Trzebinia
Trzebinia | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Lesser Poland | |
Powiat : | Chrzanowski | |
Gmina : | Trzebinia | |
Area : | 31.30 km² | |
Geographic location : | 50 ° 10 ′ N , 19 ° 28 ′ E | |
Height : | 270-470 m npm | |
Residents : | 20,007 (Dec. 31, 2016) | |
Postal code : | 32-540 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | |
License plate : | KCH | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Street : | A4 : Katowice - Krakow | |
Rail route : | Jaworzno Szczakowa – Krakow | |
Trzebinia – Oświęcim | ||
Next international airport : | Krakow |
Trzebinia is a town in Poland in the Chrzanowski powiat in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship , 36 km west of Krakow . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with a little over 34,000 inhabitants.
Primo Levi mentions the city in his autobiographical book “Die Atempause” after he left Auschwitz after the liberation on the way back to Italy.
geography
The city lies on the border of the Kraków-Czestochowa Jura in the east and the Silesian Highlands in the west. The neighboring towns are the city of Chrzanów in the southwest, Luszowice and the city of Jaworzno in the west, the city of Bukowno in the north, Czyżówka, Myślachowice and Młoszowa in the east, and Piła Kościelecka in the south.
history
The place was first mentioned in 1326 as the parish Trebina in the Peterspfennigregister in the dean's office Auschwitz of the diocese of Krakow . The name refers to a place that arose after the clearing in a forest, but a name indicating possession can be derived from the personal name Trzeba .
From 1415 the place belonged to Mikołaj (Nikolaus) Kezinger from Kraków , who received the mining and Magdeburg rights for Trzebinia from King Władysław II Jagiełło .
The place initially belonged to the Kingdom of Poland (from 1569 in the aristocratic republic of Poland-Lithuania ), Krakow Voivodeship , Proszowice district (later Kraków district). During the third partition of Poland in 1795, Trzebinia became part of the Habsburg Empire . In the years 1815–1846 the city belonged to the Republic of Krakow , in 1846 it was annexed again as part of the Grand Duchy of Krakow to the countries of the Austrian Empire. From 1855 Trzebinia belonged to the Chrzanów District . At that time industrialization developed there , which was summarized as Zagłębie Krakowskie (= Cracow mining district , compare also Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in Congress Poland ). Many Jews settled in Trzebinia, and by 1870 made up the majority of the town's residents.
In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Trzebinia became part of Poland. This was only interrupted by the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II . It then belonged to the district of Krenau in the administrative district of Katowice in the province of Silesia (since 1941 province of Upper Silesia ). From 1975 to 1998 Trzebinia was part of the Katowice Voivodeship .
local community
The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) includes the city of Trzebinia and ten villages with school authorities.
coat of arms
Description : In Blue pole looking a split and split red and gold notched narrow Tatzenkreuz a lying red-gold divided Crescent and in these tinctures faceted six-pointed star .
Personalities
- Antonina Hoffmann (1842–1897), actress
- Boruch Szlezinger (* 1923), Holocaust survivor
- Jan Fryderyk Dobrowolski (* 1944), pianist and composer.