Schlesische Schuh-Werke (formerly "Bata") | about 150 | October 1, 1942 | December 9, 1942 |
| Eintrachthütte | Świętochłowice (Schwientochlowitz) | Work in the "Eintrachthütte" in the manufacture of anti-aircraft guns; Companies: OSMAG and Ost-Maschinenbau | 1297 (January 17, 1945) | May 1943 / June 7, 1943 | January 23, 1945 |
| Freudenthal | Bruntál (Freudenthal), then Reichsgau Sudetenland | Processing of fruit; Company: Emmerich Machold | 301 female prisoners (December 30, 1944) | 1944 | January 1945 / May 8, 1945 |
| Fürstengrube | Wesoła (Prince's Pit) near Mysłowice (Myslowitz) | Work in the “Fürstengrube” mine in coal production and the excavation of new pits; Company: Fürstengrube GmbH | 1283 (January 17, 1945) | September 2, 1943 | January 29, 1945 |
| Gliwice I | Gliwice (Gliwice) | Repair of the railway fleet; Company: Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk Gleiwitz | 1336 (January 17, 1945) | March 1944 | January 21, 1945 |
| Gliwice II | Gliwice (Gliwice) | Work in carbon black production (women), repair and maintenance of the machine park, expansion of factories (men); Company: Deutsche Gasrußwerke GmbH | 740 male (January 17, 1945) and 371 female (December 30, 1944) prisoners | May 3, 1944 | January 22, 1945 |
| Gliwice III | Gliwice (Gliwice) | Work in the Gleiwitzer Hütte in the repair of the halls and then in the manufacture of weapons, ammunition and railway wheels; Company: Zieliewski - Maschinen- und Waggonbau GmbH, Krakow | 609 (January 17, 1945) | July 1944 | January 21, 1945 |
| Gliwice IV | Gliwice (Gliwice) | Expansion of a barracks as well as repair and conversion of military vehicles | 444 (January 17, 1945) | June 1944 | January 21, 1945 |
| Golleschau | Goleszów (Golleschau) | Work in an SS cement factory; Company: Ostdeutsche Baustoffwerke GmbH - Golleschauer Portland Zement AG | 1008 (January 17, 1945) | July 15, 1942 | January 21, 1945 |
| Günthergrube | Lędziny (Lendzin) | Work in the “Piast” mine in coal production and the excavation of the “Günther” mine; Company: Fürstlich-Plessische Bergwerks AG | 586 (January 17, 1945) | February 1, 1944 | January 19, 1945 |
| Harmense | Harmęże (Harmense) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate (poultry, rabbit and fish farming) | about 70 male prisoners | December 8, 1941 | January 18, 1945 |
| Harmense | Harmęże (Harmense) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an estate of the SS (poultry and rabbit breeding) | about 50 female prisoners | June 1942 | January 18, 1945 |
| Hindenburg | Zabrze (Hindenburg) | Work in the "Donnersmarckhütte" in the manufacture of weapons and ammunition; Company: United Oberschlesische Hüttenwerke AG | 50 male (January 17, 1945) and 470 female (December 30, 1944) prisoners | August 1, 1944 | January 19, 1945 |
| Hubertushütte | Łagiewniki Śląskie (Hohenlinde) | Work in the "Hubertushütte"; Company: Berghütte Königs- und Bismarckhütte AG | 202 (January 17, 1945) | December 20, 1944 | January 19, 1945 |
| Janina Pit | Libiąż | Work in the "Janina" mine in coal production; Company: Fürstengrube GmbH | 853 (January 17, 1945) | September 4, 1943 | January 18, 1945 |
| Jawischowitz | Jawiszowice (Jawischowitz) near Brzeszcze | Work in the mine "Brzeszcze-Jawischowitz" in coal production and construction work above ground; Company: Reichswerke Hermann Göring | 1988 (January 17, 1945) | August 15, 1942 | January 19, 1945 |
| Kobier | Kobiór (Kobier) | Forest work; Authority: Oberforstamt Pless | 158 (April 25, 1943) | October 1, 1942 | September 30, 1943 |
| Lagisha | Łagisza (Lagischa) | Construction of the thermal power station "Walter"; Company: Energie -versorgung Oberschlesien AG | about 1000 | June 15, 1943 / September 1943 | September 6, 1944 |
| Laurahütte | Siemianowice (Siemianowitz) | Work in the "Laurahütte" in the manufacture of anti-aircraft guns; Company: Berghütte Königs- und Bismarckhütte AG | 937 (January 17, 1945) | April 1, 1944 | January 24, 1945 |
| Become lights | Světlá (Lichtvard), then Reichsgau Sudetenland | Work in a thread factory; Company: GA Buhl and Son | 300 female prisoners (December 30, 1944) | November 11, 1944 | January 1945 / May 6, 1945 |
| Monowitz (Buna) | Monowice (Monowitz) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Construction of a chemical plant; Company: IG Farbenindustrie AG | 10223 (January 17, 1945) | May 31, 1942 / October 1942 (employment from March / April 1941) | January 27, 1945 |
| New Badger | Jaworzno | Work in the hard coal mines in Jaworzno and construction of the “Wilhelm” power plant; Company: Energieversorgung Oberschlesien AG | 3664 (January 17, 1945) | June 15, 1943 | January 19, 1945 |
| Neustadt | Prudnik (Neustadt, Upper Silesia) | Work in a textile factory; Company: Schlesische Feinweberei AG | 399 female prisoners (December 30, 1944) | September 26, 1944 | January 19, 1945 |
| Plawy | Pławy (Plawy) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate | 138 male (January 17, 1945) and around 200 female (January 1945) prisoners | December 20, 1944 (men), January 3, 1945 (women) | January 18, 1945 |
| Radostowitz | Radostowice (Radostowitz) near Pszczyna (Pless) | Forest work; Authority: Oberforstamt Pless | about 20 | 1942 | 1943 (with a break in the winter of 1942/43) |
| Raisko | Rajsko (Raisko) near Oświęcim (Auschwitz) | Work on an SS estate (horticulture, experimental planting of Kok-Saghys ) | about 300 female prisoners (1944) | June 1943 | January 1945 |
| Sonderkommando Katowitz | Katowice (Katowice) | Construction of air raid shelters and barracks for the Gestapo | 10 | January 20, 1944 | January 31, 1945 |
| Sosnitza | Sośnica (Sosnitza, Gleiwitz-Oehringen) | Demolition of the buildings of a prisoner of war camp | about 30 | July 1940 | August 1940 |
| Sosnowitz I | Sosnowiec (Sosnowitz) | Renovation of an office building
- Marktstr. 12 (ulica Targowa 12) |
100 | August 31, 1943 | January 17, 1945 |
| Sosnowitz II | Sosnowiec (Sosnowitz) | Work in an ironworks casting tubes for anti-aircraft guns and making grenades; Company: Berghütte Ost-Maschinenbau GmbH | 863 (January 17, 1945) | May 1944 | January 17, 1945 |
| 2. SS construction train in Karlsruhe | Karlsruhe | Clearing debris and repairing railway tracks; Authority: Office C of the SS-WVHA | about 500 | September 1944 | October 1944 |
| SS hut Porombka | Międzybrodzie | Construction and supply of an SS vacation home (" Solahütte ") | a few dozen male prisoners during construction, some female prisoners during operation | Autumn (October / November) 1940 | January 1945 |
| Trzebinia | Trzebinia | Expansion of a refinery; Company: Erdöl Raffinerie GmbH | 641 (January 17, 1945) | July 1, 1944 / August 1944 | January 31, 1945 |
| Chekhovitz I (Bomb Search Command) | Czechowice-Dziedzice | Clearance of duds in the refinery and on the adjacent premises; Company: Vacuum Oil Company | about 100 | August 1944 | September 1944 |
| Chekhovitz II (Vacuum) | Czechowice-Dziedzice | Clearing away rubble, refinery maintenance; Company: Vacuum Oil Company | 561 (January 17, 1945) | September 1944 | January 1945 |
photos
Blechhammer subcamp, crematorium (2007)
Jawischowitz subcamp, remains of a barracks (2006)
IG Farbenwerke Monowitz (1941)
Sosnowitz II "RADOCHA LAGER" subcamp
SS vacation home Solahütte (before 1945)
.jpg)
Documentaries
- Auschwitz - The Project (France, 2017, 57 min, directed by E. Weiss, German and French versions) - an overview of the spatial expansion of the Auschwitz concentration camp buildings from 1940 to 1945 (pictures of sub-camps and forced labor in industry and agriculture ) in the occupied region west of Krakow using aerial photographs from the present.
literature
- Franciszek Piper , Teresa Świebocka (editor): Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. Ed .: State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau, 2011, 492 pp., ISBN 978-83-88526-28-2 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Sybille Steinbacher : Auschwitz: Geschichte und Nachgeschichte , Verlag CH Beck , Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-50833-2 , p. 49.
- ^ Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. Pp. 177-181.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Federal Ministry of Justice: List of concentration camps and their external commandos in accordance with Section 42 (2) BEG
- ^ Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. P. 177.
- ↑ a b c In Budy there were a total of three external detachments. The Budy settlement is now part of the city of Brzeszcze .
- ↑ a b Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. P. 178.
- ↑ a b In Harmense there were a total of two external detachments.
- ↑ a b Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. P. 179.
- ^ Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. P. 180.
- ↑ See also the article on the head of the Raisko subcamp, Joachim Caesar , agricultural scientist and SS leader.
- ↑ The prisoners were housed in freight cars. Around October 10, 1944, the 2nd SS construction train was placed under the Buchenwald concentration camp , a few days later in “7. SS-Eisenbahnbaubrigade "renamed and relocated to Stuttgart (Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist Extermination Camp. P. 181).
- ^ Photographs in the “ Auschwitz Album ”.
- ^ Piper / Świebocka: Auschwitz. National Socialist extermination camp. P. 181.