Wachenheim (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Wachenheim in the Ingeram Codex (around 1459)
Large family coat of arms, 1635, epitaph, Nikolauskirche Neuleiningen

The Lords of Wachenheim, also known as the Knights of Wachenheim , were a lineage of the Palatinate nobility , who had their home in the later Rhine-Hessian village of Wachenheim an der Pfrimm and owned a castle there.

Family history

overview

The family has its beginnings in the early 13th century and apparently derives its name from the place Wachenheim an der Pfrimm, whose coat of arms is similar to that of the noble family.

It had three black birds in the coat of arms, which are said to be blackbirds (blackbirds). The main name "Druschel" (thrush), which many relatives used, also refers to this. The birds are often misinterpreted or depicted as quails - without a basis - because it was believed to be able to derive the language root of the name Wachenheim (Wachtelheim) from it. It is also rumored in the description of the Wachenheim coat of arms. The sometimes used addition to the name “Beteler von Wachenheim” is unclear . According to a document from 1392, a family that is related and also has a bird in the coat of arms are the "Schott von Wachenheim" , who are also based in Wachenheim, but which died out in 1445. Also related were the Knights of Einselthum , who sometimes also bore the nickname of Wachenheim.

The family owned the lower castle in Wachenheim and later the upper castle . Fiefdoms of the Wachenheim properties were initially the Electors of Trier and the Counts of Leiningen , and later also the Electoral Palatinate .

In the 14th century, Dietz von Wachenheim appears as a co-builder of Treuenfels Castle near Altenbamberg . The Homburger Hof in Guntersblum belonged to the family in the 16th and 17th centuries and was called Wachenheimer Hof at that time . There was also a Wachenheimer Hof as a castle administrator's house in Neuleiningen . Today it has been converted into the village's Catholic rectory.

Not related is the noble family “Bonne von Wachenheim” from Worms , who only accepted the local addition after one of their members became a burgmann at the Wachtenburg in Wachenheim an der Weinstrasse .

Individual representatives and events

Family coat of arms, 1373, epitaph, Andreasstift Worms

A complete genealogy of the Wachenheimer is not known. In the local history work "Heimatbuch für Wachenheim an der Pfrimm taking into account its surroundings" (Johannes Würth, Verlag Emil Sommer, Grünstadt, 1930; new edition by the municipality of Wachenheim, 1982), a wealth of information about the family and the documents relating to them was found collected.

  • The first officially mentioned offspring is "Gerhard Beteler von Wachenheim" , who in 1240 received half of the town and the court of Monsheim as a fief from the Count of Leiningen .
  • In 1269 Gerhard von Wachenheim gave Dierolf von Hochheim and his wife Gude 28 acres of arable land behind the Hochheim church, which both used in 1279 to furnish the Maria Himmelskron monastery they founded . Gerhard von Wachenheim died on August 29, 1308 and his coat of arms grave slab from Maria Himmelskron is now in the Cathedral and Diocesan Museum in Mainz . Apparently there was generally a close relationship between the gentlemen from Wachenheim and this convent, as members were often buried there. In this context, u. a. Also to be mentioned is the coat of arms grave slab of Margareta von Wachenheim († 1373), which came as a historical relic from the monastery Himmelskron to the Andreasstift Worms , which now serves as the city museum .
  • On May 6, 1325, Pope John XXII. an indulgence for the church in Wachenheim (Pfrimm), apparently donated by the family, to which Dietz and Gerhardus Beteler von Wachenheim had "brought" and given a reliquary shrine "across the sea" .
  • In 1338 Dietz von Wachenheim and his wife Else von Hahnheim made donations to the monasteries Enkenbach , Klein-Frankenthal , Schönfeld ( Bad Dürkheim ) and Hasenpfuhl (Speyer) , where their four daughters were religious. In 1347 Dietz von Wachenheim endowed himself with an annual memorial in the Philippsstift Zell .
  • In 1366 Dietz von Wachenheim acquired the village of Hochstätten as a pledge from the von Hohenfels brothers , lords of Reipoltskirchen .
  • From 1383 to 1404 Peter von Wachenheim is documented as abbot of the Limburg monastery .
  • In 1398 Gerhard Beteler von Wachenheim appears as the electoral palatinate Burgmann zu Alzey , Dietz von Wachenheim is named as the deceased Burgmann von Oppenheim .
  • In 1400 Druschel von Wachenheim is mentioned as the prior of the Zell monastery.
  • In 1407 Hans von Wachenheim, Magister (later dean) at the Cyriakus Foundation in Worms, founded the Philipps Brotherhood of Zell. His relative, the Zeller Prior Druschel von Wachenheim, obtained confirmation from Archbishop Johannes II of Mainz . The valuable membership book with numerous miniatures is now in the Munich State Archives . Among other things, the following were registered as members: Ruprecht I , German King and Elector of the Palatinate, and the Palatinate Elector Ludwig III. , Ludwig IV. And Friedrich I. Druschel von Wachenheim and his brother Dietz von Wachenheim, canons at St. John's Church in Mainz , also donated money for construction work on the Zell collegiate church in the same year.
  • In 1429, Hans von Wachenheim received his share in Altleiningen Castle from Johann V. von Sponheim as a castle fief.
  • In 1438 Sifried von Wachenheim died as a canon of the Worms cathedral monastery
  • In 1446 Gerhard von Wachenheim was enfeoffed by Count Hesso von Leiningen-Dagsburg with half the villages of Monsheim and Einselthum. Multiple renewals of the fief took place until 1589.
  • On August 24, 1505, Johannes von Wachenheim was elected abbot of the Premonstratensian monastery in Rothenkirchen ( Kirchheimbolanden ), for a long time refused to accept the dignity for reasons of conscience, but then officiated until 1515.
  • 1517 Ursula von Wachenheim, née von Sternenfels, sold half of her share to Philipps vom Nuwenhuse and his wife Catharine Walßpornin to the castle, meadows and gardens of Barckhusen [Berghausen] for 430 fl.
  • 1518 Receipt from Frau Ursula von Wachenheim for 100 florins which had remained from the purchase schilling for the castle in Barckhusen [Berghausen]; [give on Tuesday after St. Johannis Baptistag 1518]
  • In 1524, Ambrosius von Wachenheim appears as the Liningian bailiff in Altleiningen .
General Otto Ludwig von Wachenheim († 1660, in Monsheim), engraved by Elias Widemann , 1649
  • On October 4th, 1552 Anna von Wachenheim, nee. von Irmtraut, second wife of Hans Jakob von Wachenheim. She was buried in the Count's crypt in Höningen , next to her friend, Countess Eva von Neu-Leiningen (1481–1543).
  • In 1633, Philipp Heinrich von Wachenheim, Nassau Oberamtmann in Usingen , acquired Niederhofheim as an inheritance. In 1967, the Niederhofheim community included three birds in their coat of arms in his memory, which also appear here incorrectly as quails. The grave slab of Philipp Heinrich's wife Rosina von Wachenheim geb. von Thüngen († 1623) is walled in at the Laurentiuskirche Usingen .
  • In 1635, October 29th, Friedrich Philipp von Wachenheim died and was buried in the Nikolauskirche in Neuleiningen , where a splendid coat of arms epitaph was dedicated to him.
  • During the Thirty Years' War , the imperial general sergeant Otto Ludwig von Wachenheim is mentioned several times . a. 1642 as commandant of Neisse in Silesia, which he handed over with honor on June 6th of that year, giving way to the overpowering Swedes under General Lennart Torstensson . In 1651 he had a sandstone bay built at Monsheim Castle , which is adorned with his coat of arms. He was the son of the aforementioned Friedrich Philipp von Wachenheim and died in Monsheim in 1660. From him and his wife Anna Margareta geb. Vogt von Hunolstein there are inscription cartouches at Monsheim Castle.
  • A branch of the Wachenheimer was located in Gemünden am Main in the 17th and 18th centuries , the founder of which was Christoph Friedrich von Wachenheim († 1709), a son of the aforementioned General Otto Ludwig von Wachenheim, who acted there from 1676 as senior bailiff of the Würzburg monastery .
  • The last documented message about the family of the Lords of Wachenheim dates from February 13, 1790. At that time, the royal Hungarian lieutenant colonel in the 8th Hussar Regiment "von Wurmser" , Franz von Wachenheim, left his "ancient and calmly possessed" for himself and his heirs Freiherrenstand ”confirmed by the Palatinate-Bavarian Elector Karl Theodor . As a colonel, he was also regimental commander of the 8th Imperial and Royal Hussar Regiment from 1793 and died on September 8, 1795 in Freiburg im Breisgau .
Family coat of arms 1751

coat of arms

The family coat of arms is divided three times across, in the colors gold, red and silver. In the upper golden field, three black birds run in a row to the right. The crest has wings on which the three birds reappear on both sides.

gallery

  • Grave slab of Margareta von Wachenheim († 1373), in the Worms City Museum (from the Maria Himmelskron monastery)

  • Epitaph of the knight Philipp Friedrich von Wachenheim († 1635), Nikolauskirche, Neuleiningen

  • Monsheim Castle, Wachenheim and Hunolstein alliance coat of arms , 1651

  • Monsheim Palace, inscription cartouche of General Otto Ludwig von Wachenheim († 1660)

literature

  • Friedrich Toepfer: Supplements V. The noble families of Wachenheim, Reipolzkirchen, Rüdesheim and Hilchin von Lorch . In: ders. (Ed.): Document book for the history of the royal and baronial house of the Voegte von Hunolstein , Bd. III. Ms. Campe, Nürnberg 1872, pp. 249–264 ( Google Books )
  • Johannes Würth: Home book for Wachenheim an der Pfrimm taking into account its surroundings. Verlag Emil Sommer, Grünstadt 1930, new edition by the municipality of Wachenheim (Pfrimm), 1982, pp. 52–124.
  • Johann Friedrich Gauhe : Of salvation. Rom. Reich's genealogical-historical nobility lexicon. Leipzig 1719, columns 1809 a. 1810; (Digital scan)
  • New contributions of old and new theological matters. Leipzig, year 1756, pp. 148–151; (Digital scan)

Web links

Commons : Wachenheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website of the Maria Himmelskron Monastery in Worms
  2. ^ Website of the grave slab of Gerhard von Wachenheim
  3. ^ Website on the history of the Wachenheim Church
  4. ↑ Website for the establishment of the Klein-Frankenthal Abbey
  5. ^ Wilhelm Manchot : Limburg Monastery. A construction science and historical treatise . Ed .: Mannheimer Altertumsverein . Berlin 1892, p. 20f.
  6. ↑ Detail page - LEO-BW. Retrieved on August 30, 2018 (German).
  7. ↑ Detail page - LEO-BW. Retrieved on August 30, 2018 (German).
  8. ^ Website on the local authority of Niederhofheim
  9. ↑ Photo of the grave slab (go to the grave monuments of the Evangelical Laurentius Church)
  10. ^ Website on Monsheim Castle
  11. ↑ Damian Hartard von Hattstein : Die Hoheit des Teutschen Reichs-Adels , Bamberg, 1751, Volume 1, p. 610; (Digital scan)
  12. ↑ Georg Höfling: Historical-topographical-statistical notes on the town of Gemünden in Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg. Würzburg, 1838, p. 112; (Digital scan)
  13. ^ Leopold von Ledebur : Archive for German aristocratic history, genealogy, heraldry and sphragistics. Volume 2, p. 145, Berlin, 1865; (Digital scan)
  14. ↑ Historical website with date of death
  15. ↑ Website mentioning the regimental commander
  16. ^ Gustav Amon von Treuenfest: History of the Imperial and Royal Hussar Regiment Alexander Freiherr v. Koller No. 8. 1880, p. 347; (Detail scan for the dates of death)
  17. ^ Austrian observer. No. 49, Vienna, February 18, 1822, p. 208 of the year; (Digital scan)
  18. ↑ Military schematism of the Austrian Empire. Vienna, 1822, p. 62; (Digital scan)
  19. ^ Newspaper for the German nobility. No. 40, Leipzig, May 16, 1840; P. 160 of the year; (Digital scan)
  20. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 24, of January 24, 1848, p. 376 of the year, (Digitalscan)
  21. ↑ Illustrierte Chronik 1848. Volume 1, p. 36, Leipzig, 1848; (Digital scan)