Ulmus lanceifolia: Difference between revisions

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== Description ==
== Description ==
''Ulmus lanceifolia'' can reach a maximum height of 45 m, placing it on a par with the [[English Elm]], but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally [[leaf shape|lanceolate]], < 10&nbsp;cm long by < 3.5&nbsp;cm broad, and thick. The tree is [[deciduous]] in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500 m, but [[evergreen]] in the [[tropics]]. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February - March in the south. The obovate [[Samara (fruit)|samarae]] are 12-30&nbsp;mm long by 11-24&nbsp;mm broad <ref name=Fu>Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) ''Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF05/Ulmus.pdf]</ref> <ref name=Melville>Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. ''Kew Bulletin'' Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.</ref>.
''Ulmus lanceifolia'' can reach a maximum height of 45 m, placing it on a par with the [[English Elm]], but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally [[leaf shape|lanceolate]], < 10&nbsp;cm long by < 3.5&nbsp;cm broad, and thick. The tree is [[deciduous]] in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500 m, but [[evergreen]] in the [[tropics]]. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February - March in the south. The obovate [[Samara (fruit)|samarae]] are 12-30&nbsp;mm long by 11-24&nbsp;mm broad <ref name=Fu>Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) ''Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF05/Ulmus.pdf]</ref> <ref name=Melville>Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. ''Kew Bulletin'' Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.</ref>.

==Pests and diseases==
==Pests and diseases==
''U. lanceifolia'' was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle ''[[Xanthogaleruca luteola]]'' <ref name=Miller,a>Miller, F. and Ware, G. (2001). Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) to Feeding of the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (1): 162-166. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] and feeding by the Japanese Beetle ''[[Popillia japonica]]'' <ref name=Miller,b>Miller, F., Ware, G. and Jackson, J. (2001). Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) for the Feeding of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (2). pp 445-448. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] in the [[USA]].
''U. lanceifolia'' was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle ''[[Xanthogaleruca luteola]]'' <ref name=Miller,a>Miller, F. and Ware, G. (2001). Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) to Feeding of the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (1): 162-166. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] and feeding by the Japanese Beetle ''[[Popillia japonica]]'' <ref name=Miller,b>Miller, F., Ware, G. and Jackson, J. (2001). Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) for the Feeding of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (2). pp 445-448. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] in the [[USA]].
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
The species is not known to survive in [[Europe]]. There were plans to send cuttings from specimens growing at the [[United States National Arboretum|U S National Arboretum]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] to the new Ulmatum in the [[Netherlands]], however these trees appear to have succumbed to the American winter. Specimens introduced to the Netherlands from the Himalaya by [[Hans M. Heybroek|Heybroek]] in the 1960s also perished.
The species is not known to survive in [[Europe]]. There were plans to send cuttings from specimens growing at the [[United States National Arboretum|U S National Arboretum]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] to the new Ulmatum in the [[Netherlands]], however these trees appear to have succumbed to the American winter. Specimens introduced to the Netherlands from the Himalaya by [[Hans M. Heybroek|Heybroek]] in the 1960s also perished.

==Accessions==
==Accessions==
None known.
None known.

==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Ulmaceae]]
[[Category:Ulmaceae]]
[[Category:Flora of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of Himalayan Region]]
[[Category:Flora of Indochinese Region]]
[[Category:Flora of Vietnam]]
[[Category:Trees of India]]
[[Category:Trees of China]]
[[Category:Flora of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Ornamental trees]]


[[zh:越南榆]]
[[zh:越南榆]]

Revision as of 23:55, 29 December 2010

Ulmus lanceifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Division:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
U. lanceifolia
Binomial name
Ulmus lanceifolia
Synonyms
  • Ulmus hookeriana Planch.
  • Ulmus lancaeafolia Roxburgh & Wall.
  • Ulmus lancifolia Roxburgh
  • Ulmus tonkinensis Gagnep. (where found in China and Vietnam).

Ulmus lanceifolia Roxburgh, ex Wall. [2], occasionally known as the Vietnam Elm, is a very large tree endemic to a wide area of southern Asia. Its range extends southeast and eastwards from Darjeeling in the Himalaya, through Bangladesh, southern China, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and on discontinuously into Indonesia, straddling the Equator in Sumatra and Celebes.

Description

Ulmus lanceifolia can reach a maximum height of 45 m, placing it on a par with the English Elm, but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally lanceolate, < 10 cm long by < 3.5 cm broad, and thick. The tree is deciduous in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500 m, but evergreen in the tropics. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February - March in the south. The obovate samarae are 12-30 mm long by 11-24 mm broad [1] [2].

Pests and diseases

U. lanceifolia was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola [3] [3] and feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [4] [4] in the USA.

Cultivation

The species is not known to survive in Europe. There were plans to send cuttings from specimens growing at the U S National Arboretum in Washington, D.C. to the new Ulmatum in the Netherlands, however these trees appear to have succumbed to the American winter. Specimens introduced to the Netherlands from the Himalaya by Heybroek in the 1960s also perished.

Accessions

None known.

References

  1. ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [1]
  2. ^ Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.
  3. ^ Miller, F. and Ware, G. (2001). Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) to Feeding of the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94 (1): 162-166. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.
  4. ^ Miller, F., Ware, G. and Jackson, J. (2001). Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) for the Feeding of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94 (2). pp 445-448. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.