Chad Gadya: Difference between revisions
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{{JewishMusic |
{{JewishMusic}} |
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[[Image:pesach3.gif|left]] |
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'''Chad Gadya''' ([[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]: חַד גַדְיָה) is a playful [[cumulative song]], written in Aramaic with [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] words interspersed. |
'''"Chad Gadya"''' ([[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]: חַד גַדְיָה) is a playful [[cumulative song]], written in Aramaic with [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] words interspersed. The song's titled translates literally as "one young female goat [kid]". It is the last song sung before "[[L'shana Ha'ba'ah|L'shana Ha'ba'ah Birushalayim]]" (Next Year in Jerusalem) at the [[Passover Seder]]. It is believed to have developed from [[Middle Ages|Medieval]] [[German language|German]] [[folk music]]. The song is popular with children and similar to other cumulative songs such as "[[There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly]]". ("[[Echad Mi Yodea]]", another cumulative song, is also in the Passover [[Haggadah]].) |
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[[Image:pesach3.gif|left|thumb|145px|The father holding his kid goat that he bought.]] |
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<br> |
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Sometimes it is translated, "one little goat", other times "one little kid.", where "kid" refers to a baby goat. The word "''chad''" is Aramaic for "one", and "''gadya''" is Aramaic and Hebrew for, a young female goat |
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==Symbolism of Chad Gadya== |
==Symbolism of "Chad Gadya"== |
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Many explanations have been written attempting to explain the song's lyrics. A popular explanation is that Chad Gadya shows the different nations that have inhabited the [[Land of Israel]] with the child goat being the [[Jewish people]], then the cat being [[Assyria]], the dog [[Babylon]], the stick [[Persia]], the fire [[Macedon]]ia, the water [[Rome]], the ox [[Saracens]]; the slaughterer the [[Crusaders]], the Angel of Death, the [[Turks]]. At the end, God returns to send the Jews back to Israel.{{Fact|date=May 2007}} |
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==In other media== |
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* A version of "Had Gadia" performed by [[Chava Alberstein]] bookends the [[Natalie Portman]] film ''[[Free Zone (film)|Free Zone]]'', with a slightly different translation of the lyrics used for the English subtitles than what is found above (the animal is a lamb, not a kid), and with an additional verse relating to the "hellish circle" of violence in the [[Middle East]].<ref>{{cite press release | title = ''Free Zone'' electronic press kit | publisher = BAC Films | date = 2005-05-09 | url = http://www.bacfilms.com/presse/freezone/dpus.pdf | accessdate = 2006-12-10 }}</ref> |
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{| cellpadding=6 |
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! English Translation |
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! Aramaic Lyrics |
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'''ONE LITTLE GOAT'''<br><br> |
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{| class="navbox collapsible collapsed" style="position:relative;" |
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! class="plainlinksneverexpand" | English and Aramaic text of Chad Gadya |
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<table> |
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<tr><td>English translation</td><td>Aramaic original</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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Which my father bought for two |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The cat came, and ate the goat,<br> |
The cat came, and ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא שׁוּנְרָא, וְאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The dog came, and bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
The dog came, and bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא כַלְבָּא ,וְנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The stick came, and beat the dog,<br> |
The stick came, and beat the dog,<br> |
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that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא חוּטְרָא, וְהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא,<br> |
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דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא,<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The fire came, and burned the stick,<br> |
The fire came, and burned the stick,<br> |
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that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא נוּרָא, וְשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא ,דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The water came, and extinguished the fire,<br> |
The water came, and extinguished the fire,<br> |
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| Line 43: | Line 70: | ||
that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא מַיָּא, וְכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי.<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The ox came, and drank the water,<br> |
The ox came, and drank the water,<br> |
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| Line 49: | Line 82: | ||
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא תוֹרָא, וְשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא, דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא<br> |
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דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא, דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא<br> |
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דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא,<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The slaughterer came, and killed the ox,<br> |
The slaughterer came, and killed the ox,<br> |
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| Line 56: | Line 96: | ||
that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא הַשּׁוֹחֵט, וְשָׁחַט לְתוֹרָא, דְּשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא<br> |
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דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא, דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא<br> |
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דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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The Angel of Death came, and slew the slaughterer,<br> |
The Angel of Death came, and slew the slaughterer,<br> |
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| Line 63: | Line 110: | ||
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא מַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת, וְשָׁחַט לְשׁוֹחֵט, דְּשָׁחַט לְתוֹרָא<br> |
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דְּשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא, דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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<tr><td align=left> |
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One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
One little goat, one little goat:<br> |
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Then came the Holy One, Blessed be He,<br> |
Then came the Holy One, Blessed be He,<br> |
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| Line 70: | Line 124: | ||
that extinguished the fire, that burned the stick,<br> |
that extinguished the fire, that burned the stick,<br> |
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that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
that beat the dog, that bit the cat, that ate the goat,<br> |
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Which my father bought for two zuzim.<br><br> |
Which my father bought for two [[Zuz (coin)|zuzim]].<br><br> |
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One little goat, one little goat.<br><br> |
One little goat, one little goat.<br><br> |
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</td><td align=right> |
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'''חַד גַּדְיָא'''<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא שׁוּנְרָא, וְאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא כַלְבָּא ,וְנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא חוּטְרָא, וְהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא<br> |
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דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא,<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא נוּרָא, וְשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא ,דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא מַיָּא, וְכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי.<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא תוֹרָא, וְשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא, דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא<br> |
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דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא, דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא<br> |
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דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא,<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא הַשּׁוֹחֵט, וְשָׁחַט לְתוֹרָא, דְּשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא<br> |
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דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא, דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא<br> |
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דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא מַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת, וְשָׁחַט לְשׁוֹחֵט, דְּשָׁחַט לְתוֹרָא<br> |
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דְּשָׁתָה לְמַיָּא, דְּכָבָה לְנוּרָא, דְּשָׂרַף לְחוּטְרָא<br> |
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דְּהִכָּה לְכַלְבָּא, דְּנָשַׁךְ לְשׁוּנְרָא, דְּאָכְלָה לְגַּדְיָא<br> |
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דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵי<br><br> |
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חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br> |
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וְאָתָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וְשָׁחַט לְמַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת<br> |
וְאָתָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וְשָׁחַט לְמַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת<br> |
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| Line 126: | Line 135: | ||
חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br><br> |
חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָא<br><br> |
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</td></tr> |
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</table> |
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==Trivia== |
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* In the 2005 [[Natalie Portman]] film [[Free Zone]], a song based on the traditional Chad Gadya is sung and composed by [[Israeli]] singer [[Chava Alberstein]]. It relates to the contemporary themes in the movie.<ref>{{cite press release | title = ''Free Zone'' electronic press kit | publisher = BAC Films | date = 2005-05-09 | url = http://www.bacfilms.com/presse/freezone/dpus.pdf | accessdate = 2006-12-10 }}</ref> |
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==See |
==See also== |
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* [[Passover Seder]] |
* [[Passover Seder]] |
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* [[Passover]] |
* [[Passover]] |
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* [[Passover songs]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<references /> |
<references /> |
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[[Category:Hebrew songs]] |
[[Category:Hebrew songs]] |
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[[Category:Jewish folk songs]] |
[[Category:Jewish folk songs]] |
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[[Category:Passover songs]] |
[[Category:Passover songs]] |
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[[de:Chad gadja]] |
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[[he:חד גדיא]] |
[[he:חד גדיא]] |
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[[ja:ハド・ガドヤー]] |
[[ja:ハド・ガドヤー]] |
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Revision as of 15:24, 6 July 2007
  Israeli music |
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| Music for holidays |
"Chad Gadya" (Aramaic: חַד גַדְיָה) is a playful cumulative song, written in Aramaic with Hebrew words interspersed. The song's titled translates literally as "one young female goat [kid]". It is the last song sung before "L'shana Ha'ba'ah Birushalayim" (Next Year in Jerusalem) at the Passover Seder. It is believed to have developed from Medieval German folk music. The song is popular with children and similar to other cumulative songs such as "There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly". ("Echad Mi Yodea", another cumulative song, is also in the Passover Haggadah.)
Symbolism of "Chad Gadya"
Many explanations have been written attempting to explain the song's lyrics. A popular explanation is that Chad Gadya shows the different nations that have inhabited the Land of Israel with the child goat being the Jewish people, then the cat being Assyria, the dog Babylon, the stick Persia, the fire Macedonia, the water Rome, the ox Saracens; the slaughterer the Crusaders, the Angel of Death, the Turks. At the end, God returns to send the Jews back to Israel.[citation needed]
In other media
- A version of "Had Gadia" performed by Chava Alberstein bookends the Natalie Portman film Free Zone, with a slightly different translation of the lyrics used for the English subtitles than what is found above (the animal is a lamb, not a kid), and with an additional verse relating to the "hellish circle" of violence in the Middle East.[1]
| English and Aramaic text of Chad Gadya | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
References
- ^ "Free Zone electronic press kit" (PDF) (Press release). BAC Films. 2005-05-09. Retrieved 2006-12-10.