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{{Short description|Species of jellyfish}}
{{italictitle}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Carybdea branchi''
| image = Carybdea branchi9.jpg
| image = Carybdea branchi9.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| genus = Carybdea
| phylum = [[Cnidaria]]
| species = murrayana
⚫
| authority = Haeckel, 1880<ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |author=Collins, Allen G. |year=2014 |title=''Carybdea branchi'' Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009 |id=395232 |accessdate=2015-01-03|db=}}</ref>
| classis = [[Cubozoa]]
| synonyms = * ''Carybdea branchi''<br/><small>Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009</small>
| ordo = [[Carybdeida]]
| familia = [[Carybdeidae]]
| genus = ''[[Carybdeidae|Carybdea]]''
| species = '''''C. branchi'''''
| binomial = ''Carybdea branchi''
⚫
| binomial_authority = Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009<ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |author=Collins, Allen G. |year=2014 |title=''Carybdea branchi'' Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009 |id=395232 |accessdate=2015-01-03|db=}}</ref>
}}
}}


The '''South African box jellyfish''', '''''Carybdea branchi''''', is a [[Venom (poison)|venom]]ous [[species]] of [[cnidarian]], in the small [[family (biology)|family]] [[Carybdeidae]] within the class [[Cubozoa]].
'''''Carybdea murrayana''''', the '''South African box jellyfish''', is a [[Venom (poison)|venom]]ous [[species]] of [[cnidarian]], in the small [[family (biology)|family]] [[Carybdeidae]] within the class [[Cubozoa]].


==Description==
==Description==
This small [[box jellyfish]] grows up to 7cm across and may have tentacles of up to 2m in total length. It has a transparent box-shaped bell with a very long tentacle trailing from each corner.<ref name="Branch">Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa''. ISBN 978-1-77007-772-0.</ref>
This small [[box jellyfish]] grows up to {{cvt|7|cm}} across and may have tentacles of up to {{cvt|2|m|ft}} in total length. It has a transparent box-shaped bell with a very long tentacle trailing from each corner.<ref name="Branch">Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa''. {{ISBN|978-1-77007-772-0}}.</ref>

The animal is described as being robust and having a well sculpted in particular, single rooted with multiple stems,{{clarify|date=October 2023}} [[velarial canal]]s 2 per octant, [[pedalia]] knee bend upwards turned volcano shaped. Also known to have a brownish pigmentation of the [[phacellae]] and pedalia. <ref>Acevedo et al. 2019. Revision of the genus Carybdea (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Carybdeidae): clarifying the identity of its type species Carybdea marsupialis. [https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4543.4.3 ''Zootaxa.'']</ref>


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
This jellyfish is found from the north of Namibia and around the South African coast to Port Elizabeth from the surface to a depth of at least 35m underwater.
This jellyfish is found from the north of Namibia around the South African coast to [[Port Elizabeth]] from the surface to a depth of at least {{cvt|35|m}} underwater.


==Ecology==
==Ecology==
This jellyfish is often seen in swarms. The tentacles have a painful sting, although the sting is not known to be fatal. It is eaten by the [[Mola (fish)|sunfish]]es, ''[[Ocean sunfish|Mola mola]]''<ref name="Jones 2008">Jones, Georgina. ''A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula.'' SURG, Cape Town, 2008. ISBN 978-0-620-41639-9</ref> and ''[[Mola ramsayi]]'', as well as the [[slender sunfish]], ''Ranzania laevis''.
This jellyfish is often seen in swarms. The tentacles have a painful sting, although the sting is not known to be fatal. It is eaten by the [[Molidae|sunfishes]], ''[[Ocean sunfish|Mola mola]]''<ref name="Jones 2008">Jones, Georgina. ''A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula.'' SURG, Cape Town, 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-620-41639-9}}</ref> and ''[[Mola ramsayi]]'', as well as the [[slender sunfish]], ''Ranzania laevis''.


== References ==
==References==
⚫
{{reflist}}
{{Commons Category|Carybdea branchi}}
{{Commons Category|Carybdea branchi}}
⚫
{{reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2563960}}


[[Category:Cubozoa]]
[[Category:Carybdeidae]]
[[Category:Invertebrates of South Africa]]
[[Category:Animals described in 2009]]

Latest revision as of 23:35, 24 April 2024

Carybdea murrayana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Cubozoa
Order: Carybdeida
Family: Carybdeidae
Genus: Carybdea
Species:
C. murrayana
Binomial name
Carybdea murrayana
Haeckel, 1880[1]
Synonyms
  • Carybdea branchi
    Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009

Carybdea murrayana, the South African box jellyfish, is a venomous species of cnidarian, in the small family Carybdeidae within the class Cubozoa.

Description[edit]

This small box jellyfish grows up to 7 cm (2.8 in) across and may have tentacles of up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in total length. It has a transparent box-shaped bell with a very long tentacle trailing from each corner.[2]

The animal is described as being robust and having a well sculpted in particular, single rooted with multiple stems,[clarification needed] velarial canals 2 per octant, pedalia knee bend upwards turned volcano shaped. Also known to have a brownish pigmentation of the phacellae and pedalia. [3]

Distribution[edit]

This jellyfish is found from the north of Namibia around the South African coast to Port Elizabeth from the surface to a depth of at least 35 m (115 ft) underwater.

Ecology[edit]

This jellyfish is often seen in swarms. The tentacles have a painful sting, although the sting is not known to be fatal. It is eaten by the sunfishes, Mola mola[4] and Mola ramsayi, as well as the slender sunfish, Ranzania laevis.

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carybdea branchi.
  1. ^ Collins, Allen G. (2014). "Carybdea branchi Gershwin & Gibbons, 2009". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  2. ^ Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa. ISBN 978-1-77007-772-0.
  3. ^ Acevedo et al. 2019. Revision of the genus Carybdea (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Carybdeidae): clarifying the identity of its type species Carybdea marsupialis. Zootaxa.
  4. ^ Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008. ISBN 978-0-620-41639-9
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