Lochwiller
| Lochwiller | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Saverne | |
| Canton | Saverne | |
| Community association | Pays de Saverne | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 42 ' N , 7 ° 25' E | |
| height | 200-271 m | |
| surface | 4.63 km 2 | |
| Residents | 417 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 90 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67440 | |
| INSEE code | 67272 | |
Lochwiller ( German : Lochweiler , historically also: Lechtweiler ) is a French commune with 417 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ).
geography
The village lies in the Upper Rhine Plain . The area outside the village center is mainly used for agriculture. Lochwiller does not have direct access to a department road . Side streets connect the town in a star shape with the surrounding communities. These are Schwenheim in the north, Wolschheim in the northeast, Kleingœft in the southeast, Reutenbourg in the southwest and Marmoutier in the west. The closest town is Saverne , nine kilometers west of Lochwiller.
history
middle Ages
Lochweiler belonged to the Ochsenstein lordship . When the family of the von Ochsenstein extinct in the male line with Georg von Ochsenstein 1485, the inheritance came through his sister to the counts of Zweibrücken-Bitsch .
Early modern age
In 1570 there was another inheritance that brought Lochweiler to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg : Count Jakob von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (* 1510; † 1570) and his brother Simon V. Wecker , who died in 1540, each left only one daughter as heir. Count Jakob's daughter, Margarethe (* 1540; † 1569), was married to Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1541; † 1599). The inheritance resulting from this constellation also included the rule of Ochsenstein. In the administrative structure of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg, Lochweiler was added to the Westhofen office . Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg immediately carried out the Reformation in the inherited areas , which, like the rest of his dominion, now became Lutheran .
With the reunion policy of France under King Louis XIV , the Westhofen and Lochweiler offices came under French suzerainty. In the 18th century they no longer belonged to the Westhofen office, which after the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , 1736 fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte , the Hereditary Prince and later Landgrave Ludwig (IX) of Hessen-Darmstadt .
Contemporary history
By drilling a geothermal power plant in 2003, a previously water-impermeable layer of clay was penetrated at a depth of 100 meters. Since then, groundwater has penetrated into rock layers, in which it reacts chemically with calcium sulphate , converting it into gypsum , which takes up a much larger volume, expands and thus raises the surface. As in the case of the uplift cracks in Staufen im Breisgau , there are cracks in buildings and the sinking of streets.
Population development
| 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2012 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 260 | 268 | 281 | 322 | 341 | 345 | 372 | 443 | 439 |
Attractions
- Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur Church , built in 1756
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 652-654.
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
