Wachenheim Castle
| Wachenheim Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Wachenheim Castle |
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| Alternative name (s): | Oberburg Wachenheim, Schloss Wachenheim or Schlossgut Lüll | |
| Creation time : | around 1278 | |
| Castle type : | Stadtburg / Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | receive | |
| Standing position : | Landed gentry | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone / red sandstone | |
| Place: | Wachenheim (Pfrimm) | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 38 '14 " N , 8 ° 10' 4" E | |
| Height: | 160 m above sea level NHN | |
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Wachenheim Castle , sometimes also called Oberburg Wachenheim , Castle Wachenheim (Pfrimm) or today Schlossgut Lüll , is an essentially medieval castle or palace complex in Wachenheim in southern Rheinhessen .
It is not to be confused with the Wachenburg , the occasionally incorrectly named Wachtenburg or with Wachenheim Castle in the town of Wachenheim an der Weinstrasse, which is a little further south, and the Wachenheim Castle sparkling wine cellar located here .
location
The system is located in the center of the municipality of Wachenheim in the Zellertal ( Verbandsgemeinde Monsheim ) in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Alzey-Worms . It stands at a height of around 160 m above sea level, a good 200 m south (right) of the Pfrimm . The address is: "Hauptstraße 41–45, 67591 Wachenheim". The associated park is bordered in the south by “Wormser Straße” ( B 47 ). The Wachenheim-Mölsheim stop on the Zellertal Railway, which is operated by tourists on Sundays and public holidays in the summer months, is also not far away .
history
The origin of the castle is unknown. After Karl Würth there were originally three castle complexes in Wachenheim. The oldest is said to have been in the area of the Romberger Hof and to have been built by the Archbishopric Trier or to have been in its possession. However, there is apparently neither reliable evidence of this from historical sources nor from archaeological finds .
History is certain that Count Palatine Louis II, Duke of Bavaria in 1278 Emich IV. From the Leininger Counts for Burgmann was appointed in Wachenheim, assuming that this is the same place at the Pfrimm. The existence of a castle in Wachenheim since 1324 is documented when a "Knight Dietz von Wachenheim" gave Count Palatine Adolf the feudal rights of the part of the castle belonging to him. Even at that time, the complex was apparently a legacy of the Lords of Wachenheim , since in 1336 another part owner, "Gerhard von Wachenheim", bequeathed his property to Archbishop Balduin of Luxembourg as a fief. In the following years the castle, which was partly owned by the von Wachenheim family or enfeoffed and then apparently at least partly returned, was inhabited by members of the von Wachenheim family. This older castle complex was the "lower castle" or the "lower castle", of which there are no structural relics left today.
The castle that still exists today, also called "Oberburg" or "Oberschloss", was built around 1471 or 1480 (possibly after the lower castle was partially destroyed) in the immediate vicinity of the still existing residential tower as the origin or core of the new castle. Initially still in the hands of the Lords of Wachenheim, the ownership, possession, feudal and Wittum rights to the castle changed several times in the following period. Among other things, the noble families von der Leyen , Landschad von Steinach , Carben , and Leiningen-Westerburg are named as part owners, fiefs givers and takers. At the end of the 18th century, Wachenheim Castle became the property of the von Botzheim family .
The castle, which was neither destroyed by the Palatine War of Succession nor by French revolutionary troops , was expanded and expanded in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1889 the widow Julie Valerie Steeg sold the upper castle and the associated estate to landowner Jakob Heinrich Stauffer and his wife Margareta, née Schilling from Ibersheim, for 232,000 marks. After his death in 1925, the property came into the possession of Karl Lüll by marriage , in 1943 to Hans Lüll and in 1976 to Hans and Lotti Lüll .
description
Oldest preserved part of the castle is the Gothic castle keep (apparently) from the time around 1470/71. It clearly towers above the other castle buildings as well as the town's residential buildings and is a characteristic landmark in the silhouette of Wachenheim. The tower, which has a rectangular floor plan with a side length of 11 × 8 meters and a wall thickness of around 1.1 m, is made of rubble stones (only partially plastered today) , with some corner stones made of red sandstone . It served as a residential tower and, with its six full storeys rising from the cellar vault and the undeveloped attic under the hipped roof, is considered the highest of its kind in Rheinhessen. A semicircular stair tower that extends to the third floor is built on the northern side . A side wing is dated to the year 1572 when it was built.
The apparently oldest of the farm buildings surrounding the spacious inner courtyard dates from 1617. The gate system was built in 1892 and the remaining single-storey farm wings and stables date from around the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
The castle or defensive wall surrounding the extensive park with a baroque garden house is dated to the 14th to 16th centuries.
Probably the youngest listed buildings of the complex is the north of the residential tower standing in 1901 in the Gothic Revival style built villas - or castle-like dwellings. The two-and-a-half to three-storey building consists of plastered and brightly painted brickwork, while the basement, a high terrace with an attached archway, the corner pilasters , the framing of the doors and windows and other decorative elements of the facade are made of unplastered red colored sandstone. An octagonal turret of roughly the same height emerges from the front facade of the residential building. On the west flank there is a second, slightly higher, round stone tower, the half-timbered upper floor of which also has an octagonal shape.
Monument protection
The castle complex is under monument protection and is entered in the list of cultural monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
Todays use
The castle is now inhabited by the owner and operated as a winery . In the rooms of the castle and in the approximately 17,000 m² park, which was laid out around 1747 in the late Baroque / Rococo style and partially serves as a sculpture garden , private celebrations or occasionally generally accessible events take place. The inner courtyard, the park and, if necessary, individual buildings can be visited.
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages, floor plan lexicon . Weidlich / Flechsig, Würzburg 1994, ISBN 3-8035-1372-3 , p. 630.
- Palatinate Castle Lexicon. Volume 4.2: St-Z. Kaiserslautern 2007, ISBN 978-3-927754-56-0 .
Web links
- Entry on Castle Wachenheim in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Homepage of Schlossgut Lüll
- The upper castle in Wachenheim
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl Würth: The Wachenheimer castles. First and oldest castle popularly known as Romberger Hof. and Karl Würth: The Wachenheimer castles - the upper and lower castle. In: Home year books of the Alzei-Worms district. Issue 37 (2002), pp. 86-89 and Issue 38 (2003), pp. 107-109.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Stefan Grathoff: Wachenheim / Pfrimm ( Memento of the original from December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ↑ a b c d e f g General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (Ed.) Informational directory of cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate, Alzei-Worms district, PDF file , p. 40.
- ↑ burgenwelt.de: Castle Luell (Obernburg) , accessed on 26 February 2012 found.
