Marmoutier
| Marmoutier | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Saverne | |
| Canton | Saverne | |
| Community association | Pays de Saverne | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 41 ′ N , 7 ° 23 ′ E | |
| height | 188-367 m | |
| surface | 14.07 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,726 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 194 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67440 | |
| INSEE code | 67283 | |
The French community Marmoutier ( German : Maursmünster , often erroneously called "Wall Münster") is located in the department of Bas-Rhin in the region Grand Est (2015 Alsace ) and has 2726 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017). It belongs to the canton of Saverne .
geography
Marmoutier is located about 35 kilometers northwest of Strasbourg and nine kilometers south of Saverne / Zabern. The districts of Sindelsberg and Biegen belong to the community .
history
middle Ages
In 590, St. Leonhard founded the Maursmünster Monastery , a Benedictine monastery . It owes its name to the abbot Maurus, who rebuilt the monastery in the 12th century and reformed it based on Hirsau's model. The castle and town of Maursmünster as well as the bailiwick of the monastery were a fief of the Bishop of Strasbourg to the Lords of Lichtenberg , who acquired it in two stages: in 1393 they bought a share from the Bishop of Strasbourg, in 1454 the share of the Lords of Ochsenstein . In the rule of Lichtenberg it was assigned to the Westhofen office, which was established in the 13th century. Especially in the 14th century the monastery flourished.
When Jakob von Lichtenberg, the last male member of the house, died in 1480 , the inheritance was shared between his two nieces, Anna and Elisabeth. Anna had married Count Philipp I (the Elder) of Hanau (1417–1480), through whom the Westhofen office came to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , which resulted from this marriage .
Modern times
With France's reunion policy under King Louis XIV , the Westhofen and Maursmünster offices came under French sovereignty. After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , the inheritance - and with it Maursmünster - fell in 1736 to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte , the hereditary prince and later Landgrave Ludwig (IX.) of Hesse-Darmstadt . In Hesse-Darmstadt time, Maursmünster no longer belonged to the Westhofen office. In 1792 the monastery was closed during the French Revolution .
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
| Residents | 1686 | 1789 | 1948 | 2024 | 2235 | 2444 | 2688 | 2726 |
Attractions
In the church of Saint Etienne of the former monastery Marmoutier from the 11th century with three Romanesque towers , a Gothic nave and the church choir from the 18th century there is an organ by the Strasbourg organ builder Andreas Silbermann .
Parish partnership
Marmoutier maintains a partnership with the municipality of Sasbach in Baden-Württemberg .
Personalities
- Leobard von Maursmünster († around 680) was the first abbot of the Maursmünster monastery.
- The name Maursmünster is still known today through the playwright and poet Jacob Frey (1520–1562), who lived in the town as a town clerk and notary from 1545 .
- Albert Kahn (1860–1940), wealthy banker and pioneer of color photography, was born in Maursmünster / Marmoutier.
literature
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/64
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 655-668.
Web links
- Marmoutier on paysdemarmoutier.eu (French)
- more information about Marmoutier and the monastery church