BSON: Difference between revisions
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==Data types and syntax== |
==Data types and syntax== |
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BSON has a published specification |
BSON has a published specification.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bsonspec.org/spec.html|title=BSON (Binary JSON): Specification|website=bsonspec.org|access-date=2018-01-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2247310&seqNum=4%20api.mongodb.com/python/current/api/bson/regex.html|title=Introducing NoSQL and MongoDB {{!}} What Is NoSQL? {{!}} InformIT|website=www.informit.com|access-date=2018-01-17}}</ref> The topmost element in the structure must be of type BSON object and |
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contains 1 or more elements, where an element consists of a field name, a type, and a value. Field names are strings. Types include: |
contains 1 or more elements, where an element consists of a field name, a type, and a value. Field names are strings. Types include: |
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Revision as of 19:13, 2 October 2020
Filename extension |
.bson |
---|---|
Internet media type | application/bson [1] |
Type of format | Data interchange |
Extended from | JSON |
Website | bsonspec |
BSON (/ˈbiːsən/) is a computer data interchange format. The name "BSON" is based on the term JSON and stands for "Binary JSON".[2] It is a binary form for representing simple or complex data structures including associative arrays (also known as name-value pairs), integer indexed arrays, and a suite of fundamental scalar types. BSON originated in 2009 at MongoDB. Several scalar data types are of specific interest to MongoDB and the format is used both as a data storage and network transfer format for the MongoDB database, but it can be used independently outside of MongoDB. Implementations are available in a variety of languages such as C, C++, C#, D, Delphi, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Julia, Lua, OCaml, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala, Smalltalk, and Swift.[3]
Data types and syntax
BSON has a published specification.[4][5] The topmost element in the structure must be of type BSON object and contains 1 or more elements, where an element consists of a field name, a type, and a value. Field names are strings. Types include:
- Unicode string (using the UTF-8 encoding)
- 32 bit integer
- 64 bit integer
- double (64-bit IEEE 754 floating point number)
- decimal128 (128-bit IEEE 754-2008 floating point number; Binary Integer Decimal (BID) variant), suitable as a carrier for decimal-place sensitive financial data and arbitrary precision numerics with 34 decimal digits of precision, a max value of approximately 106145
- datetime w/o time zone (long integer number of milliseconds since the Unix epoch)
- byte array (for arbitrary binary data)
- boolean (
true
andfalse
) - null
- BSON object
- BSON array
- JavaScript code
- MD5 binary data
- Regular expression (Perl compatible regular expressions ("PCRE") version 8.41 with UTF-8 support)[6]
An important differentiator to JSON is that BSON contains types not present in JSON (e.g. datetime and byte array) and offers type-strict handling for several numeric types instead of a universal "number" type. For situations where these additional types need to be represented in a textual way, MongoDB's Extended JSON format[7] can be used.
Efficiency
Compared to JSON, BSON is designed to be efficient both in storage space and scan-speed. Large elements in a BSON document are prefixed with a length field to facilitate scanning. In some cases, BSON will use more space than JSON due to the length prefixes and explicit array indices.[2]
Example
A document such as {"hello":"world"} will be stored as:
Bson:
\x16\x00\x00\x00 // total document size
\x02 // 0x02 = type String
hello\x00 // field name
\x06\x00\x00\x00world\x00 // field value (size of value, value, null terminator)
\x00 // 0x00 = type EOO ('end of object')
See also
- Comparison of data serialization formats
- JSON
- CBOR
- Smile (binary JSON)
- UBJSON
- Protocol Buffers
- Action Message Format
- Apache Thrift
- MessagePack
- Document-oriented database
- Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)
- Wireless Binary XML (WBXML)
- Efficient XML Interchange
References
- ^ "BSON Support in ASP.NET Web API 2.1 - ASP.NET 4.x". Microsoft Docs. 2014-01-20. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
- ^ a b BSON Specification
- ^ "BSON Implementation Projects". Retrieved 20 Jan 2019.
- ^ "BSON (Binary JSON): Specification". bsonspec.org. Retrieved 2018-01-17.
- ^ "Introducing NoSQL and MongoDB | What Is NoSQL? | InformIT". www.informit.com. Retrieved 2018-01-17.
- ^ "regex – Tools for representing MongoDB regular expressions — PyMongo 3.6.0 documentation". api.mongodb.com. Retrieved 2018-01-17.
- ^ "MongoDB Extended JSON documentation". docs.mongodb.com. Retrieved 2020-05-03.