Hunolstein (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those von Hunolstein by Otto Hupp in the Munich calendar of 1925

The Lords of Hunolstein were a knightly family with residence at Hunolstein Castle , in the district of the same name in the municipality of Morbach in the Hunsrück ( Rhineland-Palatinate ).

history

Hunolstein ruins around 1866
The Hunolsteiners as participants in King Henry VII's Rome train.
Area around the dominions of Züsch and Eberswald, map excerpt, Mercator 1566.

The first mention of the sex took place with Hugo von Hunolstein, which can be proven in a document from the year 1192 as "advocatus de hunolstein", which means Vogt von Hunolstein. Vogt Hugo was noted in 1197 as the brother of the Trier ministerial Gerhard von Schwarzenberg, which suggests that the Hunolsteiners have a common origin with those of Schwarzenberg near Wadern and those of Hagen (from Hahn near Lebach ); the similarity of the coats of arms also speaks for it. The ancestral seat of this family was the now destroyed castle Hunolstein, above the Dhrontal near Morbach (Hunsrück). Hunolstein Castle was built in 1190 by Count Follmar II von Blieskastel , he appointed von Hunolstein as bailiff on the castle grounds. This function designation became part of her name. As bailiffs, the Hunolsteiners had an obligation: to protect the residents of the bailiwick and to administer the area. In 1237 with the death of Count Heinrich von Blieskastel, the property passed to the Counts of Salm , who in turn enfeoffed the Bailiffs of Hunolstein. In the middle of the 13th century the family split into two main tribes, the older and the younger line. The older line was founded by Nikolaus Vogt von Hunolstein. In 1280 Hunolstein became a Trier fiefdom. In 1296 Johann Graf von Salm sold Hunolstein Castle to Nicolaus (II.) Vogt von Hunolstein, without taking into account the rights of the Trier lords. For many years this led to tensions and disputes. The bailiffs of Hunolstein now also called themselves Mr. zu Hunolstein. In the following years they succeeded in securing a hereditary feudal right. When this older, dynastic line of the Bailiffs von Hunoldstein died out in 1488, the Archbishops of Trier regarded their property as a fallen fiefdom and confiscated it.

The Hunolstein coat of arms appears in the Codex Balduineus , and the Lords of Hunolstein are also mentioned there as participants in King Henry VII's procession to Rome . They inherited the Knights of Merxheim around 1400 and then owned most of the Merxheim rule.

Adam III (* 1505; † July 26, 1540) was married to Maria Hilchen († 1561) von Lorch (Rheingau) the only daughter of the famous knight and imperial field marshal Johann (III) Hilchen von Lorch (* 1484; † 1548). Since he had no male descendants, his goods, including the Lorcher Hilchenhaus, came after his death to his daughter, who was already widowed at that time, and thus to her son Johann IV von Hunolstein († 1579). Maria's mother Dorothea (* 1492, † 1512) was a daughter of the wealthy knight Melchior von Rüdesheim. The von Rüdesheim family had partly inherited the von Wachenheim / Pfrimm and von Reipolzkirchen families. Since Melchior only had two daughters, his daughter Barbara von der Leyen (née von Rüdesheim) and his granddaughter Maria shared his inheritance after his death, which also fell to Johann IV von Hunolstein. Through his marriage to Elisabeth von Hagen, granddaughter of the last Junkers Mohr von Sötern , the family also acquired the Sötern Castle and the Eberswald rulership. Johann IV also built a Protestant church in 1578. The Lords of Hunolstein also had rights in the villages of Bosen, Berg Licht and Gräfenthron , and were joint rulers , with the Rear County of Sponheim , of two thirds of the Züsch rule.

coat of arms

In gold (yellow) for the older line and in silver (white) for the younger line with two red bars between 5, 4 and 3 rows of square stones. This symbolism is now part of the coat of arms of Morbach and Oberwörresbach . The older line had a black male body (wolf body with collar) as a crest ornament between a silver or a black flight, the covers are black-silver or red-gold. The crest of the younger line shows on a crowned helmet a bareheaded Moore's trunk or Hun's trunk, with silver-red covers.

  • Coat of arms of the older line

  • Coat of arms of the younger line

  • Güterstein (boundary stone of a property) from Lorch with the coat of arms of the Vögte v. Hunolstein, who were wealthy here from 1548 until the Sötern line died out in 1716.

  • Monsheim Castle , alliance coat of arms Lords von Wachenheim and Vogt von Hunolstein, 1651

genealogy

Bailiffs and Lords of Hunolstein (older line)

  • Hugo († around 1222)
  • Nicholas I († around 1247)
  • Nicholas II (around 1235, † around 1308)
  • Johannes († 1328)
  • Nicholas IV (* around 1324; † 1381)
  • Nicholas V (around 1358, † around 1416)
  • Nicholas VI (* around 1397; † around 1455)
  • Heinrich (* around 1435; † 1486), Vogt of Hunolstein-Neumagen
  • Elisabeth (* around 1476; † around 1536) ⚭ Count Salentin VII of Isenburg-Grenzau

Bailiffs and Lords of Hunolstein (younger line)

  • (...)
    • Adam II (* 1480; † 1520) ⚭ Elisabeth von Ratsamhausen
      • Adam III (* 1505; † July 26, 1540, was apparently poisoned at Oberhomburg Castle ) ⚭ (1529) Maria Hilchen von Lorch (* around 1508; † October 5, 1561 Merxheim)
        • Johann IV. (* 1532; † 1579), Lord of Hunolstein-Sötern ⚭ Elisabeth von Hagen († 1602) zur Motten.

When Johann IV died, his three sons, Hans Schweickard, Wilhelm, and Johann Adam, were still minors after an inheritance was divided up in 1588, Hans Schweikardt founded the Merksheim line, Wilhelm the Dürcastel line, and the youngest son Johann Adam the söter line in 1602. The inheritance was divided as follows:

Hans Schweickard, as the eldest son, was free to choose his third. He chose Merxheim and Züsch with the associated goods and rents . Half of the Dürcastel Castle in Lorraine, as well as the shares in Vinstingen and Hinsingen , the rule of Hüttersdorf , and the goods and pensions on the Moselle , fell to Wilhelm by Losendscheid . Johann Adam received both the house in Lorch and half of the castle Villingen (Felin) in Lorraine with all goods and rents.

The mother's Wittum remained undivided . a. the Steinkallenfels house as well as accessories and pensions from the Merxheim estate. It was contractually agreed that the inheritance shares would only be inherited in the respective male trunk and would revert to the other lines when it expired, while the remaining liabilities and the assets that were not shared should be managed together. After the mother's death in 1602, the Wittum was divided among the brothers. The youngest Johann Adam was given the house of Sötern, which from now on gave the name to his established line.

The Merxheim line from Hunolstein

  • Hans (Johann) Schweikardt († 1626) ⚭ Barbara von Warsberg
    • Hans Georg Nikolaus († 1640) ⚭ Anna Maria Tarthenheim
      • Georg Wilhelm ⚭?
        • Johann Georg (* 1675; † 1706 Merxheim) ⚭ Sophie Maria von Holzhausen
          • Georg Ernst (* 1797; † 1724) founded the Merxheim-Niederwiesen estate. As he died at the age of 27 without heirs, his younger brother, Johann Friedrich, took over the inheritance. The Merxheim-Niederwiesen branch line began with him
          • Philipp Friedrich founded the Merxheim-Merxheim branch line

Branch line Hunolstein Merxheim- Niederwiesen

  • Johann Friedrich ⚭ Maria Felicitas von Steinkallenfels
    • Karl Philipp (* 1732; † 1816) ⚭ Henriette Susanna von Laroche-Starkenfels
      • Friedrich Christian Karl Ernst Philipp (born April 22, 1760 Nieder-Wiesen; † 1808 Nack ) royal court marshal of Nassau, Saarbrug ⚭ Maria Magdalena von Fürstenrecht
        • Karl Daniel Leonhard (* January 23, 1788 in Saarbrücken, † January 14, 1867 in Fraulautern near Saarlouis) Forester in Merzig ⚭ Susanne Friederike Luise Fresenius

Branch line Hunolstein Merxheim-Merxheim

  • Philipp Friedrich (* 1700; † 1737) ⚭ Friederike von Gruso
    • Friedrich Christian Karl (* 1726; † 1786), royal French colonel, ⚭ Karoline Louise Sophie von Bettendorff (* 1730; † 1796)
      • Christian Philipp Friedrich called Steinkallenfels (* 1753; † 1832), royal Württemberg Colonel-Jägermeister, ⚭ I. 1778 Maria Christina Louise widowed Countess of the Rhine von Salm-Grumbach born. Countess von Eberstein (* 1759), ⚭ II. 1792 Johanna Freiin von Ströhla widowed Pflugk
        • Karl Alexander August (* 1802), Baden governor in Kork near Kehl, ⚭ Johanna Walter

The ducastellian line of Hunolstein

  • Wilhelm (* 1565; † 1607) ⚭ 1589 Anna Maria von Landsberg
    • Johann Wilhelm (* 1599; † 1664) General Feldzeugmeister from 1653 in command in Upper and Lower Silesia ⚭ Maria Elisabeth von Steinkallenfels (approx. * 1605; † 1669)
      • Franz Felix Karl (* 1637; † 1675) ⚭ Maria Elisabeth Walburga von Hatzfeld (* 1646; † 1706)
        • Franz Hermann Anton Leopold (* 1667; † 1748) ⚭ Johanna Barbara Charlotte vuz von Eltz-Oettingen (* 1678; † 1746)
          • Philipp Charles (* 1719; † 1790) was raised to the rank of count in 1777 under the name d`Hunolstein Comte d` Ottange Seigneur de Fontoy ⚭ Marie Therese de Gaude, Comtesse de Martainville († 1807)
            • Philipp Antoine (* 1751; † 1831) Maréchal de camp then Lt.-Gal. of the King's Army, Knight of the Order of St. Louis ⚭ Charlotte Gabrielle Elisabeth Aglae de Puget de Barbentane
              • Felix Philippe Charles (* 1778; † 1838) was born in 1817 by King Louis XVIII. appointed peer of France ⚭ Marie Claire Antoinette de Bourdeville († 1814)
                • Ludwig Maria Paul Comte Vogt von Hunolstein (* 1804; † 1892) ⚭ 1st marriage: Anne de Bouchet de Sourches de Tourzel ⚭ 2nd marriage: Claire de Bassompierre
                  • (from 1st marriage) Felix Johann Anton (* 1832; † 1906) ⚭ Marie Anne Josephe de Montmorency-Luxembourg (* 1838; † 1900)
                    • Edouard Marie Felix Comte d'Hunolstein (born January 29, 1861 - † April 24, 1953) ⚭ Armande Félicité Josephine Marie Nelly de Lévis-Mirepoix (born March 18, 1873 - † January 2, 1951)
                      • Henri d`Hunolstein

  • General Feldzeugmeister and Commander Joh. Wilhelm v. Hunolstein (* 1599; † 1664) / Dukastellian line

  • Philippe Antoine Vogt d'Hunolstein (* 1750; † 1831) / Duchy line

  • Pair Fеlix Philippe Charles d'Hunolstein (* 1778; † 1838) / Duchy line

The line of Hunolstein

  • Johann Adam († 1636) ⚭ Barbara Felicitas von Dürckheim
    • Otto Philipp Christoph Vogt v. Hunolstein Mr. zu Züsch u. Sötern († 1681) (he brought Züsch from the Merxheim house to himself) ⚭ Sophie Barbara von Degenfeld
      • Ernst Ludwig († September 3, 1716) ⚭ Marie Sibille von Gemmingen
      • Magdalena Catharina von Hunolstein (sister of Ernst Ludwig) ⚭ Wolf Friedrich Eckbrecht von Dürckheim
        • Wolf Philipp Heinrich Eckbrecht von Dürckheim (Ernst Ludwig put this, his only nephew, in his will, initially as heir, since he died prematurely in 1712, he designated his three underage sons as universal heirs.)
          • Christian Friedrich, Ernst Ludwig and Philipp Ludwig Eckbrecht von Dürckheim (The heirs of Ernst Ludwig von Hunolstein)

Ernst Ludwig's marriage remained childless. He bequeathed the rule of Sötern to the three grandchildren of his sister, the brothers Christian Friedrich, Ernst Ludwig and Philipp Ludwig Eckbrecht von Dürckheim . However, this did not correspond to the contractual agreements that were made when the estate was divided in 1588. When one line in the male line was extinguished, ownership should revert to the other lines of Hunolstein. The result was an almost 75-year legal dispute between the Freiherrn von Dürckheim and the Hunolsteiners, who saw themselves as legal heirs but ultimately could not prevail.

  • The "Haus zu Lorch" built in 1546 by Johann Hilchen von Lorch because of his death by his grandson Johann IV. Hunolstein completed in 1573. Hunolstein owned until 1716 when the Söter line was extinguished.

  • Monsheim Castle, inscription cartouche "Anna Margareta von Wachenheim nee Vögtin zu Hunollstein" ; Wife of General Otto Ludwig von Wachenheim († 1660), daughter of Johann Adam v. H. the founder of the line

  • Epitaphs of the line v. Hunolstein in the Evangelical Church of Sötern

swell

  • Johann Friedrich Schannat : Eiflia illustrata or geographical and historical description of the Eifel. Johann Peter Bachem 1829, p. 337. ( Google Books )
  • Friedrich Toepfer ( edit .): Document book for the history of the royal and baronial house of the Voegte von Hunolstein , vol. I. Jacob Zeiser, Nuremberg 1866 ( Google Books ); Vol. II. Jacob Zeiser, Nuremberg 1867 ( Google Books ); Vol. III. Ms. Campe, Nuremberg 1872 ( Google Books )
  • Philipp de Lorenzi: "Parish Hunolstein". In: Contributions to the history of all parishes in the Diocese of Trier. Volume 1: Trier District , Trier 1887, pp. 119–120. ( Online edition 2010 on dilibri Rheinlandpfalz )

literature

  • Ingrid Bodsch : castle and rule. On the territorial and castle policy of the Archbishops of Trier in the High Middle Ages up to the death of Dieter von Nassau († 1307) . Boppard 1989.
  • Martin Uhrmacher : dilecti fideles nostri? Lower aristocratic rule formation in the 13th century: the rise of the Hunolstein bailiffs. In: Dietrich Ebeling, Volker Henn , Rudolf Holbach, Winfried Reichert, Wolfgang Schmid (eds.): Regional history as a multidisciplinary science. Festschrift for Franz Irsigler on his 60th birthday. Trier 2001, pp. 23-43. (1 card)
  • Michael Embach: The Codex Hunolstein and its founder, the Trier cathedral dean Philipp von Hunolstein. In: Kurtrierisches Jahrbuch 2002. Trier 2002, p. 123 ff. (PDF)

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Eberswald was an allodium of the Lords of Vinstingen . In 1398 Heinrich von Vinstingen enfeoffed Nicolaus von Sötern, Arnold's son, with the Eberswalde, with Sötern, Schwarzenbach , Otzenhausen and Braunshausen and with the justice of Nonnweiler and Hermeskeil as one man's back.
  2. ↑ The rule Züsch consisted of the localities Züsch , Damflos and Neuhütten , in today's district of Trier-Saarburg .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.hunolstein.de
  2. ^ Johann Hilchen von Lorch (1548) / 1550, Lorch. Grave monuments in Hesse until 1650 (as of March 24, 2006). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on February 1, 2016 .
  3. ↑ inschriften.net
  4. ↑ Document book for the history of the count and baronial house of the bailiffs of Hunolstein. (books.google.de)
  5. ↑ Björn Alt: The castle and the castle of Sötern. ( Memento of the original from June 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.soetern.de
  6. ↑ www.morbach.de ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.morbach.de
  7. ↑ See Epitaph in Neumagen-Dhron
  8. ^ Document book for the history of the noble and baronial house of Hunolstein, Friedrich Toepfer 1872, Volume 3
  9. ^ Inscription catalog Bad Kreuznach: No. 287 † Merxheim, Evang. Parish church
  10. ↑ Peter Bernhard Photos of beautiful old coat of arms No. 1358
  11. ^ History of Nieder - Wiesen
  12. ↑ Genealogical website about the person
  13. ^ Non-Sovereign Princely and Ducal Houses of Europe Volume III - LII
  14. ↑ | Hunoldsteinerhof
  15. ↑ Document book for the history of the count and baronial house of the bailiffs of Hunolstein. Volume 3; 1872; Potter
  16. ^ Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts Second Section H to N; Hum - Hypexodon, Volume 2; 12th part; Hoffmann; 1835
  17. ↑ https://books.google.de/books?id=IShFAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP17&dq#v=onepage&q&f=false%7C " Actual process history in matters of the barons of Dürckheim"
  18. ↑ Genealogical website about the person

Web links