Full university

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A full university (Latin: universitas litterarum ) is a university where the most basic scientific subjects can be studied. Classically, this was understood to mean at least the humanities (including philosophy / theology ), mathematics , law and medicine . Since the early modern period this repertoire is by the natural sciences , engineering sciences , as well as economic and social sciences have been supplemented so. If it is still organized in the traditional way, it has the appropriate faculties . As a rule, a full university has the right to carry out doctorates and habilitation degrees in all of these subjects . Due to the special development of the German higher education system with the early independence of the technical universities (TH) in the second half of the 19th century, engineering in Germany is not always seen as constitutive for a full university. The term is thus defined solely by the canon of subjects offered at a university and does not say anything about the quality of the individual subjects available.

The full university differs from such universities that are only specialized in a selection of subjects (for example medical universities , universities of teacher education , art universities , technical universities , etc.).

Germany

In particular, the many newly founded universities in the sixties and seventies strived for a long time, almost all of them, to become “comprehensive universities” in order to be regarded as equivalent to the traditional universities. In fact, however, many of the traditional universities are (no longer) comprehensive universities in the sense of the definition, as some of the subjects are missing.

While according to the "strict" definition, which also requires technical subjects, there are only six full universities, according to the definition of the term without a mandatory engineering faculty, the following full universities (including corresponding technical universities) exist in Germany:

Baden-Württemberg
Bavaria
Berlin
Hamburg
Hesse
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Lower Saxony
North Rhine-Westphalia
Rhineland-Palatinate
Saarland
  • Saarland University Saarbrücken (including some technical subjects in the natural science-technical faculty)
Saxony
Saxony-Anhalt
Schleswig-Holstein
Thuringia

Austria

In Austria , until the end of 2003, the universities in Vienna , Innsbruck and Graz were classic full universities (some with a focus, Vienna for example with only a narrow technical branch). Then, by law, the medical faculties nationwide were outsourced as separate universities, but these three universities are still regarded as full universities.

In Switzerland

Universities in other countries

Other universities that come close to the ideal of a full university and which also teach in German are:

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Greifswald University is headed by a woman for the first time. In: MOZ.de , January 25, 2013.

annotation

  1. ↑ Counted here: Erlangen-Nuremberg, Rostock, Bochum, Saarland, Dresden, Kiel. The exact delimitation depends on the breadth of the technical subjects required.