Sulfolobus: Difference between revisions
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| genus_authority = Brock ''et al.'' 1972 |
| genus_authority = Brock ''et al.'' 1972 |
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| subdivision_ranks = Species |
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
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| subdivision = |
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''S. acidocaldarius''<br> |
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''S. islandicus''<br> |
''S. islandicus''<br> |
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''S. metallicus''<br> |
''S. metallicus''<br> |
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'''Sulfolobus''' is a [[genus]] of the [[prokaryote]] [[domain]] of [[archaea]]. |
'''''Sulfolobus''''' is a [[genus]] of the [[prokaryote]] [[domain]] of [[archaea]]. |
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''Sulfolobus'' species grow in [[volcanic spring]]s with [[optimum growth]] occurring at [[pH]] 2-3 and a [[temperature]] of 75-80 °C, making them [[acidophiles]] and [[thermophiles]] respectively. Their cells are irregularly shaped and [[flagella]]r. |
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''Sulfolobus'' proteins are of interest for biotechnology and industrial use as they are highly [[thermostable]]. Intracellular proteins are not necessarily stable at low pH however, as ''Sulfolobus'' species maintain a significant pH [[gradient]] across the outer membrane. Like all [[Crenarchaeota]], they are metabolically dependent on sulfur: [[heterotroph]]ic or [[autotroph]]ic, their energy comes from the [[oxidation]] of [[sulfur]] and/or [[cellular respiration]] in which sulfur acts as the final electron acceptor. |
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''S. tokodaii'' is known to [[oxidize]] [[hydrogen sulfide]] to [[sulfate]] intracellularly. |
''S. tokodaii'' is known to [[oxidize]] [[hydrogen sulfide]] to [[sulfate]] intracellularly. |
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The complete [[genome]]s have been sequenced for ''S. acidocaldarius'' DSM 639 (2,225,959 [[nucleotides]]), ''S. solfataricus'' P2 (2,992,245 nucleotides), and ''S. tokodaii'' str. 7 (2,694,756 nucleotides). |
The complete [[genome]]s have been sequenced for ''S. acidocaldarius'' DSM 639 (2,225,959 [[nucleotides]]), ''S. solfataricus'' P2 (2,992,245 nucleotides), and ''S. tokodaii'' str. 7 (2,694,756 nucleotides). |
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Revision as of 19:31, 25 March 2006
| Sulfolobus | |
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| Genus: | Sulfolobus Brock et al. 1972
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| Species | |
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S. acidocaldarius | |
Sulfolobus is a genus of the prokaryote domain of archaea.
Sulfolobus species grow in volcanic springs with optimum growth occurring at pH 2-3 and a temperature of 75-80 °C, making them acidophiles and thermophiles respectively. Their cells are irregularly shaped and flagellar.
Sulfolobus proteins are of interest for biotechnology and industrial use as they are highly thermostable. Intracellular proteins are not necessarily stable at low pH however, as Sulfolobus species maintain a significant pH gradient across the outer membrane. Like all Crenarchaeota, they are metabolically dependent on sulfur: heterotrophic or autotrophic, their energy comes from the oxidation of sulfur and/or cellular respiration in which sulfur acts as the final electron acceptor.
S. tokodaii is known to oxidize hydrogen sulfide to sulfate intracellularly.
The complete genomes have been sequenced for S. acidocaldarius DSM 639 (2,225,959 nucleotides), S. solfataricus P2 (2,992,245 nucleotides), and S. tokodaii str. 7 (2,694,756 nucleotides).
Sulfolobus species are generally named after the location from which they were first isolated, e.g. S. solfataricus was first isolated in the Solfatara (volcano). Other species can be found throughout the world in areas of volcanic or geothermal activity, such as geological formations called mud pots, which are also known as solfatara (plural of solfatare).
Sulfolobus is a Host
Lysogenic viruses infect Sulfolobus for protection. The viruses cannot survive in the extremely acidic and hot conditions that Sulfolobus lives in, and so the viruses use Sulfolobus as protection against the harsh elements. This relationship allows the virus to replicate inside of the Sulfolobus bacteria without being destroyed by the environment.
External links
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