Maritime economy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The maritime economy and maritime industry includes the areas of maritime shipping , shipyards with supply industry, ports with infrastructure and maritime service providers .

Around 400,000 people are employed in the maritime industry in Germany, including maritime service providers, around half of whom work in areas such as shipping, shipbuilding and the supply industry. The other half is accounted for by the ports with the handling operations and the necessary infrastructure. The annual turnover of the maritime economy is estimated at around 75 billion euros, of which around 2/3 is accounted for by shipping, shipbuilding and the supply industry and the rest by ports and infrastructure.

Maritime shipping

Shipping: cruise ship in the repair yard

Maritime shipping is the largest sector in the maritime economy. Ocean shipping primarily refers to the shipping companies with their ships , which in 2008 employed a total of 87,000 people. Of these, 67,000 worked on board the ships and 22,000 on land in the offices of the shipping companies. The turnover in 2008 was a good 30 billion euros.

shipbuilding

Shipbuilding: Meyer Werft Papenburg, Norwegian Jewel in November 2004 in the covered construction dock of Meyer Werft

In contrast to the supplier industry, shipbuilding is concentrated on the coast and the rivers deep in seagoing vessels. Five large shipyard groups form the focus of the German shipyard landscape; in 2009 they employed around 13,400 people. There are also independent shipyards that are active in the field of special shipbuilding. A distinction is made between new build and repair yards. The shipyards are located in Lower Saxony (6,700 employees), Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (5,000 employees), Schleswig-Holstein (4,600 employees), Hamburg (2,600 employees), Bremen (1,400 employees) and other federal states (1,700 employees). In the inland there are only very few seagoing vessels. U. Sections are delivered to the shipyards. In 2008, around 21,000 people worked in the shipbuilding division of the shipyards, with sales of around 6 billion euros.

Supply industry

Supplier industry: The world's largest ship propellers are manufactured in Mecklenburg Metallguss (MMG)

The predominantly medium-sized supplier industry is considered the second largest in the world after that in Japan. The supplier companies are mainly located inland. In Baden-Wuerttemberg, North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria, a large number of supplier companies are located, for example the main drive and auxiliary diesel engines. B. from Augsburg and the reduction gears from Friedrichshafen. But there are also many supplier companies in the coastal countries. In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania z. B. huge ship propellers are cast and machined. Around 70,000 people are employed in the shipbuilding supply industry. The turnover in 2008 was around 13 billion euros.

Ports

Port: cargo handling in Hamburg ; a reefer ship loads empty reefer containers

In 2008, the cargo handling in the German ports on the North and Baltic Sea coasts was around 320 million tons, with a total of around 140,000 ships involved. Bulky goods (e.g. oil , ore , coal and grain ) were ahead with 135 million tons, followed by containers (118 million tons) and RoRo cargo (33 million tons). According to previous estimates by the Central Association of German Seehafenbetriebe e. V. In the mid-1990s, around 300,000 jobs were directly dependent on the seaport functions. In Hamburg z. B. around 160,000 jobs directly or indirectly dependent on the port.

See also

literature