Johann Hermann Eschenburg

Hermann Eschenburg

Johann Hermann Eschenburg (born August 19, 1844 in Lübeck ; † January 1, 1920 there ) was a German wholesale merchant and mayor of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck.

Life

origin

Hermann came from the Lübeck patrician family Eschenburg . He was the son of Johann Daniel Eschenburg , businessman and senator (born September 9, 1809 in Lübeck; † February 26, 1884 ibid), and his wife Elisabeth, daughter of the excise inspector Georg Gottfr. Michels .

His father's brother was Georg Bernhard Eschenburg (born January 19, 1811 in Lübeck; † February 6, 1886 there). His son, Johann Georg Eschenburg , would later become Lübeck's mayor .

career

Like many young businessmen, Eschenburg took a longer stay abroad after completing his commercial apprenticeship . During this time he was first in Messina , then in Genoa . When he returned 24 years old, he joined as a partner in the firm Jost Hinrich Havemann & Sohn , whose owner was his father at that time, one. With the death of his father, he and his brother, Gustav Georg Eschenburg ( royal Italian consul ), became heads of the timber trade , which, expanded and perfected with modern facilities, belonged to one of the most important trading houses in Lübeck at his death .

Eschenburg was elected to the Chamber of Commerce in 1881 as a member of the merchants' association and was entrusted with the tasks of an economic authority as its board member. With his transfer to the Senate, he left it.

The Lübeck citizenship belonged Eschenburg from 1883 and has been on 24 March 1884, succeeding his late father in the previous month, in the Lübeck Senate chosen.

There he devoted himself to an extensive activity in the field of administration and finance , and was for many years chairman of these branches of the administration of the state system perceiving bodies . Also in the fields of the promotion of traffic , trade and shipping he always unfolded his fruitful activity.

In the 1911/12 electoral period , Eschenburg was the city's presiding mayor for the first time . After previously only members of the senate who belonged to the learned class had this dignity , he was the first mayor to emerge from the merchant class. As such, he had, for example, the protectorate of the honorary president and mayor of the VI, who met in June 1911 in the city . German Esperanto Congress of the German Esperanto Association founded in 1906 together with its Bundestag.

Eschenburgvilla

The knightly allodial estate Banzin , which is now part of Vellahn , in the district of the former knighthood office Boitzenburg belonged to Eschenburg. He had his apartment at Burgfeld 4 . A villa built according to plans by Christian Frederik Hansen , later referred to as the "Eschenburgvilla", he bought as a summer residence at the gates of the city. During the World War, the Lübeck barracks hospital reached up to his summer house and had his pulmonary healing station there. After Eschenburg's death Ina moved into the Eschenburgvilla. Today the Brahms Institute of the Lübeck University of Music is located in the house .

To honor Eschenburg's services as a senator, he was awarded the golden Bene Merenti coin as the highest honor of the Senate on his 70th birthday .

During the First World War , Eschenburg was re-elected to the office of mayor in the 1915/16 election period .

Compared to his first term, his second was enriched with considerably more military representation .

Address by Pastor Mildenstein at the flag consecration

Club front

All the associations of the National Warrior Association followed on the afternoon of January 17, 1915 from the market in the Schutzmannkapelle to the courtyard of the old barracks for the flag consecration of the Jungwehr . Under the leadership of Police Major Moritz Grünweller , the youth companies were positioned to the left and right of a lectern . The youth armed forces, which formed in Lübeck as in the whole of the German Empire immediately after the outbreak of war, served as a voluntary organization under the leadership of old soldiers and energetic men to provide military training for young people . Behind the speaker's pulpit the national war clubs gathered with their flags, the honorary chairman of the association Heinrich Kühne , the chairman of the printing house owner and publisher of the Lübeck association Julius Heise, the deputy colonel v. Kuenheim, Mayor Eschenburg, Senate and City Council members, other guests of honor and a large crowd. The ceremonial handover of the flag donated by the National Warrior Association began with the Dutch prayer of thanks before Pastor Wilhelm Mildenstein stepped onto the desk and gave a speech that went from the Wars of Liberation of 1813 about the Franco-German War to the current war. After a chorale Julius Heise conveyed the greetings of the country Warriors Association, members of the youth military was the youngest comrades and brought an enthusiastic recorded " high " to the emperor from. The imperial anthem was sung. The Colonel then handed the stepped forward, who had been chosen to bear the standard, the flag in Luebsche colors bearing an eagle. They thanked them with the vow that they should be an incentive for all members to fulfill their duties as faithfully as possible. After the National Warrior Association in the person of the secretary , painter Wilhelm Siems, and the scout corps affiliated to the Boy Scout Association in the person of the main field master , teacher Wilhelm Groth, each decorated the flag with a flag nail, the ceremony ended with the singing of the Germany song . After the mayor, colonel and police major had paced the front of the clubs, the National Warrior Association and all the companies of the youth armed forces went to the market to the sounds of the protection team band. There the band gave concerts while collecting for the prisoners of war from Lübeck .

Homage to the opening of the honorary cemetery

The Lübeck Cemetery of Honor was opened on June 6, 1915. The hour of edification with song and sermon , which Pastor Ziesenitz had based on verse 5 of the 3rd chapter of the 2nd book of Moses from the Luther Bible , took place in front of the actual "Heroes' Place", where the regiment memorial was erected after the war , instead of. Then the gates of the grove opened . With the mayor and the commander of the reserve battalion of the local regiment , Colonel v. Kuenheim, at the head, members of the Senate and the officer corps , members of the citizenry and other guests of honor , as well as the warrior associations united in the National Warrior Association walked along the graves.

Prisoner exchange in the main station

On Sedanag 1915, the first 27 exchange victims to come from Russian captivity were expected at Lübeck main station . You came to Germany from Russia via Sweden and took a hospital train to Lübeck. At the railing of the stairs, which were covered with flag cloth, helpers from the Red Cross had lined up, while the mayor, decorated with the iron cross on a white ribbon , members of the Senate, representatives of the officer corps with Colonel v. Kuenheim, as well as the leading men and women from the Red Cross, were in the middle.

The picture on the right shows how the mayor received the wounded who had been unloaded and framed by the medical column with his speech.

Loot gun handover

Already in the spring of 1915 one complained in the Lübeckische Blätter that other cities were already referring to "war memorials" in their tourist guides , indicating enemy war equipment captured in the First World War as their attraction and complaining that Lübeck did not yet have such. This was to change on November 1, 1915. Mayor Eschenburg participated in the November 1, 1915 on behalf of the Senate two between the castle gate and the Burgtorbrücke established French "prey guns" by the representative of the military administration deputy commander of the residents in Lübeck 81st Infantry Brigade , Major General v. Wright , in a solemn ceremony .

Regimental visit in the field

The mayor (9) left the city on November 15, together with Senator Julius Vermehren (13) and councilman Böttcher (14), to visit the Lübeck regiment in the field near the Ypres arch in Roulers . When he arrived there he immediately received from Max von Boehn , Commanding General IX. RK , the invitation to a joint meal in the circle of the officer corps of the general command there . Also present were Wilhelm von Beczwarzowski , commander of the 81st Infantry Brigade, Karl von Rettberg (11), commander of the regiment subordinate to the brigade and Rittmeister Jürgen Fehling (10), member of the regiment and brother-in-law of the mayor. The next morning, upon arrival, the regiment band played the presentation march , and the regiment and its barracks were inspected. Subsequently he was together with Ernst von Ziethen , division commander of the IX. RK subordinate and the 81st IB superior 17th RD , breakfast. Another guest was Ernst von Heynitz , until members of the Lübeck regiment were mobilized and from then on commander of the reserve regiment of the infantry regiment "Hamburg" (2nd Hanseatic) No. 76 .

In the afternoon , the regiment's resting battalion on site paraded past the Lübeck guests on the edge of a forest near Roulers. Following the parade, the mayor awarded merited warriors the Lübeck Hanseatic Cross . Franz de Rainville (7) was to be awarded the highest Prussian order, the Pour le Mérite , in 1918, as commander of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89 . In the picture opposite you can see the visitors with the officer corps after the parade.

When the town hall was flagged in red during the upheavals in Lübeck at the end of the war, the Senate accepted the proposals of the Senators Eduard Rabe , Johann Georg Eschenburg and Johann Hermann Eschenburg for their retirement on November 11, 1918 .

On the evening of New Year's Day 1921 , as Ida Boy-Ed wrote in his obituary published in the Lübeckische Blätter , a " sincere Hanseatic " died with the senior partner in the wholesale company . It was thanks to him that Lübeck's finances were able to withstand the storm of the times in a well-organized manner .

family

Hermann had married Ina. The marriage resulted in Karl (* 1877; † 1943), Prime Minister of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1929 to 1932 , and Hermann (* 1872; † 1954), who continued the company.

Trivia

After the death of Senator Mann on October 13, 1891, Consul Fehling and the wine merchant Tesdorf were appointed guardians of the five children he left behind.

Thomas Mann was 16 years old at the time. In his novel Die Buddenbrooks , for which he would later receive the Nobel Prize , we meet Consul Fehling as Consul Hermann Hagenström and Consul Gustav Georg Eschenburg as Senator Huneus .

literature

• Senator Hermann Eschenburg †. ; In: Father-city sheets . No. 8, January 18, 1920, p. 29.
• Emil Ferdinand Fehling : On the Lübeck Council Line 1814-1914. Lübeck 1915, No. 77
• Walther Schärffe: From the history of the Jost Hinr company. Havemann & Sohn, Lübeck, wood import and planing mill , Lübeck 1958
• Wolfgang Eschenburg: Jost Hinr. Havemann & Sohn, Lübeck: 1733-1958 ; Text of the speech given on February 9, 1958 by Wolfgang Eschenburg on the 225th anniversary of the company, Lübeck 1958
• Fritz Meyen :  Eschenburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 642 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Hans-Jochen Arndt: A Lübsches company with tradition. The history of the Jost Hinr company. Havemann & Son. In: Der Wagen 1984, pp. 32–46.
• Karl-Ernst Sinner: Tradition and Progress. Senate and Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck 1918-2007 , Volume 46 of Series B of the Publications on the History of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck published by the Archives of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , Lübeck 2008, p. 74

Web links

Commons : Johann Hermann Eschenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Julius Heise (ed.): Between home and front. War journeys with gifts of love from the Lübeck State Warrior Association. Lübeck Vlg Landeskrieger-Verband, Lübeck 1916.
2. ↑ Consecration of the flags of the youth armed forces , year 1914/15, No. 17, edition of January 24, 1915, p. 71.
3. ↑ Exodus - Chapter 3
4. ↑ Memorial service in the Ehrenfriedhof. ; In: Father-city sheets. Born 1915, No. 37, edition of June 13, 1915, pp. 149–151.
5. ^ Arrival of the first exchange wounded from Russia. ; In: Father-city sheets. Born 1915, No. 50, edition of September 12, 1915, pp. 201–202.
6. ↑ Delivery of two French booty guns In: Vaterstädtische Blätter. Born 1915, No. 6, edition of November 7, 1915
7. ↑ Boehn's late father, Julius Heinrich von Boehn , was once the commander of the Lübeck battalion of the 2nd Hanseatic Infantry Regiment No. 76 .
8. ^ Otto Dziobek : History of the Infantry Regiment "Lübeck" (3rd Hanseatic) No. 162; first edition 1922
9. ↑ A visit to the “Lübeck” regiment. In: Father-city sheets. Born in 1916, No. 11, issue of December 10, 1916, pp. 43–44.
10. ↑ Hanns Möller : The history of the knights of the order “pour le merite” in the World War 1914-1918. Volume II: M-Z. Bernard & Graefe publishing house. Berlin 1935. pp. 170-172.
11. ^ The upheaval in Lübeck. In: Lübeckische Blätter, vol. 60, number 46, edition of November 17, 1918, pp. 577-579
12. ↑ Senator Eduard Rabe †. In: Von Lübeck's Towers , Volume 30, No. 12, edition of June 19, 1920, p. 48.
13. ^ Buddenbrooks - List of real names