Kaouar: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 18°54′N 12°54′E / 18.900°N 12.900°E / 18.900; 12.900
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Typo fixing and general fixes using AWB (8853)
fix cite
 
(19 intermediate revisions by 16 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[File:Kaouartal-bei-Bilma.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The '''Kaouar-tal''' from near [[Bilma]].]]
[[File:Kaouartal-bei-Bilma.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|The Kaouar from near [[Bilma]].]]
{{Designation list
The '''Kaouar''', or '''Kaouar Cliffs''' ('''Falaise Kaouar''', '''Kaouar-tal''') is a north-south [[escarpment]] running some 150 km in north east [[Niger]]. Surrounded by the [[Ténéré]] desert and the dunes of the [[Erg of Bilma]], easterly winds striking the 100 meter high escarpment of '''Kaouar''' provide easy access to groundwater for ten [[oasis|oases]] on the [[leeward]] side. Its highest point is at the northern tip of the range: the [[Pic Zoumri]] at 576 meters.
| designation1 = Ramsar
| designation1_offname = Oasis du Kawar
| designation1_date = 16 September 2005
| designation1_number = 1495<ref name="RSIS">{{Cite web|title=Oasis du Kawar|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1495|access-date=25 April 2018}}</ref>}}


The '''Kaouar''' (or '''Kawar''') is a series of ten [[oases]] in the southern [[Sahara]] in northeast [[Niger]], covering about {{convert|75|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} from north to south, and {{convert|1–5|km|mi|abbr=on}} east to west. They are on the eastern edge of the [[Ténéré]] desert, between the [[Tibesti Mountains]] in the east and the [[Aïr Mountains]] in the west and between the [[Fezzan]] in the north and [[Lake Chad]] in the south.{{sfn|Decalo|1979|pp=133–134}}{{sfn|Mauny|1978}} They lie on the [[leeward]] side of a 100-meter-high north–south [[escarpment]] and easterly winds striking the escarpment provide easy access to groundwater for the oases.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
⚫
Running south to north, [[Bilma]], [[Dirkou]], [[Aney]], and [[Séguédine]] are the largest towns.


⚫
Running south to north, [[Bilma]], [[Dirkou]], Aney and [[Séguédine]] are the largest towns.
⚫
The Kaouar oases are famous for salt and date production, and were along the route of the great [[Bornu Empire|Bornu]] to [[Fezzan]] caravan trail. This was the major point of contact between the African [[Sahel]] and the [[Mediterranean]] civilisations until the 19th century. Numerous archeological sites and rock paintings attest to human habitation here reaching back some 10,000 years to when the area was surrounded by lush grasslands.


⚫
The Kaouar oases are famous for salt and date production, and were along the route of the great [[Bornu Empire|Bornu]] to Fezzan caravan trail. This was the major point of contact between the African [[Sahel]] and the [[Mediterranean]] civilisations until the 19th century. Numerous archeological sites and rock paintings attest to human habitation here reaching back some 10,000 years to when the area was surrounded by lush grasslands.
⚫
In 1997, the Kaouar was submitted as a tentative candidate for [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] status as part of ''The salt route from Air to Kaouar.''<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/875/ UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Tentative Lists Database, La Route du Sel de l'Air au Kaouar].</ref>

⚫
In 1997, the Kaouar was submitted as a tentative candidate for [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] status as part of ''The salt route from Air to Kaouar.''<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/875/ UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Tentative Lists Database, La Route du Sel de l'Air au Kaouar].</ref> The oases have been designated as a [[Ramsar site]] since 2005.<ref name="RSIS"/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references />

*Samuel Decalo. Historical Dictionary of Niger. Scarecrow Press, London and New Jersey (1979). ISBN 0-8108-1229-0
===Bibliography===
⚫
* Jolijn Geels. Niger. Bradt London and Globe Pequot New York (2006). ISBN 1-84162-152-8.
* {{cite book |first=Samuel |last=Decalo |title=Historical Dictionary of Niger |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000deca_w7m6 |url-access=registration |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=London and New Jersey |year=1979 |isbn=0-8108-1229-0 }}
⚫
* Knut S. Vikør ''The Oasis of Salt. The History of Kawar, a Saharan Centre of Salt Production'' London (1996)
⚫
* {{cite book |first=Jolijn |last=Geels |title=Niger |publisher=Bradt London and Globe Pequot New York |year=2006 |isbn=1-84162-152-8 }}
* {{EI2|first=R.|last=Mauny|title=Kawār|volume=4|page=777|doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_4035}}
⚫
* {{cite book |first=Knut S. |last=Vikør |title=The Oasis of Salt. The History of Kawar, a Saharan Centre of Salt Production |location=London |year=1996 }}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.moula-moula.de/printable/nigerschleife/kaouar/index.html Image galleries from the Kaouar].
*[http://www.moula-moula.de/printable/nigerschleife/kaouar/index.html Image galleries from the Kaouar]{{Dead link|date=July 2023}}.
*[http://www.sahara-overland.com/Sfiles/tenere.htm A traveler's experiences in the Kaouar, February-March 2001].
*[http://www.sahara-overland.com/Sfiles/tenere.htm A traveler's experiences in the Kaouar, February-March 2001].
*[http://www.sahara-overland.com/Sfiles/gastel3.htm Traveler's experiences in the Kaouar, by Tony and Elly van Gastel].
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210950/http://www.sahara-overland.com/Sfiles/gastel3.htm Traveler's experiences in the Kaouar, by Tony and Elly van Gastel].
*[http://www.reineccius.com/tenere1/tenere00.htm Photo gallery from the Ténéré and the Kaouar].
*[http://www.reineccius.com/tenere1/tenere00.htm Photo gallery from the Ténéré and the Kaouar]{{Dead link|date=July 2023}}.


{{coord|18|54|N|12|54|E|region:NE_source:kolossus-fiwiki|display=title}}
{{coord|18|54|N|12|54|E|region:NE_source:kolossus-fiwiki|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Sahara]]
[[Category:Sahara]]
[[Category:Ramsar sites in Niger]]




Latest revision as of 17:51, 6 May 2024

The Kaouar from near Bilma.
Designations
Official nameOasis du Kawar
Designated16 September 2005
Reference no.1495[1]

The Kaouar (or Kawar) is a series of ten oases in the southern Sahara in northeast Niger, covering about 75 km (50 mi) from north to south, and 1–5 km (0.62–3.11 mi) east to west. They are on the eastern edge of the Ténéré desert, between the Tibesti Mountains in the east and the Aïr Mountains in the west and between the Fezzan in the north and Lake Chad in the south.[2][3] They lie on the leeward side of a 100-meter-high north–south escarpment and easterly winds striking the escarpment provide easy access to groundwater for the oases.[citation needed]

Running south to north, Bilma, Dirkou, Aney and Séguédine are the largest towns.

The Kaouar oases are famous for salt and date production, and were along the route of the great Bornu to Fezzan caravan trail. This was the major point of contact between the African Sahel and the Mediterranean civilisations until the 19th century. Numerous archeological sites and rock paintings attest to human habitation here reaching back some 10,000 years to when the area was surrounded by lush grasslands.

In 1997, the Kaouar was submitted as a tentative candidate for UNESCO World Heritage Site status as part of The salt route from Air to Kaouar.[4] The oases have been designated as a Ramsar site since 2005.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Oasis du Kawar". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. ^ Decalo 1979, pp. 133–134.
  3. ^ Mauny 1978.
  4. ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Tentative Lists Database, La Route du Sel de l'Air au Kaouar.

Bibliography[edit]

External links[edit]

18°54′N 12°54′E / 18.900°N 12.900°E / 18.900; 12.900


Stub icon

This Niger location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaouar&oldid=1222567488"