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{{Short description|German day during carnival}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox holiday
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Rosenmontag
|holiday_name = {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}}
|type =
|type =
|image = Aachen Rosenmontag 2009.jpg
|image = Aachen Rosenmontag 2009.jpg
|imagesize = 200px
|imagesize =
|caption = Families and children in costumes, Rosenmontag 2009 in [[Aachen]]
|caption = Families and children in costumes, {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}} 2009 in Aachen
|official_name =
|official_name =
|nickname =
|nickname =
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|litcolor =
|litcolor =
|longtype =
|longtype =
|significance =
|significance = Highlight of {{Lang|de|Karneval}} before Lent
|begins =
|begins =
|ends =
|ends =
|date = Monday before [[Ash Wednesday]]
|date = Monday before [[Ash Wednesday]]
|date{{#time:Y|last year}} = {{#invoke:Easter|Calculate|{{#time:Y|last year}}|day=-48|format=[[j F]]}}
|date{{LASTYEAR}} = {{Moveable date |holiday=Rosenmontag|df=dmy|year={{LASTYEAR}} |format=infobox}}
|date{{CURRENTYEAR}} = {{Moveable date |holiday=Rosenmontag|df=dmy|year={{CURRENTYEAR}} |format=infobox |cite=y}}
|date{{#time:Y}} = {{#invoke:Easter|Calculate|{{#time:Y}}|day=-48|format=[[j F]]}}
|date{{#time:Y|next year}} = {{#invoke:Easter|Calculate|{{#time:Y|next year}}|day=-48|format=[[j F]]}}
|date{{NEXTYEAR}} = {{Moveable date |holiday=Rosenmontag|df=dmy|year={{NEXTYEAR}} |format=infobox}}
|date{{#time:Y|+2 years}} = {{#invoke:Easter|Calculate|{{#time:Y|+2 years}}|day=-48|format=[[j F]]}}
|date{{NEXTYEAR|2}} = {{Moveable date |holiday=Rosenmontag|df=dmy|year={{NEXTYEAR|2}} |format=infobox}}
|celebrations =
|celebrations =
|duration = 1 day
|duration = 1 day
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|relatedto =
|relatedto =
}}
}}
[[File:Fastnachtsumzug, Rottweil, Süddeutschland.jpg|thumb|Rose Monday Carnival on Rottweil, Germany]]
'''{{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}}''' ({{IPA|de|ˌʁoːznˈ̩moːntaːk|lang|audio=De-Rosenmontag.ogg}}, {{lang-en|Rose-Monday}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Rosenmontag 2018: What is it and how is it celebrated? |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/02/rosemontag-2018-celebrated-180212080032173.html |access-date=2018-02-12 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref>) is the highlight of the German {{Lang|de|Karneval}} ([[carnival]]), and takes place on the [[Shrove Monday]] before [[Ash Wednesday]], the beginning of [[Lent]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrove Monday in Germany |url=http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/germany/rosenmontag |access-date=2013-02-10 |publisher=timeanddate.com}}</ref> [[Mardi Gras]], though celebrated on [[Fat Tuesday]], is a similar event. {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}} is celebrated in German-speaking countries, including Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Belgium ([[Eupen]], [[Kelmis]]), but most heavily in the carnival strongholds which include the [[Rhineland]], especially in [[Cologne]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karneval revellers brave chilly rain for Rosenmontag parade |url=https://www.thelocal.de/society/20090223-17617.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225203338/https://www.thelocal.de/society/20090223-17617.html |archive-date=2009-02-25 |website=AFP/thelocal.de | date = 2009-02-23}}</ref> [[Bonn]], [[Düsseldorf]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Riedemann |first=Margaret |title=Rose Monday Parade – Carnival Monday in Duesseldorf |url=http://www.karneval-in-duesseldorf.de/the_5th_season_en-carnival_monday_in_duesseldorf |access-date=2013-02-10}}</ref> [[Aachen]] and [[Mainz carnival|Mainz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abrams |first=Michael |date=2013-01-31 |title=Mainz: Colorful Rosenmontag parade is the highlight of Fastnacht |url=http://www.stripes.com/military-life/travel/mainz-colorful-rosenmontag-parade-is-the-highlight-of-fastnacht-1.206035 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513085159/http://www.stripes.com/military-life/travel/mainz-colorful-rosenmontag-parade-is-the-highlight-of-fastnacht-1.206035 |archive-date=2013-05-13 |access-date=2013-02-10 |publisher=[[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]]}}</ref> In contrast to Germany, in Austria, the highlight of the carnival is not {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}}, but [[Shrove Tuesday]].


⚫
The name for the carnival comes from the German dialect word {{Lang|de|roose}} meaning "frolic" and {{Lang|de|Montag}} meaning Monday.<ref name=":0" />
'''''Rosenmontag''''' ({{lang-en|Rose Monday}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/02/rosemontag-2018-celebrated-180212080032173.html|title=Rosenmontag 2018: What is it and how is it celebrated?|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2018-02-12}}</ref>) is the highlight of the German "Karneval" ([[carnival]]), and is on the [[Shrove Monday]] before [[Ash Wednesday]], the beginning of [[Lent]].<ref>{{cite web
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Shrove Monday in Germany
| work =
| publisher = timeanddate.com
| date =
| url = http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/germany/rosenmontag
| doi =
| accessdate = 2013-02-10}}</ref> "[[Mardi Gras]]," though celebrated on Tuesday, is a similar event. Rosenmontag is celebrated in German-speaking countries, including Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Belgium (Eupen), but most heavily in the ''"Karnevalshochburgen"'' (carnival strongholds), which include the [[Rhineland]], especially in [[Cologne Carnival|Cologne]],<ref>[http://www.thelocal.de/society/20090223-17617.html "Karneval revellers brave chilly rain for Rosenmontag parade"], AFP/thelocal.de 23 February 2009. Retrieved 24 February 2009</ref> [[Bonn]], [[Düsseldorf]],<ref>{{cite web
| last = Riedemann
| first = Margaret
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Rose Monday Parade - Carnival Monday in Duesseldorf
| work =
| publisher =
| date =
| url = http://www.karneval-in-duesseldorf.de/the_5th_season_en-carnival_monday_in_duesseldorf
| doi =
| accessdate = 2013-02-10}}</ref> [[Aachen]] and [[Mainz carnival|Mainz]].<ref>{{cite web
| last = Abrams
| first = Michael
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Mainz: Colorful Rosenmontag parade is the highlight of Fastnacht
| work =
| publisher = [[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]]
| date = 31 January 2013
| url = http://www.stripes.com/military-life/travel/mainz-colorful-rosenmontag-parade-is-the-highlight-of-fastnacht-1.206035
| doi =
| accessdate = 2013-02-10}}</ref> In contrast to Germany, in Austria, the highlight of the carneval is not Rosenmontag, but ''Faschingsdienstag'' ([[Shrove Tuesday]]).

⚫
The name for the carnival comes from the German dialect word roose meaning 'frolic' and Montag meaning Monday.<ref name=":0" />


==Overview==
==Overview==
The ''Karneval'' season begins at [[11 (number)|11]] minutes past the eleventh hour on the 11th of November and the "street carnival" starts on the Thursday before Rosenmontag, which is known as ''Weiberfastnacht'' ("women's carnival", [[Fat Thursday]]). Karneval is prevalent in Roman Catholic areas and is a continuation of the old Roman traditions of slaves and servants being master for a day. Karneval derives from the Latin ''carnem levare'' ("taking leave of meat") marking the beginning of Lent.<ref>{{cite web
The {{ill|carnival season|de|Karnevalssitzung}} begins at [[11 (number)|11]] minutes past the eleventh hour on 11 November and the "street carnival" starts on the Thursday before {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}}, which is known as {{Lang|de|Weiberfastnacht}} ("women's carnival", [[Fat Thursday]]). {{Lang|de|Karneval}} is prevalent in Roman Catholic areas and is a continuation of the old Roman traditions of slaves and servants being master for a day. {{Lang|de|Karneval}} derives from the Latin {{Lang|la|carnem levare}} ("taking leave of meat") marking the beginning of Lent.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bauer |first=Ingrid |title=Fasching in Germany |url=http://german.about.com/od/culture/tp/Fasching-In-Germany.htm |access-date=2013-02-10 |publisher=[[About.com]]}}</ref>
| last = Bauer
| first = Ingrid
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Fasching in Germany
| work =
| publisher = [[About.com]]
| date =
| url = http://german.about.com/od/culture/tp/Fasching-In-Germany.htm
| doi =
| accessdate = 2013-02-10}}</ref>


Carnival is not a national holiday in Germany, but schools are closed on Rosenmontag and the following Tuesday in the strongholds and many other areas. Many schools as well as companies tend to give teachers, pupils and employees the Thursday before Rosenmontag off as well and have celebrations in school or in the working place on Weiberfastnacht, although every now and then there are efforts to cut these free holidays in some companies.
Carnival is not a national holiday in Germany, but schools are closed on {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}} and the following Tuesday in the strongholds and many other areas. Many schools as well as companies tend to give teachers, pupils and employees the Thursday before {{Lang|de|Rosenmontag|italic=no}} off as well and have celebrations in school or in the working place on {{Lang|de|Weiberfastnacht}}, although every now and then there are efforts to cut these free holidays in some companies.{{cn|date=February 2019}}


Celebrations usually include dressing up in fancy [[costume]]s, dancing, [[parade]]s, heavy [[Alcoholic beverage|drinking]] and general public displays with floats. Every town in the Karneval areas boasts at least one parade with floats making fun of the themes of the day.<ref>{{cite web
Celebrations usually include dressing up in fancy [[costume]]s, dancing, [[parade]]s, heavy drinking and general public displays with floats. Every town in the {{Lang|de|Karneval}} areas boasts at least one parade with floats making fun of the themes of the day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kilb |first=Benjamin |title=Rosenmontag |url=http://www.e-photoreview.com/benjamin-kilb.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130408232120/http://www.e-photoreview.com/benjamin-kilb.html |archive-date=8 April 2013 |access-date=2013-02-10 |publisher=e-photoreview |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Usually sweets ({{Lang|de|Kamelle}}) are thrown into the crowds lining the streets among cries of {{Lang|de|Helau}} or {{Lang|de|Alaaf}}, whereby the cry {{Lang|de|Kölle Alaaf}} is only applied in the [[Cologne Carnival]] and Oche Alaaf is only applied in Aachen Carnival&ndash; {{Lang|de|Alaaf}} stems from or {{Lang|ksh|Alle af}}, [[Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]] for "all [others] away". Sweets and [[tulip]]s are thrown into the crowd.
| last = Kilb
| first = Benjamin
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Rosenmontag
| work =
| publisher = e-photoreview
| date =
| url = http://www.e-photoreview.com/benjamin-kilb.html
| doi =
| accessdate = 2013-02-10}}</ref> Usually sweets (''Kamelle'') are thrown into the crowds lining the streets among cries of "''Helau''" or "''Alaaf''", whereby the cry "''Kölle Alaaf''" is only applied in the Cologne area &ndash; ''Alaaf'' stems from or "Alle af", [[Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]] for "all [others] away". [[Sweet]]s and [[tulip]]s are thrown into the crowd.


The celebrations become quieter the next day, known as ''Veilchendienstag'' ("Violet Tuesday", [[Shrove Tuesday]]), and end with "Aschermittwoch" ([[Ash Wednesday]]).
The celebrations become quieter the next day, known as {{Lang|de|Veilchendienstag}} ("Violet Tuesday", [[Shrove Tuesday]]), and end with [[Ash Wednesday]].


⚫
==See also==
<gallery mode=packed>
Tanzmariechen mit Jungfrau (24699903630).jpg|Dancer [[Majorette]]
Wagen- Angela Merkel und Alexis Tsipras (24627728639).jpg|Float with [[Angela Merkel]] and [[Alexis Tsipras]] figures
Bunte Verkleidungen am Rosenmontagszug (16369954850).jpg|Colorful jackets
</gallery>


⚫
==See also==
{{Commons category}}
*[[Clean Monday]]
*[[Clean Monday]]
*[[Nickanan Night]]
*[[Nickanan Night]]
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Commonscat-inline}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Carnivals]]
[[Category:Monday]]
[[Category:Monday]]
[[Category:February observances]]
[[Category:February observances]]

Latest revision as of 12:11, 17 February 2024

Rosenmontag
Families and children in costumes, Rosenmontag 2009 in Aachen
SignificanceHighlight of Karneval before Lent
DateMonday before Ash Wednesday
2023 date20 February
2024 date12 February
2025 date3 March
2026 date16 February
Frequencyannual
Rose Monday Carnival on Rottweil, Germany

Rosenmontag (German: [ˌʁoːznˈ̩moːntaːk] ⓘ, English: Rose-Monday[1]) is the highlight of the German Karneval (carnival), and takes place on the Shrove Monday before Ash Wednesday, the beginning of Lent.[2] Mardi Gras, though celebrated on Fat Tuesday, is a similar event. Rosenmontag is celebrated in German-speaking countries, including Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Belgium (Eupen, Kelmis), but most heavily in the carnival strongholds which include the Rhineland, especially in Cologne,[3] Bonn, Düsseldorf,[4] Aachen and Mainz.[5] In contrast to Germany, in Austria, the highlight of the carnival is not Rosenmontag, but Shrove Tuesday.

The name for the carnival comes from the German dialect word roose meaning "frolic" and Montag meaning Monday.[1]

Overview[edit]

The carnival season [de] begins at 11 minutes past the eleventh hour on 11 November and the "street carnival" starts on the Thursday before Rosenmontag, which is known as Weiberfastnacht ("women's carnival", Fat Thursday). Karneval is prevalent in Roman Catholic areas and is a continuation of the old Roman traditions of slaves and servants being master for a day. Karneval derives from the Latin carnem levare ("taking leave of meat") marking the beginning of Lent.[6]

Carnival is not a national holiday in Germany, but schools are closed on Rosenmontag and the following Tuesday in the strongholds and many other areas. Many schools as well as companies tend to give teachers, pupils and employees the Thursday before Rosenmontag off as well and have celebrations in school or in the working place on Weiberfastnacht, although every now and then there are efforts to cut these free holidays in some companies.[citation needed]

Celebrations usually include dressing up in fancy costumes, dancing, parades, heavy drinking and general public displays with floats. Every town in the Karneval areas boasts at least one parade with floats making fun of the themes of the day.[7] Usually sweets (Kamelle) are thrown into the crowds lining the streets among cries of Helau or Alaaf, whereby the cry Kölle Alaaf is only applied in the Cologne Carnival and Oche Alaaf is only applied in Aachen Carnival– Alaaf stems from or Alle af, Ripuarian for "all [others] away". Sweets and tulips are thrown into the crowd.

The celebrations become quieter the next day, known as Veilchendienstag ("Violet Tuesday", Shrove Tuesday), and end with Ash Wednesday.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Rosenmontag 2018: What is it and how is it celebrated?". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
  2. ^ "Shrove Monday in Germany". timeanddate.com. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  3. ^ "Karneval revellers brave chilly rain for Rosenmontag parade". AFP/thelocal.de. 23 February 2009. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009.
  4. ^ Riedemann, Margaret. "Rose Monday Parade – Carnival Monday in Duesseldorf". Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  5. ^ Abrams, Michael (31 January 2013). "Mainz: Colorful Rosenmontag parade is the highlight of Fastnacht". Stars and Stripes. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  6. ^ Bauer, Ingrid. "Fasching in Germany". About.com. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  7. ^ Kilb, Benjamin. "Rosenmontag". e-photoreview. Archived from the original on 8 April 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rosenmontag&oldid=1208416483"