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{{Short description|French entomologist}}
'''Alfred Serge Balachowsky''' (15 August 1901 – 1983) was a French [[entomologist]] born in Russia. He specialised in [[Homoptera]] : [[Coccoidea]] but also worked on [[Coleoptera]]. Balachowsky worked at the [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle]]. In 1948 he was elected president of the [[Société entomologique de France]].<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
[[File:Alfred-Serge Balachowsky.jpg|thumb|Alfred Serge Balachowsky]]


'''Alfred Serge Balachowsky''' (15 August 1901 – 24 December 1983) was a French [[entomologist]] born in Russia. He specialised in [[Coccoidea]] but also worked on [[Coleoptera]]. Balachowsky worked at the [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle|Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (MNHN)]]. In 1948 he was elected president of the [[Société entomologique de France]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2007-09-30 |title=Alfred Balachowsky (1901-1983) - biographie - Archives de l'Institut Pasteur |url=http://www.pasteur.fr/infosci/archives/bal0.html |access-date=2022-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930210321/http://www.pasteur.fr/infosci/archives/bal0.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> From 1962 to 1974 he was chair of Entomology at MNHN.<ref name=":0" />
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Balachowsky was part of the [[SOE F Section networks|Prosper Network]] in Paris during WWII, a spy network run by the British SOE. After the network was infiltrated and betrayed, Balachowsky was arrested and ultimately imprisoned at the [[Buchenwald Concentration Camp]] outside Weimar, Germany. Sent to [[Camp Dora]] on February 1st 1944, he was brought back to Buchenwald May 1st of the same year to work developing a vaccine for [[typhus]]. He also went to work helping the various [[Buchenwald Resistance|underground groups]] inside the camp and established a network of contacts who fed him information from the camp's commanders. Along with [[Eugen Kogon]], Balachowsky was instrumental in the survival of several [[Special Operations Executive|British SOE]] officers who were among a group sent to Buchenwald for execution. Most of the group were murdered there, but several, most notably [[F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas|Edward Yeo-Thomas]], [[Harry Peulevé]] and [[Stéphane Hessel]], escaped through the help of Balachowsky and his staff who helped them impersonate typhus patients in their test group. It is also believed that Balachowsky had a hand in getting [[KLB Club|168 Allied airmen]] including [[Phil Lamason]] imprisoned in Buchenwald out of the camp and into the hands of the German [[Luftwaffe]] just days before they were set to be executed.


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Balachowsky was part of the [[SOE F Section networks|Prosper Network]] in Paris during WWII, a spy network run by the British SOE. After the network was infiltrated and betrayed, Balachowsky was arrested and ultimately imprisoned at the [[Buchenwald Concentration Camp]] outside Weimar, Germany. Sent to [[Camp Dora]] on 1 February 1944, he was brought back to Buchenwald 1 May of the same year to work developing a vaccine for [[typhus]].<ref name=nuremberg>{{YouTube|TlU6lLnkXjI|YouTube: Balachowsky testifying at Nuremberg (day 45)}}</ref> He also went to work helping the various [[Buchenwald Resistance|underground groups]] inside the camp and established a network of contacts who fed him information from the camp's commanders. Along with [[Eugen Kogon]], Balachowsky was instrumental in the survival of several [[Special Operations Executive|British SOE]] officers who were among a group sent to Buchenwald for execution. Most of the group were murdered there, but several, most notably [[F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas|Edward Yeo-Thomas]], [[Harry Peulevé]] and Free French agent [[Stéphane Hessel]], escaped through the help of Balachowsky and his staff who exchanged them for the bodies of typhus patients in their test group.<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Life in Secrets|page=91|ISBN=978-0349119366|year=2006|author=Helm, Sarah}}</ref> It is also believed that Balachowsky had a hand in getting [[KLB Club|168 imprisoned Allied airmen]] including [[Phil Lamason]] out of [[Buchenwald concentration camp|Buchenwald]] and into the hands of the German [[Luftwaffe]] just days before they were to be executed.
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After the war, Balachowsky testified at the [[Nuremberg Trials]].

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After the war, Balachowsky testified at the [[Nuremberg Trials]].<ref name="nuremberg" />


==See also==
==See also==
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==Works==
==Works==
{{Scholia}}
Partial list
Partial list
*''Étude biologique des coccidies du bassin occidental de la Méditerranée'' (1932). PhD. thesis
*''Étude biologique des coccidies du bassin occidental de la Méditerranée'' (1932). PhD. thesis
Books
*With [[Louis Mesnil]] ''Les insectes nuisibles aux plantes cultivées. Leurs moeurs. Leur destruction. Traité d’entomologie agricole concernant la France, la Corse, l’Afrique du Nord et les régions limitrophes''. Tom 1. 1137 pp. Paris
*With [[Louis Mesnil]] ''Les insectes nuisibles aux plantes cultivées. Leurs moeurs. Leur destruction. Traité d’entomologie agricole concernant la France, la Corse, l’Afrique du Nord et les régions limitrophes''. Tom 1. 1137 pp. Paris
*''Faune de France'', Volume 50: ''Coléoptères Scolytides'' 320 pages, 300 b/w line illus. (1949)
*''Faune de France'', Volume 50: ''Coléoptères Scolytides'' 320 pages, 300 b/w line illus. (1949)
*''Entomologie appliquée a l`agriculture. Traité''. Tome I. ''Coléoptères''. Maison et Cie Éditeurs, Paris, 1391 pp. (1963)
*''Entomologie appliquée a l`agriculture. Traité''. Tome I. ''Coléoptères''. Maison et Cie Éditeurs, Paris, 1391 pp. (1963)
Articles
*{{Cite Q|Q108825901}}
*{{Cite Q|Q108835017|author-mask=1}}
*{{Cite Q|Q108835137|author-mask=1}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.pasteur.fr/infosci/archives/bal0.html Pasteur Institute Biography]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930210321/http://www.pasteur.fr/infosci/archives/bal0.html Pasteur Institute Biography]
*[http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/abrs/fauna/refs.pl?pstrVol=COCCOIDEA Australian Faunal Directory] Partial list of publications on Coccoidea
*[https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/search/bibliographic?search=true&author=Balachowsky&title=&year=&zoobankGuid=&DOI= Australian Faunal Directory: Partial list of Balachowsky's publications]
*[http://home.earthlink.net/~mrstephenson_umsl/noor/mission.html] Story on Balachowsky's involvement with Prosper Network in Paris
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160621162613/http://home.earthlink.net/~mrstephenson_umsl/noor/mission.html Story on Balachowsky's involvement with Prosper Network in Paris]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlU6lLnkXjI] Video of Balachowsky testifying at Nuremberg
*{{YouTube|TlU6lLnkXjI|Video of Balachowsky testifying at Nuremberg (day 45)}}

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{{Authority control}}


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{{Authority control|VIAF=71595407}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Balachowsky, Alfred
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French entomologist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 15 August 1901
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 1983
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Balachowsky, Alfred}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Balachowsky, Alfred}}
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[[Category:French entomologists]]
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century French zoologists]]
[[Category:Buchenwald concentration camp survivors]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
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[[Category:French entomologists]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Société entomologique de France]]
[[Category:French Resistance members]]
[[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:People from Korochansky District]]
[[Category:French Special Operations Executive personnel]]
[[Category:National Museum of Natural History (France) people]]




Latest revision as of 09:54, 12 May 2023

Alfred Serge Balachowsky

Alfred Serge Balachowsky (15 August 1901 – 24 December 1983) was a French entomologist born in Russia. He specialised in Coccoidea but also worked on Coleoptera. Balachowsky worked at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (MNHN). In 1948 he was elected president of the Société entomologique de France.[1] From 1962 to 1974 he was chair of Entomology at MNHN.[1]

Balachowsky was part of the Prosper Network in Paris during WWII, a spy network run by the British SOE. After the network was infiltrated and betrayed, Balachowsky was arrested and ultimately imprisoned at the Buchenwald Concentration Camp outside Weimar, Germany. Sent to Camp Dora on 1 February 1944, he was brought back to Buchenwald 1 May of the same year to work developing a vaccine for typhus.[2] He also went to work helping the various underground groups inside the camp and established a network of contacts who fed him information from the camp's commanders. Along with Eugen Kogon, Balachowsky was instrumental in the survival of several British SOE officers who were among a group sent to Buchenwald for execution. Most of the group were murdered there, but several, most notably Edward Yeo-Thomas, Harry Peulevé and Free French agent Stéphane Hessel, escaped through the help of Balachowsky and his staff who exchanged them for the bodies of typhus patients in their test group.[3] It is also believed that Balachowsky had a hand in getting 168 imprisoned Allied airmen including Phil Lamason out of Buchenwald and into the hands of the German Luftwaffe just days before they were to be executed.

After the war, Balachowsky testified at the Nuremberg Trials.[2]

See also[edit]

Works[edit]

Scholia has a profile for Alfred Balachowsky (Q2340504).

Partial list

  • Étude biologique des coccidies du bassin occidental de la Méditerranée (1932). PhD. thesis

Books

  • With Louis Mesnil Les insectes nuisibles aux plantes cultivées. Leurs moeurs. Leur destruction. Traité d’entomologie agricole concernant la France, la Corse, l’Afrique du Nord et les régions limitrophes. Tom 1. 1137 pp. Paris
  • Faune de France, Volume 50: Coléoptères Scolytides 320 pages, 300 b/w line illus. (1949)
  • Entomologie appliquée a l`agriculture. Traité. Tome I. Coléoptères. Maison et Cie Éditeurs, Paris, 1391 pp. (1963)

Articles

  • D. Matile-Ferrero; A. S. Balachowsky (1972). "Contribution à l'étude de la faune des Coccoidea des îles Canaries avec description de deux espèces nouvelles [Hom.]" (PDF). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France (in French). 77 (3): 106–116. doi:10.3406/BSEF.1972.21246. ISSN 0037-928X. Wikidata Q108825901.
  • — (1928). "Contribution à l'étude des Coccides de l'Afrique Mineure (4e note). Nouvelle liste de Coccides nord-africains avec description d'espèces nouvelles" (PDF). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France (in French). 33 (17): 273–279. doi:10.3406/BSEF.1928.28048. ISSN 0037-928X. Wikidata Q108835017.
  • — (1929). "Contribution à l'étude des Coccides de France. (1re note). Faunule des Iles d'Hyères (Port-Cros et Levant)" (PDF). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France (in French). 34 (20): 311–317. doi:10.3406/BSEF.1929.28224. ISSN 0037-928X. Wikidata Q108835137.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Alfred Balachowsky (1901-1983) - biographie - Archives de l'Institut Pasteur". 30 September 2007. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
  2. ^ a b YouTube: Balachowsky testifying at Nuremberg (day 45) on YouTube
  3. ^ Helm, Sarah (2006). A Life in Secrets. p. 91. ISBN 978-0349119366.

External links[edit]


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