Neuwiller-lès-Saverne
| Neuwiller-lès-Saverne | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Saverne | |
| Canton | Ingwiller | |
| Community association | Hanau-La Petite Pierre | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 49 ' N , 7 ° 24' E | |
| height | 187-415 m | |
| surface | 31.89 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,113 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 35 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67330 | |
| INSEE code | 67322 | |
 Neuwiller-lès-Saverne |
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Neuwiller-lès-Saverne ( German : Neuweiler ) is a French commune with 1,113 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ).
geography
Neuwiller is located about 20 kilometers northwest of Strasbourg . The district of the municipality belongs to the Northern Vosges Nature Park, the French part of the Palatinate Forest-Vosges du Nord biosphere reserve .
history
middle Ages
Neuweiler was acquired by the Lords of Lichtenberg in 1298 when it was pledged to them by the Bishop of Metz , but was never redeemed. The pledge was later converted into a fiefdom of the Bishop of Metz. The Lords of Lichtenberg also owned the bailiwick of Neuweiler Abbey . In the 13th century Neuweiler belonged to the Buchsweiler office of the Lichtenberg rule. In 1335 the land was divided between the middle and younger lines of the House of Lichtenberg . Neuweiler fell to the descendants of Johann III, who died early . von Lichtenberg , who established the middle line of the house. In 1337 Neuweiler received city rights , namely that of Hagenau . At the beginning of the 15th century, the Neuweiler office was spun off from the Buchsweiler office and the city gave its name to the new office .
After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Count Jakob, in 1480, the rule was divided and the Neuweiler office initially fell to Zweibrücken-Bitsch .
Modern times
However, there was another inheritance in 1570, which brought the Neuweiler Office to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg . The Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg introduced the Reformation in their county from the middle of the 16th century , which now became Lutheran .
Due to the reunification policy of France around 1680 , the parts of the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Alsace fell under the sovereignty of France , including the town and office of Neuweiler.
1736 died with Count Johann Reinhard III. the last male representative of the Hanau family. Due to the marriage of his only daughter, Charlotte (* 1700; † 1726), with the Hereditary Prince Ludwig (VIII.) (* 1691; † 1768) of Hesse-Darmstadt , the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell there. As a result of the French Revolution , the left bank of the Hanau-Lichtenberg county - and thus Neuweiler - fell to France.
Population development
| year | 1798 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2004 | 2012 | 2017 |
| Residents | 1332 | 1201 | 1206 | 1115 | 1059 | 1166 | 1146 | 1134 | 1132 | 1113 |
Attractions
- The former abbey church of St. Peter and Paul , founded around 720, was one of the oldest monasteries on the Upper Rhine. In its first years this was among others by St. Pirminius headed. The church is one of the most artistically valuable and stylistically diverse in Alsace. It has a Carolingian crypt (8th century), Romanesque chapels (11th century), a choir and a transept in the transition style to Gothic (late 12th century), a purely Gothic nave (13th century) and a classicist facade with a tower (1768). The remains of the monastery building (chapter house, one wing of the cloister) are Gothic in style (13th century). The furnishings are very rich (medieval grave monuments and tapestries from the years after 1504 with depictions of the life and miracles of Saint Adelphus of Metz in the chapels; baptismal font , pulpit , Adelphi shrine, organ , holy grave in the nave). The portals and rose windows are also remarkably designed and decorated. To the north of the church, archaeological remains of other, lost buildings of the monastery can be seen.
- The today Protestant church of St. Adelphus was built between 1200 and 1225 in the transition style from Romanesque to Gothic. It impresses with its powerful west facade and its simple interior. The choir of the church was demolished in the 19th century, which until then contained the reliquary and tapestries with the life of Adelphus of Metz and replaced by a flat wall.
- The castle Herrnstein (ruins) was the beginning of the 13th century by the Counts of Dabo built. In the 16th century it was converted into a fortress by the Alsatian military architect Daniel Specklin .
- Former synagogue , built in 1875, and Jewish cemetery , laid out in 1877
Church of St. Peter and Paul, double chapel and transept with crossing tower
Church of St. Peter and Paul, view from the north
Church of St. Peter and Paul, north transept
Church of St. Peter and Paul, interior view
St. Adelphe Church, west facade
literature
- Jean-Claude Brumm: Quelques dates importantes dans l'histoire… . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 10f.
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Henri Hitz: The tapestries of St. Adelphus von Neuwiller-les-Saverne , Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Saverne et environs (SHASE) 1989.
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Alfred Matt: Bailliages, prévôté et fiefs ayant fait partie de la Seigneurie de Lichtenberg, du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg, du Landgraviat de Hesse-Darmstadt . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 7-9.
- Jaques Wimpfeling (German: Jakob Wimpheling ): Vita Sancti Adelphi , 1506.
Web links
- Views of the city and its churches (French)
Remarks
- ^ Eyer, p. 238, counts the city as part of the Ingweiler office ; according to a source mentioned in Knöpp, p. 14 (probably later, but at least in the 18th century) on the Wolfisheim office .