Hirsau

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Hirsau
City of Calw
Hirsau coat of arms
Coordinates: 48 ° 44 ′ 17 "  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 58"  E
Height : 327 m
Residents : 2291  (2017)
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Incorporated into: Calw-Hirsau
Postal code : 75365
Area code : 07051

Hirsau , until 1975 an independent municipality, is now a district of the large district town of Calw in the northern Black Forest . Hirsau has 2191 inhabitants and is predominantly touristy.

geography

The Württemberg climatic health resort is located in the northern Black Forest, about two kilometers north of the core town of Calw in the deeply cut Nagold Valley (between 330 m near St. Aurelius, 560 m near the state clinic). The Tälesbach flows into the Hirsauer Kurpark and flows through a side valley east of the Calw district. On the opposite, western side of the Nagold valley is the side valley of the Schweinbach, which also flows into the Nagold in Hirsau. The Bruderhöhle is located north of Hirsau .

history

Hirsau after its destruction in 1692: general view from the south. In the foreground on the right the Aurelius Monastery, on the hill on the left the St. Peter's Monastery (watercolor)
Hirsau Castle, ruins, 1692
Hirsau 1907

The Hirsau Monastery , where the town of the same name was formed, played an essential role in the history of Hirsau . Above the Nagold River , the then largest German monastery and the largest Romanesque church building in Germany were built between 1082 and 1091 , a three-aisled, almost 100-meter-long basilica with two west towers, which were completed around 1120. The monastery was the most important German base of the monastic renewal movement that originated in the French monastery of Cluny in the Middle Ages .

In 1556, after the Reformation , the monastery became a Protestant monastery school . The dukes of Württemberg also had a three-winged Renaissance castle built on the monastery grounds from 1586–1592 .

The French General Mélac with a fire torch, bridge figure by Peter Lenk

In 1692, during the Palatinate War of Succession, the mighty monastery church, the monastery school and the castle were set on fire by French troops under the command of General Mélac and thus destroyed. After that, the stones from the ruins were used as material for other buildings. This extensive destruction was only ended in 1808 by a decree of the King of Württemberg .

The Hirsau Monastery area was administered by the Hirsau Monastery Office until 1807, which was then merged with the Calw Office . In 1830, an independent community of Hirsau was formed within the Calw District Office.

Hirsau stop with the former station building (now privately owned)

In 1874 it was connected to the Nagold Valley Railway , which gave the town connections in the direction of Pforzheim and Horb , and from Calw, a station south of Hirsau, you could take the Württemberg Black Forest Railway in the direction of Stuttgart .

In 1956, after restoration work , St. Aurelius was rededicated as a Catholic parish church. St. Aurelius was the second and older monastery in Hirsau, whose origins go back to the beginning of the 9th century.

In 1968, the development of the western hill began for the construction of the Northern Black Forest State Clinic , today the Northern Black Forest Clinic . The facility started operations in 1975.

As part of the community reform , the community of Hirsau was merged with the city of Calw on January 1, 1975 to form the city ​​of Calw-Hirsau . However, with effect from January 1, 1976, the new city was renamed City of Calw .

Attractions

Bridge figures by Peter Lenk and ruins in Hirsau
  • Hirsau Monastery
  • Ruin monastery of St. Peter and Paul with
    • Cloister
  • Ruin of the hunting lodge
  • St. Aurelius Church (right of the Nagold)
  • Bridge figures by Peter Lenk on the B 463: Melac, Abbot Wilhelm and a rocker bride

Public facilities

There is a spa center with a spa hall, treatment facilities and a spa park and a mini golf course. In the center of the village is the old town hall, which houses the administration of the district and a lending library.

Hirsau has two sports clubs. The VFR Hirsau is a football club with a larger sports field. The TSV Hirsau offers handball, tennis, table tennis and gymnastics, among other things.

Hirsau has a primary school.

religion

  • The Protestant Christians in Hirsau form a Protestant parish in the church district of Calw-Nagold with services in the Marienkapelle in the former monastery area. This was the only building that remained intact during the great fire in 1692. A little later this gem of late Gothic architecture became a Protestant parish church. The monastery library was on the upper floor. From 1888–1892, the Württemberg senior building officer Karl von Sauter redesigned the Marienkapelle in the neo-Gothic style . The westwork, net vaults and coloring date from this time, and remnants of the colored glazing from that time have been preserved in the portal tympanum. The glass artist Wolf-Dieter Kohler created the three choir windows in 1970 (left: birth and passion of Christ; right: resurrection and ascension; center: the Lord exalted, judging and coming). The north window of the choir from around 1920 to commemorate the fallen in 1914/18 was designed by the Stuttgart artist Käte Schaller-Härlin , who had lost her recently married husband in the war in 1917.
  • The Catholic Christians belong to the pastoral care unit Calw-Bad Liebenzell with church services in the Aurelius Church.
  • The Turkish-Islamic Union (Ditib) maintains a mosque near the train station .
  • In Hirsau there are also two regional free churches, the Church of God and the Immanuel Church in Calw.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

Persons connected to Hirsau

literature

  • Wolfgang Hartmann: From the Main to Trifels Castle - from Hirsau Monastery to Naumburg Cathedral. On the traces of the Franconian noble family of the Reginbodonen in the Middle Ages. Publications of the history and art association Aschaffenburg e. V., Vol. 52, Aschaffenburg 2004, ISBN 3-87965-098-5 .
  • Albrecht Kottmann, Helmut Schloß: Hirsau in the Black Forest. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1994, (without ISBN).

Web links

Commons : Hirsau  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Hirschau  - in the description of the Oberamt Calw from 1860

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 488 f .
  2. ^ Website of the Hirsau parish
  3. ↑ Acceptance of the honorary citizenship proposed to him: April 24, 1933 ( autograph online ). - On February 20, 2014, the Calw town council and the Hirsau town council distanced themselves “in all form from the person Adolf Hitler and his crimes and from being granted honorary citizenship in 1933.” ( Decision online ( Memento from December 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive )).