Ingwiller
| Ingwiller | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Saverne | |
| Canton | Ingwiller | |
| Community association | Hanau-La Petite Pierre | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 52 ' N , 7 ° 29' E | |
| height | 185–371 m | |
| surface | 18.05 km 2 | |
| Residents | 4,064 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 225 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67340 | |
| INSEE code | 67222 | |
| Website | http://www.ingwiller.fr/ | |
.jpg) Ingwiller town hall |
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Ingwiller ( German Ingweiler ) is a French commune with 4064 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ).
Ingwiller is located in the Palatinate Forest-Vosges du Nord biosphere reserve .
history
middle Ages
The oldest surviving documentary mention of Ingweiler, as Ingoniunilare , dates back to 742. Other older forms of name are: 785 Ilununilare , 1175 Ingichwilre and 1178 in a bull by Pope Alexander III as Ingevilre . Ingweiler was a fiefdom from the Bishop of Metz to the Lords of Lichtenberg . The fiefdom also included customs and escort from Strasbourg to Westrich . In the 13th century, Ingweiler initially belonged to the Buchsweiler office of the Lichtenberg rule . When this office became too extensive due to various acquisitions, the Ingweiler office was spun off from it in 1330 . The city of Ingweiler gave the office its name and became its “capital”. The reason for the spin-off could have been an internal restructuring, when around 1330 there was a first and 1335 a second division of the country between the three lines of the House of Lichtenberg . Ingweiler fell half to Johann II von Lichtenberg , from the older line of the house, and half to the descendants of Johann III, who died early . von Lichtenberg , who established the middle line of the house. At the same time Ingweiler suburb was the same Büttelei Ingweiler .
At the request of Simons von Lichtenberg , Emperor Ludwig IV, the Bavarian , raised Ingweiler to the city of 1345 and granted it the city charter of Haguenau , allowed the inhabitants to surround their city with walls, ditches and fences and to hold a weekly market on Friday.
After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Count Jakob, the rule was divided and the office of Ingweiler initially fell to Zweibrücken-Bitsch.
Early modern age
However, in 1570 another inheritance brought the Ingweiler office to the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg . The Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg introduced the Reformation in their county from the middle of the 16th century , which now became Lutheran .
Due to the reunification policy of France around 1680 the parts of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Alsace fell under the suzerainty of France , including the office and city of Ingweiler.
1736 died with Count Johann Reinhard III. the last male representative of the Hanau family. Due to the marriage of his only daughter, Charlotte (* 1700; † 1726), with the Hereditary Prince Ludwig (VIII.) (* 1691; † 1768) of Hesse-Darmstadt , the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell there. As a result of the French Revolution , the left bank of the Hanau-Lichtenberg county - and with it Ingweiler - fell to France.
Modern times
After the end of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, 166 residents of the city of Ingwiller took up the option of the Peace of Frankfurt of 1871 to remain French citizens, which meant that they had to leave Alsace for France.
Population development
| 1798 | 1895 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2012 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1344 | 2255 | 3074 | 3257 | 3674 | 3900 | 3753 | 3847 | 4060 | 4242 | 4064 |
Personalities
Born in Ingwiller
- André Birmelé (* 1949), Lutheran theologian
- Michel Bury (* 1952), marksman
- Norbert Cohn (1904–1989), German-Jewish jazz musician
- Régis Dorn (* 1979), football player
- Jean-Georges Klein (* 1950), chef, awarded Michelin stars
- Philippe Richert (* 1953), politician
literature
- Jean-Claude Brumm: Quelques dates importantes dans l'histoire… . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 10f.
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Karl Letz: History of the city of Ingweiler. Zabern, 1896.
- Alfred Matt: Bailliages, prévôté et fiefs ayant fait partie de la Seigneurie de Lichtenberg, du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg, du Landgraviat de Hesse-Darmstadt . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 7-9.
- Adam Walther Strobel: Patriotic history of Alsace from the earliest times to the revolution in 1789 . Strasbourg, 1841–1849 (2nd edition 1851).
