List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)
The list of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945) includes all universities that were founded in Europe between the French Revolution and the end of the Second World War . Universities in the sense of this list are academic universities that have been recognized as universities by the responsible secular authorities or clerical bodies and that have awarded the doctoral degree in more than one faculty . Short-lived start-ups are also included.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the European universities were badly affected by the Napoleonic Wars and their number fell by sixty locations to 83 in the short period from 1789 to 1815. By 1840 there was an increase to 98 universities, with around 80,000 Students and 5,000 professors worked. Despite the trend towards vocational specialized universities - in France, for example, all universities had been dissolved and replaced by grandes écoles - the size of the student body and professorships multiplied to 600,000 and 32,000 members at around two hundred universities respectively over the next hundred years. In total, the era saw the operation of around 220 universities, which are listed below.
list
The list is sorted according to the time of recognition. Where more than one university has been founded in one location, the name of the institution is in brackets.
19th century
20th century
Remarks
- ↑ This number also includes Russian universities in the Asian part of the country, which are not part of this list.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rüegg 2004, p. 18f.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx Rüegg 2004, pp. 547–558
- ↑ a b c Rüegg 2004, p. 17
literature
- Walter Rüegg : Topics, Problems, Findings , in Walter Rüegg (Hrsg.): History of the University in Europe . Vol. III: From the 19th Century to the Second World War (1800–1945) , Beck, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-36954-5 , pp. 17–41
- Walter Rüegg: Directory of the scientific universities of Europe 1800–1945: Chronological directory of the universities , in Walter Rüegg (Hrsg.): History of the University in Europe. Vol. III: From the 19th Century to the Second World War (1800–1945) , CH Beck, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-36954-5 , pp. 547–558.