Duy Tân

Duy Tân ( 維新 )
Prince name	Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh San ( 阮福永 珊 )
Personal name	Nguyễn Phúc Hoảng ( 阮 福 晃 )
Born	August 3, 1900
Died	December 26, 1945
Term of office	September 5, 1907 to May 13, 1916 (dismissal)
Ara designation	Duy Tân ( 維新 )
Temple name	-
Posthumous name	-
Resting place	Lăng Dục Đức , Huế
Era period	September 5, 1907 to May 18, 1916

Emperor Duy Tân ( Hán tự : 維新 ; * August 3, 1900 in Huế ; † December 26, 1945 at Mbaïki , today ZAR ) was the eleventh emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty . On September 5, 1907, he was enthroned as emperor and held this office until his dismissal on May 13, 1916. His real name was Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh San, also Nguy Phn Phúc Hoảng, as an acronym he chose “Duy Tân”, which means “ Friend of reforms ”. His era under this motto began on September 5, 1907 and ended on May 18, 1916.

Instead of the "Emperor of Vietnam", Duy Tân, like the other late emperors of the dynasty, is also known as the "Emperor of Annam " or - instigated by France - "King of Annam". The family name "Nguyễn Phúc" also occurs as "Nguyễn Phước".

Duy Tân was one of only two emperors of the Nguyễn dynasty who were widely respected and popular in Vietnam.

biography

Prince Vĩnh San was the son of Emperor Thành Thái . Because of his resistance to the French government and his erratic actions, he was declared insane and in 1907 he was exiled to Vũng Tau . The French decided to hand over the throne to his only seven-year-old son, Prince Vĩnh San, because they thought such a young emperor would be easy to influence and control pro-French.

That was a mistake. As Duy Tân got older, he noticed that although he was treated as an emperor, colonial authorities were actually being obeyed. As a youth, Emperor Duy Tân came under the influence of the mandarin Trần Cao Vân (1866–1916), who was an enemy of colonial oppression. Emperor Duy Tân planned a rebellion against the French with Trần Cao Vân and others.

On May 3, 1916, when the French were involved in the fighting of the First World War , Emperor Duy Tân smuggled himself out of the Forbidden City together with Trần Cao Vân and called on the people to rise up against the French. But on May 6, 1916, they were betrayed and captured by the French authorities.

On May 10, 1916, the Council of the Imperial Family and the Secret Council proposed to the French Governor General Ernest Roume the deposition of Duy Tân and the enthronement of Prince BửuĐảo, son of Emperor Đồng Khánh . On May 13, 1916, Roume agreed, on May 17/18. May 1916, Prince Bửu Đảo, the new Emperor Khải Định , was introduced into his office.

Due to his age and to avoid a worsening of the situation, Emperor Duy Tân was replaced and exiled, but not killed. Trần Cao Vân and the rest of the revolutionaries were beheaded. The previous emperor was brought to the island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean with his father under his previous title Prince (Nguyễn Phúc) Vĩnh San .

Prince Vĩnh San continued in exile to prefer independence for Vietnam. During the Second World War he joined the Forces Françaises Libres and became a naval officer. Later, when France faced defeat by the communists in Vietnam and the regime of Emperor Bảo Đại was almost unbearable, French President Charles de Gaulle spoke to Prince Vĩnh San, who was still popular with the Vietnamese for his patriotism , about a return to Vietnam as emperor. But he died on December 26, 1945 on his way home in a plane crash near what is now Mbaïki in the Central African Republic , then Ubangi-Shari (French Oubangui-Chari ) in the French colony of Chad .

Later in the 1980s, his remains were brought to Vietnam from Africa in a traditional ceremony to remain in the tomb with his grandfather, Emperor Dục Đức .

literature

• Nguyen Phuoc Bao Vang: Duy Tan, Empereur d'Annam 1900–1945, exilé à l'île de la Réunion ou le destin tragique du Prince Vinh San. Azalées éditions et al., Sainte-Marie - Île de la Réunion 2001, ISBN 2- 7475-0580-4 .

Web links

Commons : Emperor Duy Tân  - collection of images, videos and audio files