Brzeszcze

Brzeszcze
	Brzeszcze
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Lesser Poland
Powiat :	Oświęcimski
Gmina :	Brzeszcze
Area :	19.17  km²
Geographic location :	50 ° 0 ′  N , 19 ° 9 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 19 ° 9 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents :	11,430 (Dec. 31, 2016)
Postal code :	32-620
Telephone code :	(+48) 32
License plate :	KOS
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Krakow-Balice
administration
Website :	www.brzeszcze.pl

Brzeszcze ( Vilamovian language Brejskia ) is a town in Oświęcim County in the Malopolska province in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with around 21,500 inhabitants.

geography

Old municipal office from 1910, now town hall

Brzeszcze is 7 km southwest of Oświęcim and 32 km southeast of Katowice and has an area of ​​19.17 km².

history

The first written mention comes from 1443 as Brescze . According to the latest research by Przemysław Stanko, the first settlers came from Flanders , but the name, of Slavic origin , derives from the mountain elm , in Polish wiąz górski , historically brzost .

Politically, the village originally belonged to the Duchy of Auschwitz under feudal rule of the Kingdom of Bohemia . In 1457 the duchy with the village of Brzescze was bought by the Polish king.

In 1564 Brzeszcze was completely incorporated as part of the new Silesia District of the Krakow Voivodeship to the Kingdom of Poland , from 1569 the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic .

The village was destroyed during the Polish-Swedish wars . In 1772, when Poland was first partitioned , Brzeszcze came under Austrian administration. From 1782 the village belonged to the Myslenice district (1819 with the seat in Wadowice ). After the abolition of patrimonial it formed a parish in the Biała District from 1850 . In 1903 the construction of a coal mine in the south of the village near the border with Jawiszowice began. At that time the village had 1500 inhabitants, who lived mainly from agriculture. The colliery had around 450 employees in 1908, by 1912 it was already 1225. At that time, the first workers' settlement (today Stara Kolonia ) was built. The number of employees fluctuated greatly in the years after the First World War .

During the Second World War , the Jawischowitz concentration camp was located here , a satellite camp of the Auschwitz concentration camp . In the course of the Germanization of the annexed area, it was planned to rename Brzeszcze in the Bielitz district to Ulmenau , but this never came into force.

In 1962 Brzeszcze received town charter. The city grew strongly with the development of the village Jawiszowice. At the beginning of the seventies the population rose to over 10,000. From 1975 to 1998 the village belonged to the Katowice Voivodeship .

Town twinning

• Londa , Italy , since 2008

Economy and Transport

Brzeszcze coal mine

The main economic activity in Brzeszcze is coal mining, the Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Brzeszcze-Silesia is based here.

The Trzebinia – Zebrzydowice railway and the Droga wojewódzka 933 ( DW933 ) and DW949 run through the village .

local community

The urban and rural community has an area of ​​46.13 km² and includes the city and five villages with Schulzenamt.

→ Main article : Gmina Brzeszcze

Web links

Commons : Brzeszcze  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

• Wojciech Janusz (editor): Szkice z przeszłości Brzeszcz, Jawiszowic, Przecieszyna, Skidzinia, Wilczkowic i Zasola . Brzeszcze 2004, ISBN 83-921561-0-2 (Polish).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Tomasz Jurek (editor): BRZESZCZE ( pl ) In: Słownik Historyczno-Geograficzny Ziem Polskich w Średniowieczu. Edycja elektroniczna . PAN . 2010-2016. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
2. ↑ Heimatverein Brzeszcze ( Memento of the original from April 29, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ Szkice ... , p.15, Przemysław Szkaradnik
4. ^ Krzysztof Rafał Prokop: Księstwa oświęcimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438-1513. Dzieje polityczne . PAU , Kraków 2002, ISBN 83-8885731-2 , p. 151 (Polish).
5. ^ "Territorial.de" -> "municipalities", -> "Brzeszcze" , see also the German course book from 1944, route 149
6. ↑ Dz.U. 1975 no 17 poz. 92 (Polish) (PDF; 802 kB)
7. ↑ Official website of the municipality of Londa, accessed on January 26, 2010 Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.