Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Johann Eberhard Ihle - Portrait de Maréchal Ladislas, Comté de Bercheny.jpg|thumb|Marshal Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny]] |
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'''Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny'' (Hungarian: Bercsényi Lászó) was born in Hungary as son of the noble Bercsényi Miklós. |
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'''Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny''' ({{lang-hu|Bercsényi László}}) (August 3, 1689 in Eperjes, [[Sáros County]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (today [[Prešov]], [[Slovakia]]) – January 9, 1778 in [[Luzancy]], [[Kingdom of France]] (today [[France]]) was a Hungarian-born soldier who became [[Marshal of France]]. |
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The founder of the modern French cavalry, according to today's French tradition, was Laszlo Count Bercsenyi (Bercheny in French spelling), the son of the famous general of Rakoczi. Bercsenyi was promoted to the rank of general for his heroism in the War of Polish Succession. During the War of Austrian Succession (1741 1748) the hussar regiment of Bercsenyi covered the retreat of the French Army from Bohemia. For his services in this campaign he was appointed by Louis XV (1723-1774) to Inspector General of the French cavalry. In 1756 Bercsenyi, already 67 years old, was promoted to the highest rank of the French Army: Marshal of France. After receiving amnesty from Empress Maria Theresa, he went back to Hungary for awhile, but, disillusioned, returned to France where he died in 1778 at the age of 89. |
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==Life== |
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[[Image:Bercheny, Ladislas Ignace, Comte de.jpg|thumb|Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny]] |
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Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny was born in 1689, the son of Hungarian noble Miklós Bercsényi who was a friend of [[Francis II Rákóczi]]. Bercheny started his military career in the Bodyguard of prince Rákóczi. After the Prince's failure to achieve Hungarian independence in 1711, Bercheny emigrated to France. In 1712, he was named [[lieutenant-colonel]] in the Rattky Hussards Regiment, then the only hussar regiment in the French Army. After a year spent at Rákóczi's court-in-exile in [[Constantinople]], Bercheny was promoted ''mestre de camp'' ([[colonel]]) in the Rattky Regiment in 1719.<ref>Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", ''Revue historique des armées'', n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21</ref> |
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Around 1720, Bercheny proposed to recruit new hussars for the Rattky Regiment among the exiled Hungarians in Constantinople. The prospect soon turned into the creation of a new regiment, with Bercheny as his colonel-proprietor. Along with several French and Hungarians officers, Bercheny was able to muster 174 Hungarians by the end of 1722.<ref>Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", ''Revue historique des armées'', n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21</ref> |
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Afterwards Bercheny settled permanently in France. He married Anne Catherine Girard, a middle-class girl from [[Haguenau]], who had already given birth to his first son, in 1726. He was [[naturalization|made a French subject]] by letters from the King the same year. Bercheny purchased the lordship and manor of [[Luzancy]], which became his home, in 1729.<ref>Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", ''Revue historique des armées'', n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21</ref> |
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The new regiment, known as ''Bercheny-Houzards'', participated in the [[War of the Polish Succession]] (1733-1735), during which Bercheny was promoted [[brigadier]]. He was further promoted to ''maréchal de camp'' ([[major general]]) in 1738 and participated in the [[War of the Austrian Succession]], during which he was promoted [[Lieutenant General]], and the [[Seven Years' War]], during which he was made [[Marshal of France]]. This final promotion was only honorary, as he retired from active service the same day.<ref>Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", ''Revue historique des armées'', n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21</ref> |
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Bercheny died in 1778 in his manor of Luzancy. |
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==Military History== |
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[[File:Insigne régimentaire du 1er régiment de hussards parachutistes.jpg|thumb|The Regimental insignia of ''Bercheny Houssards'' incorporates Bercheny family coat-of-arms.]] |
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Bercheny was renowned as an expert on light cavalry and became the first Inspector General of Hussars in 1743, giving him advisory role in officers' nominations and tactical use of units. He is widely known as the ''Father of French Hussars''. His regiment, Bercheny Houzards, became the most ancient hussars regiment in the French Army after the dissolution of the former Rattky regiment in 1756. This regiment is nowadays the [[1er régiment de hussards parachutistes|1st Parachute Hussars Regiment]], but is still widely known as ''Bercheny-Houzards''.<ref>Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", ''Revue historique des armées'', n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21</ref> |
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==Trivia== |
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The [[Military of Hungary|Hungarian military]] special forces, ''34th László Bercsényi Special Operations Battalion'', is named in his honour. |
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==See also== |
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* [[1st Parachute Hussar Regiment]] |
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* [[HDF 34th Bercsényi László Special Forces Battalion]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.brigade-napoleon.org/cavalerie/hussard/1eme/1e_history.htm Bercheny] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614115644/http://www.brigade-napoleon.org/cavalerie/hussard/1eme/1e_history.htm |date=2009-06-14 }} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bercheny, Ladislas}} |
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[[Category:1689 births]] |
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[[Category:1778 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Prešov]] |
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[[Category:Marshals of France]] |
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[[Category:Hungarian nobility]] |
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[[Category:Hungarian soldiers]] |
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[[Category:18th-century Hungarian people]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:44, 1 June 2023
Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny (Hungarian: Bercsényi László) (August 3, 1689 in Eperjes, Sáros County, Kingdom of Hungary (today Prešov, Slovakia) – January 9, 1778 in Luzancy, Kingdom of France (today France) was a Hungarian-born soldier who became Marshal of France.
Life[edit]
Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny was born in 1689, the son of Hungarian noble Miklós Bercsényi who was a friend of Francis II Rákóczi. Bercheny started his military career in the Bodyguard of prince Rákóczi. After the Prince's failure to achieve Hungarian independence in 1711, Bercheny emigrated to France. In 1712, he was named lieutenant-colonel in the Rattky Hussards Regiment, then the only hussar regiment in the French Army. After a year spent at Rákóczi's court-in-exile in Constantinople, Bercheny was promoted mestre de camp (colonel) in the Rattky Regiment in 1719.[1]
Around 1720, Bercheny proposed to recruit new hussars for the Rattky Regiment among the exiled Hungarians in Constantinople. The prospect soon turned into the creation of a new regiment, with Bercheny as his colonel-proprietor. Along with several French and Hungarians officers, Bercheny was able to muster 174 Hungarians by the end of 1722.[2]
Afterwards Bercheny settled permanently in France. He married Anne Catherine Girard, a middle-class girl from Haguenau, who had already given birth to his first son, in 1726. He was made a French subject by letters from the King the same year. Bercheny purchased the lordship and manor of Luzancy, which became his home, in 1729.[3]
The new regiment, known as Bercheny-Houzards, participated in the War of the Polish Succession (1733-1735), during which Bercheny was promoted brigadier. He was further promoted to maréchal de camp (major general) in 1738 and participated in the War of the Austrian Succession, during which he was promoted Lieutenant General, and the Seven Years' War, during which he was made Marshal of France. This final promotion was only honorary, as he retired from active service the same day.[4]
Bercheny died in 1778 in his manor of Luzancy.
Military History[edit]
Bercheny was renowned as an expert on light cavalry and became the first Inspector General of Hussars in 1743, giving him advisory role in officers' nominations and tactical use of units. He is widely known as the Father of French Hussars. His regiment, Bercheny Houzards, became the most ancient hussars regiment in the French Army after the dissolution of the former Rattky regiment in 1756. This regiment is nowadays the 1st Parachute Hussars Regiment, but is still widely known as Bercheny-Houzards.[5]
Trivia[edit]
The Hungarian military special forces, 34th László Bercsényi Special Operations Battalion, is named in his honour.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", Revue historique des armées, n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21
- ^ Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", Revue historique des armées, n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21
- ^ Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", Revue historique des armées, n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21
- ^ Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", Revue historique des armées, n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21
- ^ Raymond Boissau, "La Levée de Bercheny-hussards", Revue historique des armées, n° 225, 2009, pp. 15-21
External links[edit]
- Bercheny Archived 2009-06-14 at the Wayback Machine
