Edouard Branly

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Édouard Branly (1844-1940)

Édouard Branly (born October 23, 1844 in Amiens , † March 24, 1940 in Paris ) was a French physicist and pioneer of radio technology , especially radio and wireless telegraphy .

Life

Drawing of the glass tube of a Branly coherer or fritter, inserted into a complete mechanics of a knocker.

Édouard Branly studied various subjects at several institutions in France. Among others at the Lycée (College) of Saint-Quentin , the Lycee Henri IV de Paris and the Faculté des sciences de Paris . He was then accepted to study physics at the École normal supérieure in Paris , where he was a student of Louis Pasteur, among others . In 1867 he received his diploma as a scientist with a license to teach physics and mathematics. In 1868 he became professor at the University of Bourges and in 1875 professor at the Institut catholique de Paris .

The physicist is considered to be one of the inventors of the coherer , an important component of a receiver of signals. Branly's 1890 work was a landmark achievement in the history of wireless technology. Forerunners had already been developed and described by the Italian Temistocle Calzecchi-Onesti between 1884 and 1886 , but were hardly noticed by experts outside Italy (on Branly's role: article "Invention of the radio" ).

Until his death, Édouard Branly dealt with many areas of physics at the time, in particular with the areas of wireless communication and telemechanics as well as in the field of medicine .

Fonts

  • Phénomènes électrostatiques dans les cellules voltaïques (Electrostatic Phenomena in Voltaic Cells) , 1873.
  • Traité élémentaire de physique , 1899.
  • Cours élémentaire de Physique et Problèmes de Physique , 1900.
  • La TSF, Télégraphie et Téléphonie sans fil , 1925.
  • Électricité , 1934.

Honors and titles

Memorial plaque for É. Branly in Paris.
  • 1868: Professor at the Université de Bourges
  • 1868: Professor at the Institut catholique de Paris
  • 1873: Doctor of Science from the Sorbonne de Paris
  • 1898: Laureate of the Académie des Sciences
  • 1900: Grand prix de l'Exposition universelle
  • 1900: Chevalier (knight) of the French Legion of Honor
  • 1903: Osiris Prize together with Pierre Curie
  • 1910: Grand prix d'Argenteuil de la Société d'encouragement à l'Industrie nationale
  • 1910: Associate member of the Belgian Académie royale des science
  • 1911: Elected to the French Académie des Sciences , General Physics section
  • 1933: Officer of the French Legion of Honor
  • 1938: Élevé à la dignité de grand-croix of the French Legion of Honor
  • 1938: Élevé à la dignité de commandeur of the papal order of knights of St. Gregory the Great

literature

  • Orrin E. Dunlap Jr.: Radio's 100 men of science. Biographical narratives of pathfinders in electronics and television. Harper, New York 1944, pp. 76-79.

Web links

Commons : Édouard Branly  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Édouard Branly Publication in The Catholic Encyclopedia
  2. ↑ Édouard Branly Publications on the site no longer available , search in web archives: Université de Lorraine@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.univ-nancy2.fr
personal data
SURNAME Branly, Edouard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French physicist and radio pioneer
DATE OF BIRTH October 23, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Amiens
DATE OF DEATH March 24, 1940
Place of death Paris