Mecklenburg Lake District
Coordinates: 53 ° 16 ′ 30.1 ″ N , 12 ° 39 ′ 47.2 ″ E
The Mecklenburg Lake District is a vaguely demarcated young moraine landscape rich in lakes in Mecklenburg or partly in the northwest of Brandenburg and in the extreme southeast of Schleswig-Holstein .
In recent times, in the tourist sense, the entire region or sub-regions have been marketed with the well-known term Mecklenburg Lake District , which was also due to the establishment of the Mecklenburg Lake District in 2011. However, only about half of the lake district and district consist of the Mecklenburg Lake District . The northeastern part is occupied by the younger, geomorphologically somewhat different and also lake-rich backland of the Mecklenburg Lake District . The Mecklenburg Lake District is one of the three large lake areas south of the Baltic Sea , along with the Masurian Lake District and the Pomeranian Lake District .
location
The Mecklenburg Lake District is located in the central and southern part of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the state part of Mecklenburg . In the southeast, the lake area extends beyond the state border with Brandenburg . In the north-west there are small parts in Schleswig-Holstein .
On the Mecklenburg Lake District , from northwest to southeast, lie the (partly former) district towns of Ratzeburg (Schleswig-Holstein), Grevesmühlen , Gadebusch , Schwerin , Sternberg , Lübz (in the southern outskirts), Waren , Röbel , Neustrelitz (all Mecklenburg -Vorpommern), Templin and, on the extreme southeastern edge, Eberswalde (the latter in Brandenburg).
The backland of the Mecklenburg Lake District with (again from northwest to southeast) Bützow , Güstrow , Teterow , Malchin , Altentreptow , Neubrandenburg , Strasburg , Pasewalk (northern edge) and, on the Brandenburg side, Prenzlau and Angermünde , which adjoins to the northeast, is also rich in lakes .
In terms of natural space , both landscapes each form their own large region of the 3rd order , although there are nominally assigned to the backland that are geomorphologically similar to those of the Lake District and that were previously included or are still occasionally today. This applies to the high-lying lakes near Feldberg and, on the Brandenburg side, Fürstenwerder . The large lakes of the hinterland, however, are located in younger gullies and glacial valleys at only a low altitude ( Kummerower See : 0.2 m above sea level ).
Emergence
The formation of the lake landscapes goes back to different stages of the Vistula glacial period - see the corresponding sections in the Mecklenburg Lake District and the back country of the Mecklenburg Lake District .
Natural structure
In the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the boundaries of the Mecklenburg Lake District were defined at the beginning of the 1960s, which follow the terminal moraines of the Pomeranian and Frankfurt stages of the Vistula glaciation. The tongue basins and channels of the Pomeranian Stadium, which adjoin immediately to the northeast, were defined as the backland . This classification corresponds to the one customary in specialist circles today. Both major regions were given a two-digit code and were divided into several main units (three-digit).
In the area of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, even finer units were shown based on this breakdown in the mid-1990s. However, this structure ends at the national border. Some of these sub-units had already been defined implicitly in the manual, but without explicit delimitation.
The following natural units subdivide the Mecklenburg Lake District in the main (area information according to the manual):
-
(to 70, 72–75 north (east) German lake district)
- 74 Backland of the Mecklenburg Lake District - 8,786.6 km²
- 740 Warnow-Recknitz area (with Bützower and Güstrow basins) - 2160.5 km²
- Flat and hill country around Warnow and Recknitz (3 segments, with high castle )
- (Warnow and Recknitz valleys with) Güstrower and Bützow basins
- 741 Upper Peene region (with Teterower and Malchiner basins) - 1754.2 km²
- Hilly Peene area with Mecklenburg Switzerland (2 segments)
- Teterower and Malchiner basins
- 742 Upper Tollensee area (with Tollensee basin) - 1616.7 km²
- Hilly Tollensee area with Werder
- Tollense basin with Tollense and Datzetal
- 743 Woldegk-Feldberger Hügelland - 351.2 km², with smaller parts in BB
- Feldberg-Fürstenwerderer lake area
- Helpter mountains
- Brohmer Mountains
- 744 Uckermärkisches Hügelland (with Uecker- and Randowtal) - 2904.0 km², largely in BB
- Uckermark loam area (3 segments)
- Ueckertal
- Randow Valley
- 740 Warnow-Recknitz area (with Bützower and Güstrow basins) - 2160.5 km²
- 75 Mecklenburg Lake District - 6014.4 km²
- 750 West Mecklenburg lake hill country - 1030.8 km², about one fifth in SH
- 751 Schweriner See area - 456.0 km²
- 752 Sternberg-Krakower lake and sand area - 1004.4 km²
- 753 Upper Warnow-Elde area - 518.5 km²
- 754 Mecklenburgisches Großseenland - 1237.6 km²
- 755 Neustrelitzer Kleinseenland - 1771.1 km², half in BB
- 756–758 Schorfheide with Templiner and Britzer Platte - 666.4 km², entirely in BB
- 756 Templiner plate
- 757 Schorfheide
- 758 Britzer plate
- 759 Eberswalder Tal - 276.0 km², entirely in BB
- 74 Backland of the Mecklenburg Lake District - 8,786.6 km²
Lakes
Well-known lakes on the lake district, from northwest to southeast, include the Ratzeburger See , the Schaalsee , the Schweriner See , the Goldberger See , the Krakower See , the large lakes on the Elde with Müritz , Kölpinsee , Fleesensee , Plauer See and Drewitzer See as well as the small lakes on the Havel with the Woblitzsee as the largest and, in the extreme southeast, the Werbellinsee .
Are in the back country from northwest to southeast, Malchiner and Lake Kummerow in Malchiner basin of the Peene of, Tollensesee in Tollensetal the Tollense , the high altitude lakes in Feldberg and Fürstenwerder with the Carwitzer Lake , the largest, top and Unteruckersee in Ueckertal the Uecker and in the extreme south-east Grimnitzsee and Parsteiner See .
Immediately to the northeast of the hinterland lies the Galenbeck lake on the Friedlander Großer Wiese ; To the southwest of the lake district lies the Ruppiner See on the Ruppiner Platte .
There are a total of 12 lakes with an area of over 5 km² (5 in the Großseenland) and 8 with over 10 km² (4 in the Großseenland). In the back country there are 8 over 5 km² and 5 over 10 km². Regarding the actual density of the lakes, however, the apparently small lead of the lake district with the large lakes is deceptive. If you compare the number of lakes over 2 km², the lake district comes to almost 50 (48, 19 of which are in the Kleinseenland alone) and the hinterland only 20. Apart from the Feldberg-Fürstenwerder area, the lakes in the hinterland are almost all behind in the few Northeast leading gullies. While the lakes of the lake district, apart from the Ratzeburg and Sternberger See, are located at heights of around 20 to 65 m above sea level. NHN are to remain in the rear country so most of the lakes under 20 m - out of the hoop only the Feldberg-Prince Werderer lakes with heights over 80 m and a few lakes in the southern Uckermark.
List of medium and large lakes
The following are the lakes with at least 2 km² area of the Mecklenburg Lake District, its back country, the landscapes northeast of both and the river areas of Havel and Rhin immediately south of the plate:
The lake district can be roughly divided as follows:
| Lake areas | Cities | drainage |
|---|---|---|
| Feldberger Seenlandschaft Nature Park | Feldberger Seenlandschaft municipality | Havel |
| Mecklenburg Lake District with Müritz , Plauer See, Kölpinsee | Waren (Müritz) , Röbel / Müritz , Plau am See | Elde |
| Neustrelitzer Kleinseenland | Neustrelitz , Mirow , Wesenberg , Fürstenberg / Havel , Lychen | Havel |
| Rheinsberg lake area | Rheinsberg | Rhin |
| Tollensesee and Mecklenburg Switzerland | Neubrandenburg , Stargard Castle , Malchin , Neukalen , Penzlin , Stavenhagen , Teterow | Peene |
In the Brandenburg area, the lake landscape continues into the Uckermark and Ruppiner Switzerland .
The tourist association and travel guide also refer to the lake area as the “ Land of a Thousand Lakes ”.
Settlement history
The lake district was already around 10,000 BC. Settled by hunters and fishermen. From 4,000 BC The first peasant cultures developed, leaving behind large stone graves .
In the 4th and 5th centuries the Germanic tribes settling there migrated south and were replaced by advancing Elbe Slavic tribes from the 7th century , who mixed with the remaining population.
Since the 12th century, the influence of German settlers in the region increased. In the 12-14 In the 19th century, building activity began in villages and towns and the field stones were used en masse as building material. The field stone churches built from field stones in the Middle Ages can still be found in many villages in the region.
Protected areas
In the far west of the lake district are the Lauenburg Lakes Nature Park on the Schleswig-Holstein side and, to the east, the Schaalsee biosphere reserve in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Spatially separated and east of the Schwerin area are the nature parks Sternberger Seenland and Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide on the lake district; Connected only by a narrow corridor, the latter nature park goes over to the northeast, in the back country, into the nature park Mecklenburgische Schweiz and Kummerower See .
In the center of the lake district, in the Großseenland, lies the larger western part of the Müritz National Park, separated from the nature parks . Apart from a narrow strip in the northwest, the eastern part of the national park in the Kleinseenland is bordered in all directions by the Feldberger Seenlandschaft nature park , which is nominally about half on the plate and half in the back country, but only in higher areas. To the east, in Brandenburg, it borders on the Uckermärkische Seen Nature Park , for which the same applies. This goes to the southwest in the Stechlin-Ruppiner Land Nature Park , also Brandenburg, which leaves about half of its area to the south of the lake district. To the southeast of the Uckermark Lakes, half on the plate and half in the back, the Schorfheide-Chorin biosphere reserve joins.
See also
- List of lakes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Mecklenburg lakes circuit , cycling race for everyone and the largest cycling event in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
literature
- Andreas Börner: Mecklenburg Lake District. Ice Age Sea and reading stones. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2013, ISBN 978-3-494-01528-6
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ The "Tourismusverband Mecklenburgische Seenplatte" e. With Demmin, V. even represents a city beyond the hinterland, but not Schwerin on the actual lake district, see the association's list of cities ( memento of the original from June 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen et al .: Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
- ↑ a b Map portal environment of the State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( information )
- ↑ PDF (29 kB) on the natural spatial structure of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on a scale of 1: 250,000 - report on behalf of the Ministry of Agriculture and Nature Conservation, 1996
- ↑ a b Lake profiles of the State of Brandenburg , State Office for Environment, Health and Consumer Protection
- ↑ Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany, Part 2 MV - TU Cottbus (PDF file; 3.35 MB)
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ The assignments with decimal places have not been assigned in the form and serve here to sort from northwest to southeast (main unit group 75) or to the heartland and Talungen (group 74).
- ↑ Data from the water profile
- ↑ The University of Rostock, strangely enough, gives 7.22 km².
- ↑ Despite the runoff over the Warnow, the Cambssee is explicitly included in the MV breakdown as part of the Schwerin Lake area. In the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany it is not shown because of the scale, but it would also be in the Schwerin Lake area
- ↑ The Lower Ostorfer See lies at 39.6 m .
- ↑ Website Tourismusverband Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Holidays in the Land of a Thousand Lakes , accessed on January 14, 2014
- ↑ Börner, Mecklenburgische Seenplatte , Wiebelsheim 2013, p. 29.
