Bristol Coanda Monoplanes: Difference between revisions
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The '''Bristol Coanda Monoplanes''' were a series of [[monoplane]] [[Trainer (aircraft)|trainer]]s designed by the [[Romania]]n designer [[Henri Coandă]] for the [[United Kingdom|British]] company [[Bristol Aeroplane Company|British and Colonial Aeroplane Company]]. |
The '''Bristol Coanda Monoplanes''' were a series of [[monoplane]] [[Trainer (aircraft)|trainer]]s designed by the [[Romania]]n designer [[Henri Coandă]] for the [[United Kingdom|British]] company [[Bristol Aeroplane Company|British and Colonial Aeroplane Company]]. |
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Several versions of the plane were built from 1912 onwards with |
Several versions of the plane were built from 1912 onwards with both tandem and side-by-side [[cockpit]]s. Several were purchased by the War Office for use as trainers by the [[Royal Flying Corps]]. International purchases were by [[Italy]] and [[Romania]]. One example survives in the [[Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics]], [[Trento]], Italy. |
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==Design and development== |
==Design and development== |
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The Romanian aircraft designer [[Henri Coandă]] joined |
The Romanian aircraft designer [[Henri Coandă]] joined Bristol in January 1912. His first design for Bristol was a two-seat monoplane trainer, a development of the [[Bristol Prier monoplane|Bristol Prier Monoplane]], controlled by [[wing warping]]. The first prototype flew in March 1912.<ref name="bristol 1910"/> A series of similar aircraft followed with both tandem and side-by-side [[cockpit]]s, known as the '''School Monoplane''' and the '''Side by Side Monoplane'''. |
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A more powerful derivative was built for a [[1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition|competition]] to provide aircraft for the British [[War Office]]. Two aircraft, known as '''Competition Monoplanes''' were built and entered into the competition, together with two [[Bristol Gordon England biplanes]]. The aircraft were flown by Harry Busteed, |
A more powerful derivative was built for a [[1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition|competition]] to provide aircraft for the British [[War Office]]. Two aircraft, known as '''Competition Monoplanes''' were built and entered into the competition, together with two [[Bristol Gordon England biplanes]]. The aircraft were flown by Harry Busteed, Bristol's test pilot and James Valentine.<ref>{{ cite web| url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1912/1912%20-%200698.html | title=''Flight'' 3 August 1912 | publisher=www.flightglobal.com | date=July 27, 1912 | accessdate=October 13, 2013}}</ref> |
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These did well in the competition, rated equal fifth and described at the time as "well-designed and well-constructed" though criticised as "heavy for the wing area" and lacking in power.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1912/1912%20-%200988.html ''Flight'' November p988]</ref> This resulted in their being purchased by the War Office for use as trainers by the [[Royal Flying Corps]].<ref name="bristol 1910"/> These two aircraft formed the basis for a revised military trainer, the '''Military Monoplane''', which had increased wingspan. |
These did well in the competition, rated equal fifth and were described at the time as "well-designed and well-constructed" though criticised as "heavy for the wing area" and lacking in power.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1912/1912%20-%200988.html ''Flight'' November p988]</ref> This resulted in their being purchased by the War Office for use as trainers by the [[Royal Flying Corps]].<ref name="bristol 1910"/> These two aircraft formed the basis for a revised military trainer, the '''Military Monoplane''', which had increased wingspan. |
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The Military Monoplane later formed the basis for the [[Bristol TB.8]], several being rebuilt into TB8s. |
The Military Monoplane later formed the basis for the [[Bristol TB.8]], several being rebuilt into TB8s. |
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The first School and Side by Side monoplanes entered service with flying schools operated by Bristol at [[Larkhill]] and [[Brooklands]]. One tandem and two side-by-side machines were sold to [[Italy]], with four tandem and three side-by-side aircraft being sold to [[Romania]]. |
The first School and Side by Side monoplanes entered service with flying schools operated by Bristol at [[Larkhill]] and [[Brooklands]]. One tandem and two side-by-side machines were sold to [[Italy]], with four tandem and three side-by-side aircraft being sold to [[Romania]]. |
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The two Competition Monoplanes were purchased by the War Office after the Military Aircraft Competition, being used as trainers for the RFC. However, on 10 September 1912, one of the Competition Monoplanes crashed, killing Lts. E. Hotchkiss and C.A. Bettington.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1912.html|title= RAF Museum|accessdate=2007-07-19 |work= |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070704135346/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1912.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-07-04}}</ref> While this was traced to one of the [[Flying wires|bracing wires]] becoming detached, it resulted in a five |
The two Competition Monoplanes were purchased by the War Office after the Military Aircraft Competition, being used as trainers for the RFC. However, on 10 September 1912, one of the Competition Monoplanes crashed, killing Lts. E. Hotchkiss and C.A. Bettington.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1912.html|title= RAF Museum|accessdate=2007-07-19 |work= |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070704135346/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1912.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-07-04}}</ref> While this was traced to one of the [[Flying wires|bracing wires]] becoming detached, it resulted in a five-month ban of flying of all monoplanes by the military wing of the RFC.<ref name="bristol 1910"/> |
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Despite this ban, Military Monoplanes were purchased by [[Romania]] and [[Italy]], with a production license being granted to [[Caproni]] (although this license was later cancelled, only two being built by Caproni).<ref name="bristol 1910"/> |
Despite this ban, Military Monoplanes were purchased by [[Romania]] and [[Italy]], with a production license being granted to [[Caproni]] (although this license was later cancelled, only two being built by Caproni).<ref name="bristol 1910"/> |
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|jet or prop?=prop |
|jet or prop?=prop |
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|ref=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 <ref name="bristol 1910">{{Cite book |author=Barnes, C.H.|title=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 |edition =First |publisher=Putnam |location= London|year=1964 }}</ref> |
|ref=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 <ref name="bristol 1910">{{Cite book |author=Barnes, C.H.|title=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 |edition =First |publisher=Putnam |location= London|year=1964 }}</ref> |
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|crew= |
|crew=two |
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|capacity= |
|capacity= |
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|length main= 29 ft 3 in |
|length main= 29 ft 3 in |
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Revision as of 16:09, 29 March 2016
| Bristol-Coanda Monoplanes | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Trainer |
| Manufacturer | Bristol Aeroplane Company |
| Designer | Henri Coandă |
| First flight | 1912 |
| Number built | 37 |
| Variants | Bristol TB.8 |
The Bristol Coanda Monoplanes were a series of monoplane trainers designed by the Romanian designer Henri Coandă for the British company British and Colonial Aeroplane Company.
Several versions of the plane were built from 1912 onwards with both tandem and side-by-side cockpits. Several were purchased by the War Office for use as trainers by the Royal Flying Corps. International purchases were by Italy and Romania. One example survives in the Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics, Trento, Italy.
Design and development
The Romanian aircraft designer Henri Coandă joined Bristol in January 1912. His first design for Bristol was a two-seat monoplane trainer, a development of the Bristol Prier Monoplane, controlled by wing warping. The first prototype flew in March 1912.[1] A series of similar aircraft followed with both tandem and side-by-side cockpits, known as the School Monoplane and the Side by Side Monoplane.
A more powerful derivative was built for a competition to provide aircraft for the British War Office. Two aircraft, known as Competition Monoplanes were built and entered into the competition, together with two Bristol Gordon England biplanes. The aircraft were flown by Harry Busteed, Bristol's test pilot and James Valentine.[2]
These did well in the competition, rated equal fifth and were described at the time as "well-designed and well-constructed" though criticised as "heavy for the wing area" and lacking in power.[3] This resulted in their being purchased by the War Office for use as trainers by the Royal Flying Corps.[1] These two aircraft formed the basis for a revised military trainer, the Military Monoplane, which had increased wingspan.
The Military Monoplane later formed the basis for the Bristol TB.8, several being rebuilt into TB8s.
Operational history
The first School and Side by Side monoplanes entered service with flying schools operated by Bristol at Larkhill and Brooklands. One tandem and two side-by-side machines were sold to Italy, with four tandem and three side-by-side aircraft being sold to Romania.
The two Competition Monoplanes were purchased by the War Office after the Military Aircraft Competition, being used as trainers for the RFC. However, on 10 September 1912, one of the Competition Monoplanes crashed, killing Lts. E. Hotchkiss and C.A. Bettington.[4] While this was traced to one of the bracing wires becoming detached, it resulted in a five-month ban of flying of all monoplanes by the military wing of the RFC.[1]
Despite this ban, Military Monoplanes were purchased by Romania and Italy, with a production license being granted to Caproni (although this license was later cancelled, only two being built by Caproni).[1]
Gallery
Variants
- School Monoplane
- Trainer aircraft with tandem cockpits. Powered by 50 hp (40 kW) Gnome engine. Six built.
- Side by Side Monoplane
- Trainer aircraft with side-by-side cockpit. Powered by 50 hp (40 kW) Gnome engine. Six built.
- Competition Monoplane
- Two aircraft built for War Office Military Aeroplane Competition. Powered by 80 hp (60 kW) Gnome engine.
- Daimler Monoplane
- Single aircraft powered by 70 hp (50 kW) Daimler engine. Overweight and unsuccessful.
- Military Monoplane
- Improved development of Competition Monoplane with increased wingspan. Powered by 80 hp (60 kW) Gnome engine. 21 built.
Operators
Aircraft on display
A single Bristol Coanda Monoplane survives, in the Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics, Trento, Italy, being the oldest surviving Bristol aircraft still in existence. This aircraft was a pattern aircraft sent to Caproni as a basis for their licensed production.,[5] never being flown, but was restored to a complete example for display at the museum[6]
Specifications (Military)
Data from Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 [1]
General characteristics
- Crew: two
Performance
- Endurance: 5 hours
- Climb to 3000 ft (915 m): 11 min
Armament
- 12 x 10 lb (4.5 kg) light bombs
- Some were equipped with a 7.92 machine gun
See also
Related development
References
- ^ a b c d e Barnes, C.H. (1964). Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 (First ed.). London: Putnam.
- ^ "Flight 3 August 1912". www.flightglobal.com. July 27, 1912. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
- ^ Flight November p988
- ^ "RAF Museum". Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
- ^ "The Pioneers : An Anthology : Sir Stanley White and his Bristol Aeroplanes 1910 - 1918". Retrieved 2007-07-19.
- ^ "Museo G. Caproni - aeronautica, scienza e innovazione" (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
External links
