Januária: Difference between revisions
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{{About||the Princess|Princess Januária of Brazil|the month|January}} |
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[[Image:MinasGerais Municip Januaria.svg|thumb|right|250px| Location of Januária in the state of [[Minas Gerais]]]] |
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{{Infobox settlement |
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'''Januária''', known as "The Queen of the Beautiful Waters" is a city and municipality in northern [[Minas Gerais]] state, [[Brazil]]. It is located on the left bank of the [[São Francisco River]]. The population was 64,985 inhabitants (IBGE 2007) and the area of the municipality was 6,691 km² (2007). |
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|official_name = Januária |
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|nickname = {{lang-pt|A Rainha das Águas Bonitas}} (''The Queen of the Beautiful Waters'') |
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|motto = |
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|image_skyline = |
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|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = |
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|image_flag = File:Bandeira de Januária.jpg |
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|image_seal = File:Brasão de Januária.jpg |
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|image_map = Image:MinasGerais Municip Januaria.svg |
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|mapsize = |
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|map_caption = Location in [[Brazil]] |
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|pushpin_map = Brazil |
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|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] |
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|subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}} |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Southeast Region, Brazil|Southeast]] |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Brazil|Region]] |
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|subdivision_type2 = [[States of Brazil|State]] |
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Minas Gerais]] |
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|subdivision_type3 = [[Mesoregion (Brazil)|Mesoregion]] |
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|subdivision_name3 = [[Mesoregion of North of Minas Gerais|North of Minas Gerais]] |
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|subdivision_type4 = [[Microregion (Brazil)|Microregion]] |
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|subdivision_name4 = [[Microregion of Januária|Januária]] |
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|leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
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|leader_name = Manoel Jorge de Castro |
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|established_title = Founded |
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|established_date = October 7, 1860 |
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|established_title2 = |
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|established_date2 = |
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|area_magnitude = |
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|area_total_km2 = 6691.174 |
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|area_total_sq_mi = |
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|area_land_km2 = |
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|area_land_sq_mi = |
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|area_water_km2 = |
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|area_water_sq_mi = |
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|area_water_percent = |
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|area_urban_km2 = |
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|area_urban_sq_mi = |
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|area_metro_km2 = |
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|area_metro_sq_mi = |
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|population_as_of = 2020 <ref>[https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/mg/januaria/panorama IBGE 2020]</ref> |
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|population_note = |
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|population_footnotes = |
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|population_total = 67,852 |
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|population_metro = |
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|population_urban = |
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|population_density_km2 = 10.14 |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
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|timezone = [[Time in Brazil|BRT]] |
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|utc_offset = −3 |
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|timezone_DST = |
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|utc_offset_DST = |
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|coordinates = {{coord|15|29|16|S|44|21|43|W|region:BR|display=inline,title}} |
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|elevation_m = 434 |
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|elevation_ft = |
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|blank_name = '''[[Human Development Index|HDI]]''' (2000) |
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|blank_info = 0.699 |
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|website = http://www.januaria.mg.gov.br |
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|footnotes = |
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}} |
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'''Januária''' is a [[Municipalities of Brazil|municipality]] in northern [[Minas Gerais]] state, [[Brazil]]. It is located on the left bank of the [[São Francisco River]]. The population was 67,852 inhabitants (IBGE 2020) and the area of the municipality was 6,691 km<sup>2</sup> (2007). |
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==Municipal limits== |
==Municipal limits== |
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Januária is limited in the north by the state of [[Bahia]], [[Bonito de Minas]] and [[Cônego Marinho]], in the south with [[São Francisco]], in the east with [[Pedras de Maria da Cruz]] and [[Itacarambi]], and in the west with [[Chapada Gaúcha]]. |
Januária is limited in the north by the state of [[Bahia]], [[Bonito de Minas]] and [[Cônego Marinho]], in the south with [[São Francisco, Minas Gerais|São Francisco]], in the east with [[Pedras de Maria da Cruz]] and [[Itacarambi]], and in the west with [[Chapada Gaúcha]]. |
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==Microregion== |
==Microregion== |
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Januária is also a statistical microregion ('''number 31''') consisting of 16 municipalities: [[Bonito de Minas]], [[Chapada Gaúcha]], [[Cônego Marinho]], [[Icaraí de Minas]], [[Itacarambi]], Januária, [[Juvenília]], [[Manga, Minas Gerais|Manga]], [[Matias Cardoso]], [[Miravânia]], [[Montalvânia]], [[Pedras de Maria da Cruz]], [[Pintópolis]], [[São Francisco, Minas Gerais|São Francisco]], [[São João das Missões]], and [[Urucuia]]. The area is 15,945.80 km² and the population was 246,071 in 2000. |
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Januária is also a statistical microregion (number 31) consisting of 16 municipalities: [[Bonito de Minas]], [[Chapada Gaúcha]], [[Cônego Marinho]], [[Icaraí de Minas]], [[Itacarambi]], Januária, [[Juvenília]], [[Manga, Minas Gerais|Manga]], [[Matias Cardoso]], [[Miravânia]], [[Montalvânia]], [[Pedras de Maria da Cruz]], [[Pintópolis]], [[São Francisco, Minas Gerais|São Francisco]], [[São João das Missões]], and [[Urucuia]]. The area is 15,945.80 km<sup>2</sup> and the population was 246,071 in 2000. |
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==Districts== |
==Districts== |
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| Line 13: | Line 76: | ||
==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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With an elevation of 454.87 meters the average annual temperature is 26 |
With an elevation of 454.87 meters the average annual temperature is 26°. Temperatures vary between maxima of 38° and 12.6°. The climate is tropical with transition to semi-arid and its vegetation is composed of [[cerrado]] (savanna) and clusters of [[caatinga]] (thorn bush). The size of the municipality ranks it among the 75 largest municipalities of the state of Minas Gerais. |
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{{Weather box |
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| width = auto |
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| collapsed = yes |
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| metric first = yes |
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| single line = yes |
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| location = Januária (1991–2020) |
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| Jan high C = 31.7 |
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| Feb high C = 32.1 |
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| Mar high C = 31.8 |
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| Apr high C = 32.0 |
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| May high C = 31.4 |
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| Jun high C = 30.7 |
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| Jul high C = 30.6 |
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| Aug high C = 32.0 |
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| Sep high C = 34.1 |
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| Oct high C = 34.7 |
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| Nov high C = 31.9 |
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| Dec high C = 31.2 |
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| year high C = 32.0 |
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| Jan mean C = 25.4 |
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| Feb mean C = 25.5 |
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| Mar mean C = 25.3 |
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| Apr mean C = 24.8 |
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| May mean C = 23.2 |
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| Jun mean C = 21.9 |
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| Jul mean C = 21.5 |
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| Aug mean C = 22.9 |
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| Sep mean C = 25.4 |
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| Oct mean C = 27.0 |
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| Nov mean C = 25.7 |
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| Dec mean C = 25.3 |
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| year mean C = 24.5 |
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| Jan low C = 20.5 |
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| Feb low C = 20.3 |
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| Mar low C = 20.4 |
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| Apr low C = 19.2 |
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| May low C = 16.8 |
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| Jun low C = 14.7 |
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| Jul low C = 14.0 |
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| Aug low C = 15.2 |
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| Sep low C = 18.2 |
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| Oct low C = 20.8 |
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| Nov low C = 21.0 |
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| Dec low C = 20.7 |
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| year low C = 18.5 |
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| precipitation colour = green |
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| Jan precipitation mm = 162.0 |
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| Feb precipitation mm = 121.5 |
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| Mar precipitation mm = 142.0 |
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| Apr precipitation mm = 36.9 |
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| May precipitation mm = 8.6 |
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| Jun precipitation mm = 1.5 |
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| Jul precipitation mm = 0.2 |
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| Aug precipitation mm = 0.9 |
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| Sep precipitation mm = 8.0 |
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| Oct precipitation mm = 52.9 |
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| Nov precipitation mm = 191.6 |
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| Dec precipitation mm = 208.1 |
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| year precipitation mm = 934.2 |
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| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |
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| Jan precipitation days = 9.4 |
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| Feb precipitation days = 6.7 |
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| Mar precipitation days = 8.4 |
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| Apr precipitation days = 3.3 |
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| May precipitation days = 0.8 |
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| Jun precipitation days = 0.2 |
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| Jul precipitation days = 0.1 |
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| Aug precipitation days = 0.2 |
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| Sep precipitation days = 1.0 |
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| Oct precipitation days = 4.6 |
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| Nov precipitation days = 11.7 |
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| Dec precipitation days = 11.9 |
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| year precipitation days = 58.3 |
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| Jan dew point C = 20.9 |
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| Feb dew point C = 20.8 |
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| Mar dew point C = 21.0 |
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| Apr dew point C = 19.9 |
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| May dew point C = 17.5 |
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| Jun dew point C = 15.1 |
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| Jul dew point C = 13.4 |
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| Aug dew point C = 12.8 |
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| Sep dew point C = 13.9 |
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| Oct dew point C = 16.3 |
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| Nov dew point C = 19.7 |
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| Dec dew point C = 20.8 |
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| year dew point C = 17.7 |
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| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web |
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|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Brazil/CSV/JANUARIA_83386.csv |
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|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Januária |
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|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
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|access-date = January 30, 2024}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==Communications== |
==Communications== |
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| Line 30: | Line 186: | ||
*Automobiles: 2,271 |
*Automobiles: 2,271 |
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*Pickup trucks: 584 |
*Pickup trucks: 584 |
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*Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle: 23 <ref name="IBGE">[http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php IBGE]</ref> |
*Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle: 23 <ref name="IBGE">[http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php IBGE] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070109005631/http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php |date=2007-01-09 }}</ref> |
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'''Main crops in area 2006''' |
'''Main crops in area 2006''' |
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| Line 50: | Line 206: | ||
From this data we can see that the planted area is small compared to the total agricultural area and that there are many people still living in the rural zone of the municipality. The number of tractors per farm was very low. |
From this data we can see that the planted area is small compared to the total agricultural area and that there are many people still living in the rural zone of the municipality. The number of tractors per farm was very low. |
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==Health and |
==Health and education (2005)== |
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*Hospitals: 2 with 113 beds |
*Hospitals: 2 with 113 beds |
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*Health clinics: 21 |
*Health clinics: 21 |
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| Line 56: | Line 212: | ||
*Primary school enrollment: 15,411 |
*Primary school enrollment: 15,411 |
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*Middle schools: 13 |
*Middle schools: 13 |
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*Middle school enrollment: 239 |
*Middle school enrollment: 239<ref name="IBGE"/> |
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==Ranking on the Municipal Human Development Index== |
==Ranking on the Municipal Human Development Index== |
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*MHDI: .699 <ref>[http://www.frigoletto.com.br/GeoEcon/idhmg.htm Frigoletto]</ref> |
*MHDI: .699 <ref>[http://www.frigoletto.com.br/GeoEcon/idhmg.htm Frigoletto] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706152853/http://www.frigoletto.com.br/GeoEcon/idhmg.htm |date=2011-07-06 }}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The first explorers arrived in 1553 looking for gold. They were led by |
The first explorers arrived in 1553 looking for gold. They were led by the Spaniards Francisco Bruza de Espinosa and Father João de Apicuelta Navarro. The first settlement was called Brejo do Salgado, due to the salinity of the streams and the marshes. The first sugarcane mill was set up and soon a chapel followed dedicated to Nossa Senhora do Amparo. In 1833 Brejo do Salgado became a "vila", or town and the seat was transferred to the left bank of the São Francisco River, the name being changed to Januária, in homage to Princess Januária, daughter of the Emperor Pedro I. In 1860 Januária was elevated to the category of city. The surrounding area was immense with several districts such as São Caetano do Japoré (today the city of [[Manga]]), São João das Missões, Jacaré (today the city of [[Itacarambi]]), Conceição de Morrinhos (today the city of [[Matias Cardoso]]), Mocambo (today a district of [[Levinópolis]]) all created in 1903.<ref name="Januar">{{Cite web |url=http://www.januar.com.br/ |title=Januar |access-date=2006-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060109230836/http://www.januar.com.br/ |archive-date=2006-01-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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'''Districts created and lost''' |
'''Districts created and lost''' |
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| Line 72: | Line 228: | ||
*In 1976 the districts of Bonito, São Joaquim and Tejuco were created |
*In 1976 the districts of Bonito, São Joaquim and Tejuco were created |
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*In 1982, São Pedro das Tabocas was created. |
*In 1982, São Pedro das Tabocas was created. |
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*In 1992 the district of Pedras de Maria da Cruz (hoje |
*In 1992 the district of Pedras de Maria da Cruz (hoje Maria da Cruz) was lost |
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*In 1995 the districts of Bonito (today the city of [[Bonito de Minas]]) and Cônego Marinho (today the city of [[Cônego Marinho]]) were created. |
*In 1995 the districts of Bonito (today the city of [[Bonito de Minas]]) and Cônego Marinho (today the city of [[Cônego Marinho]]) were created. |
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<ref name="Januar"/> |
<ref name="Januar"/> |
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[[File:Interior da caverna Janelão.jpg|thumb|Interior of the Janelão cave]] |
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==Tourism== |
==Tourism== |
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The location on the banks of one of the most important rivers in Brazil opens up many recreational possibilities. In the months of July, August, and September when the river is low and relatively clean there are extensive beaches along the river sought after by swimmers and sunbathers. Nearby there is a fifteen meter high waterfall called the Cachoeira de Pandeiros which has a large area for swimming. In the city itself the nineteenth century architecture has been preserved in many government buildings and private houses, with the most important being the Casa da Memoria (1910) and the City Hall (1890).<ref> |
The location on the banks of one of the most important rivers in Brazil opens up many recreational possibilities. In the months of July, August, and September when the river is low and relatively clean there are extensive beaches along the river sought after by swimmers and sunbathers. Nearby there is a fifteen meter high waterfall called the Cachoeira de Pandeiros which has a large area for swimming. In the city itself the nineteenth century architecture has been preserved in many government buildings and private houses, with the most important being the Casa da Memoria (1910) and the City Hall (1890).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://prefeituradejanuaria.com.br/site/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 |title=Prefeitura de Januária |access-date=2008-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515152840/http://prefeituradejanuaria.com.br/site/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 |archive-date=2008-05-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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The municipality contains part of the [[Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park]], which holds the dramatic [[Gruta do Janelão]], a large limestone cave. |
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==Transportation== |
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The city is served by [[Januária Airport]] 5 km (3 mi) to the northwest of the city. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[List of municipalities in Minas Gerais]] |
*[[List of municipalities in Minas Gerais]] |
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== |
==Notable people== |
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*[[Wilson Reis]], MMA fighter |
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<references/> |
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==References== |
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*{{cite web|last=Cida Viana|title=Ateliê Patchwork- Enxoval de Cama, Mesa, Banho e Bebê|work=Artesã|accessdate=30 January 2013}} Ateliê Patchwork- Enxoval de Cama, Mesa, Banho e Bebê |
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{{Reflist}} |
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Rua Luís Tupiná- 168 - Centro – Januária, MG, Brasil |
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Trabalhamos a arte Patchwork artesanalmente em tecidos puro algodão a partir de 140 fios na confecção de colchas dupla face, barrados de toalhas de banheiro, copa, cozinha. Aceitamos encomendas em todo Brasil. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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in Portuguese: |
in Portuguese: |
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*[http://www.januar.com.br/ JaNu AR - O Melhor de Januária & Região na Web] incomplete |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060109230836/http://www.januar.com.br/ JaNu AR - O Melhor de Januária & Região na Web] incomplete |
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*[http://www.infotecmg.rg3.net/ Serviços de Informática em Januária] |
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*[http://www.sescmg.com.br/unidades/januaria.asp SESC/MG LACES e Pousada Januária] |
*[http://www.sescmg.com.br/unidades/januaria.asp SESC/MG LACES e Pousada Januária] |
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*[http://prefeituradejanuaria.com.br/site/ Prefeitura de Januária] little practical information |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514151833/http://prefeituradejanuaria.com.br/site/ Prefeitura de Januária] little practical information |
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*[http://www.google.com.br/search?q=hotel+janu%C3%A1ria&sourceid=navclient-ff&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1B3GGGL_pt-BRBR263BR263/ Hotel in Januária] |
*[http://www.google.com.br/search?q=hotel+janu%C3%A1ria&sourceid=navclient-ff&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1B3GGGL_pt-BRBR263BR263/ Hotel in Januária] |
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*[http://www.camarajanuaria.com.br/ Camara Municipal de Januária] incomplete in most areas. |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928060921/http://www.camarajanuaria.com.br/ Camara Municipal de Januária] incomplete in most areas. |
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*[ |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080701161147/http://romtechinfo.com.br/ Romtech Soluções em Informática e Serviços] |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{coord|15|29|S|44|22|W|region:BR_type:city|display=title}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Januaria}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Januaria}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Municipalities in Minas Gerais]] |
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Revision as of 04:26, 31 January 2024
Januária | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname: Portuguese: A Rainha das Águas Bonitas (The Queen of the Beautiful Waters) | |
 Location in Brazil | |
  Januária | |
| Coordinates: 15°29′16″S 44°21′43″W / 15.48778°S 44.36194°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Region | Southeast |
| State | Minas Gerais |
| Mesoregion | North of Minas Gerais |
| Microregion | Januária |
| Founded | October 7, 1860 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Manoel Jorge de Castro |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,691.174 km2 (2,583.477 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 434 m (1,424 ft) |
| Population (2020 [1]) | |
| • Total | 67,852 |
| • Density | 10.14/km2 (26.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| HDI (2000) | 0.699 |
| Website | http://www.januaria.mg.gov.br |
Januária is a municipality in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. It is located on the left bank of the São Francisco River. The population was 67,852 inhabitants (IBGE 2020) and the area of the municipality was 6,691 km2 (2007).
Municipal limits
Januária is limited in the north by the state of Bahia, Bonito de Minas and Cônego Marinho, in the south with São Francisco, in the east with Pedras de Maria da Cruz and Itacarambi, and in the west with Chapada Gaúcha.
Microregion
Januária is also a statistical microregion (number 31) consisting of 16 municipalities: Bonito de Minas, Chapada Gaúcha, Cônego Marinho, Icaraí de Minas, Itacarambi, Januária, Juvenília, Manga, Matias Cardoso, Miravânia, Montalvânia, Pedras de Maria da Cruz, Pintópolis, São Francisco, São João das Missões, and Urucuia. The area is 15,945.80 km2 and the population was 246,071 in 2000.
Districts
Due to the size of the municipality there are several districts. They are Brejo do Amparo, Levinópolis, Pandeiros, Riacho da Cruz, São Joaquim, Tejuco, and Várzea Bonita.
Geography
With an elevation of 454.87 meters the average annual temperature is 26°. Temperatures vary between maxima of 38° and 12.6°. The climate is tropical with transition to semi-arid and its vegetation is composed of cerrado (savanna) and clusters of caatinga (thorn bush). The size of the municipality ranks it among the 75 largest municipalities of the state of Minas Gerais.
| Climate data for Januária (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.7 (89.1) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.0 (89.6) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.7 (87.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.0 (89.6) |
34.1 (93.4) |
34.7 (94.5) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.2 (88.2) |
32.0 (89.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.5 (70.7) |
22.9 (73.2) |
25.4 (77.7) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.3 (77.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.5 (68.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.8 (62.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
14.0 (57.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
18.2 (64.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 162.0 (6.38) |
121.5 (4.78) |
142.0 (5.59) |
36.9 (1.45) |
8.6 (0.34) |
1.5 (0.06) |
0.2 (0.01) |
0.9 (0.04) |
8.0 (0.31) |
52.9 (2.08) |
191.6 (7.54) |
208.1 (8.19) |
934.2 (36.78) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.4 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 4.6 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 58.3 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) |
20.8 (69.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
17.5 (63.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.7 (67.5) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.7 (63.9) |
| Source: NOAA[2] | |||||||||||||
Communications
The most important route of communication with the rest of the state is the BR-135. A modern bridge has substituted the ferry on the river. The distance to Belo Horizonte, the state capital, is 613 km.
Januária lies in an agro-pastoral region. Some changes have been implemented in recent years such as irrigation, soybean cultivation, and the decline of cotton cultivation.
Economic activities
Important crops are sugar cane (from which it inherited the fame of having one of the best rums in Brazil), corn, manioc and beans. Mango, breadfruit, coconut, orange, avocado, cashew, and bananas are also produced.
Like almost all the cities in this area of Minas Gerais cattle raising is an important economic activity. In 2006 there were 62,000 head—small when the size of the municipality is taken into consideration.
Small industries produce rum, vinegar, cotton by-products, shoes, and furniture.
Motor vehicles in 2007
- Automobiles: 2,271
- Pickup trucks: 584
- Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle: 23 [3]
Main crops in area 2006
- Rice: 600 ha.
- Corn: 3,000 ha.
- Manioc: 2,500 ha.
- Beans: 2,500 ha.
- Sugarcane: 500 ha.[3]
Farm data for 2006
- Number of farms: 3,349
- Agricultural area: 120,016 ha.
- Planted area: 9,700 ha.
- Area of natural pasture: 55, 113 ha.
- Workers related to the producer: 10,147
- Workers not related to the producer: 1,050
- Number of farms with tractors: 97 [3]
From this data we can see that the planted area is small compared to the total agricultural area and that there are many people still living in the rural zone of the municipality. The number of tractors per farm was very low.
Health and education (2005)
- Hospitals: 2 with 113 beds
- Health clinics: 21
- Primary schools: 95
- Primary school enrollment: 15,411
- Middle schools: 13
- Middle school enrollment: 239[3]
Ranking on the Municipal Human Development Index
- MHDI: .699 [4]
History
The first explorers arrived in 1553 looking for gold. They were led by the Spaniards Francisco Bruza de Espinosa and Father João de Apicuelta Navarro. The first settlement was called Brejo do Salgado, due to the salinity of the streams and the marshes. The first sugarcane mill was set up and soon a chapel followed dedicated to Nossa Senhora do Amparo. In 1833 Brejo do Salgado became a "vila", or town and the seat was transferred to the left bank of the São Francisco River, the name being changed to Januária, in homage to Princess Januária, daughter of the Emperor Pedro I. In 1860 Januária was elevated to the category of city. The surrounding area was immense with several districts such as São Caetano do Japoré (today the city of Manga), São João das Missões, Jacaré (today the city of Itacarambi), Conceição de Morrinhos (today the city of Matias Cardoso), Mocambo (today a district of Levinópolis) all created in 1903.[5]
Districts created and lost
- In 1911 the district of Pedras de Maria da Cruz was created.
- In 1923 the districts of Manga and Matias Cardoso were lost but the district of Cônego Marinho was added.
- In 1938 the district of Missões was created
- In 1953 Riacho da Cruz (ex-Bela Vista) was created.
- In 1962 the districts of Itacarambi and Missões were lost.
- In 1976 the districts of Bonito, São Joaquim and Tejuco were created
- In 1982, São Pedro das Tabocas was created.
- In 1992 the district of Pedras de Maria da Cruz (hoje Maria da Cruz) was lost
- In 1995 the districts of Bonito (today the city of Bonito de Minas) and Cônego Marinho (today the city of Cônego Marinho) were created.
Tourism
The location on the banks of one of the most important rivers in Brazil opens up many recreational possibilities. In the months of July, August, and September when the river is low and relatively clean there are extensive beaches along the river sought after by swimmers and sunbathers. Nearby there is a fifteen meter high waterfall called the Cachoeira de Pandeiros which has a large area for swimming. In the city itself the nineteenth century architecture has been preserved in many government buildings and private houses, with the most important being the Casa da Memoria (1910) and the City Hall (1890).[6] The municipality contains part of the Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park, which holds the dramatic Gruta do Janelão, a large limestone cave.
Transportation
The city is served by Januária Airport 5 km (3 mi) to the northwest of the city.
See also
Notable people
- Wilson Reis, MMA fighter
References
- ^ IBGE 2020
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Januária". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ a b c d IBGE Archived 2007-01-09 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Frigoletto Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Januar". Archived from the original on 2006-01-09. Retrieved 2006-01-17.
- ^ "Prefeitura de Januária". Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
External links
in Portuguese:
- JaNu AR - O Melhor de Januária & Região na Web incomplete
- SESC/MG LACES e Pousada Januária
- Prefeitura de Januária little practical information
- Hotel in Januária
- Camara Municipal de Januária incomplete in most areas.
- Romtech Soluções em Informática e Serviços
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