Rhin

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Rhin
Havel (dark blue) and Rhin (blue green)

Havel (dark blue) and Rhin (blue green)

Data
Water code EN : 588
location Germany , Brandenburg
River system Elbe
Drain over Gülper Havel  → Havel  → Elbe  → North Sea
Headwaters west of Rheinsberg
muzzle Gülper Havel coordinates: 52 ° 44 ′ 42 "  N , 12 ° 13 ′ 17"  E 52 ° 44 ′ 42 "  N , 12 ° 13 ′ 17"  E

length 133.3 km
Catchment area 1780 km²
Discharge at the Alt Ruppin gauge, OP
A Eo lock : 516 km²
Location: 45.4 km above the mouth
NNQ (06.08.1981)
MNQ 1981–1999
MQ 1981–1999
Mq 1981–1999
MHQ 1981–1999
HHQ (17.04.1981)
0 l / s
618 l / s
2.81 m³ / s
5.4 l / (s km²)
6.65 m³ / s
10.8 m³ / s
Right tributaries Temnitz

The 129 kilometer long Rhin is a right tributary of the Havel and with a catchment area of ​​1,780 km² it is the third largest.

Surname

According to popular opinion, the Rhin got its name from settlers from the Lower Rhine region during the eastern colonization in the 12th century. An independent Germanic education from the same root word for "rinnen, flow" cannot be ruled out. Although the area around the river was inhabited by Slavs for several centuries , a Slavic name has not survived. In contrast, the Rhin has several small tributaries on the upper reaches, which are also called Rhin.

River course

The river has its source in Brandenburg in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district about 8.5 kilometers west of Rheinsberg . Its source is there on the southern edge of the Mecklenburg Lake District in the Rheinsberg Lake District, just a few hundred meters west of the small settlement of Wallitz. From there, the Rhin flows through several small and large lakes ( Bramin , Kagar , Dollgow , Schlaborn , Rheinsberger and Grienericksee ) to Rheinsberg. This rather traditional version is opposed by scientific research, according to which the Rhin rises in the Twernsee , around twelve kilometers northwest of Rheinsberg and flows over the Rochowsee , Giesenschlagsee , Zootzensee and Tietzowsee into the Schlabornsee.

Rheinsberger Rhin in Ruppiner Switzerland
Bützrhin near Fehrbellin Wall
Lock in Altfriesack between Ruppiner See and Bützsee
Old Rhin near Linumhorst
The Wustrauer Rhin near Wustrau
Alter Rhin on the outskirts of Friesack

Many of the northern lakes of the Rheinsberg Lake District are connected to one another and to the Rhin via various navigable canals. The Wolfsbrucher Canal (from 1998, Hüttenkanal in GDR times ) connects the Großer Prebelowsee to the Kleiner Pälitzsee to the Müritz-Havel waterway .

The Rhin is included in the so-called other inland waterways of the federal Rheinsberger Gewässer with Tietzowsee , Schlabornsee , Rheinsberger See and Grienericksee as well as in the Zechliner waters with the Zootzensee .

South of Rheinsberg, the Rhin flows through Ruppin Switzerland as a natural, meandering wild water stream (“Rheinsberger Rhin”) in a multi-winding river valley covered with black alder forests to the south. South of Rheinberg discharges of Zechowsee and greatness and 's Small Tietzensee coming Döllnitz one. At Zechow he takes in the "Little Rhin" flowing from the Köpernitzsee , which is fed in two headwaters by the Zeutensee , the Big and the Little Törnsee on the one hand and by the Dollgower See on the other.

At the small settlement of Zippelsförde, the Rhin bends to the northwest. A little later, its water reaches the Zermützelsee and then southwards via Tetzensee and Molchowsee near Neuruppin into the Ruppiner See and then further into the Bützsee .

From the southeast end of the Bützsee to the Kremmener Rhin, the Rhin is called “Bützrhin”. It flows to the southeast. From the end of the Bützrhin, the water of the Rhins, regulated by weirs, can flow westwards in its further natural direction of flow as the Alter Rhin through the Rhinluch of the lower Havel , and via the Kremmener Rhin and the Ruppiner and Oranienburger Canal to the east into the upper Havel near Oranienburg.

Since the construction of the Ruppin waterway, the Kremmener Rhin has flowed in the opposite direction than the former natural flow in its place, which drained the Kremmener See towards the Rhin.

The Alte Rhin flows from the fork of the Bützrhin as a winding river towards Fehrbellin . As far as the Hakenberg lock , its water level is about one meter above the surrounding meadows and up to two meters above the water level of the drainage ditches. To the west of the lock, the Fehrbelliner Canal and then the Wustrauer Rhin flow into the Old Rhin. The Wustrauer Rhin is an artificial canal. It starts right on the Ruppiner See. From Fehrbellin the Rhinwasser flows predominantly through the Rhinkanal according Rhinow . Another old Rhin , further east called Friesacker Rhin , brings water from the northeastern part of the Havelländisches Luchs east of Friesack . From Rhinow, an arm called only Rhin flows through the Gülper See and flows into the Gülper Havel . Rhinwasser can also get into the Havel through the Bültgraben and the Neue Dosse . Havel water, in turn, is fed to the Rhin via the Havelländische Great Main Canal , which drains the Havelländische Luch, but is also fed with Havel water from the Havel Canal via the Nauen-Paretz Canal .

Geology and hydrogeology

On its upper course (from the Giesenschlagsee) , the Rhin uses an old early Ice Age channel that extends from Woterfitzsee east of the Müritz over a length of 60 kilometers into the Rhinluch. This channel in a mostly hilly moraine landscape can be held responsible for the fact that the arid Rhin reaches its lower reaches at all. About 18,000 years ago, north of Neuruppin, meltwater flows created two deep channel valleys in a south and southeast direction, which inundated the southern part of the older channel valley with deposits. After the tributaries had dried up, the Rhin took over these valleys for its further course, which explains the two bends in the river. To the south of the Neuruppin Lakes, the Rhin was developed in a canal-like manner for the purpose of draining the surrounding Luch landscapes and is hardly detectable as a wild river. The connection between the Rhin and the Havel near Oranienburg via the Kremmener Rhin and the Ruppiner Canal is not original, but was created in the 18th century.

Locks

See also

Web links

Commons : Rhin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. River directory gewnet25 (Version 4.0, April 24, 2014) from the Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture of the State of Brandenburg, accessed on May 4, 2015.
  2. ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Elbe Region, Part II 1999 Brandenburg State Environment Agency, p. 155, accessed on November 3, 2018, at: lugv.brandenburg.de (PDF, German).
  3. a b Directory F of the Chronicle ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsv.de